SEMINAR ON

BRAIN FINGERPRINTING

Presentation byT.V.VISHNU PRASAD

INTRODUCTION

Brain Fingerprinting technique used to determine scientifically what information is, or is not stored in a particular brain.

Measures the response to the Visual and the Audio stimulus.

Stimulus is a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

It does this by measuring electrical brainwave responses to words, phrases, or pictures that are presented on a computer screen

THE INVENTION

Brain fingerprinting was invented by Lawrence Farewell.

Brain Fingerprinting technology is based on an electrical signal known as MERMER.

 Farwell's brain fingerprinting originally used the well-known P300 brain response to detect the brain's recognition of the known information

MERMER

 Farwell discovered the P300-MERMER ("Memory and Encoding Related Multifaceted Electroencephalographic Response")

A MERMER is an electrical signal which is part of the brainwave observed in response to familiar information..

When the brain recognizes something, then there is increase in neurons activity, so elicit some changes in brain wave signals .

OPERATING MECHANISM :Picture/word shown to an individual (Stimulus)

Triggers neurons

of brain

Generates brainwave (P300)

Electrical Potentials Accumulate in brain (MERMER)

Headgear fitted withElectrodes placed on scalp

P300 –MERMER(an scalp ERP EEG)Measures brainwaves

Generates analog

signals

EEG amplifier

Study

the dataUsing a computer program

Found Guilty/ Not guilty

Brain Waves are used to detect the Crime

A suspect is tested by looking at three kinds of information represented by different colored lines :

RED : Information the suspect is expected to know. It arises due to target type stimulus.

GREEN : Information not to suspect. The irrelevant stimuli is responsible for this type of brain waves.

BLUE : Information of the crime that only perpetrator would know. This occurs due to probes.

The Following figure shows the RED and BLUE lines are closely correlated.This indicates the suspect or the criminal has the knowledge of the CRIME.

ONE OF THE TEST CASES OF A SUSPECT

STAGES OF BRAIN FINGERPRINTING

Crime Scene Evidence Collection

Brain Evidence collection

Computer Evidence Analysis

Scientific Result

FEATURES & APPLICATIONSBrain fingerprinting" is a computer-based test that is designed to discover, document, and provide evidence of guilty knowledge regarding crimes, and to identify individuals with a specific training or expertise such as members of dormant terrorist cells or bomb makers. The National Security is one of the applications regarding this.

It has also been used to evaluate brain functioning as a means of early detection of Alzheimer's and other cognitively degenerative diseases, and to evaluate the effectiveness of advertising by measuring brain responses. It is applied in the Medical field.

Basically Brain fingerprinting is not lie detection. It is different from polygraph(lie-detector), which measures emotion-based physiological signals such as heart rate, sweating and blood pressure

It can help solve crimes.

LIMITATIONS

Brain fingerprinting detects information-processing brain responses that reveal what information is stored in the subject's brain. It does not detect how that information got there. 

Brain fingerprinting does not detect lies. It simply detects information. No questions are asked or answered during a brain fingerprinting test.

• It would be inappropriate to generalize the results of the present research because of the small sample of subjects.

• But the 100% accuracy and high confidence level of the

results, however, provide further support for results from previous research using brain MERMER testing.

CONCLUSION