BRAIN DRAIN FROM PAKISTAN

QURAT UL AINFA13-MDS-009

CONTENTS

What is Brain DrainReasons for brain drainBrain drain in PakistanPull and Push factors

PakistanConclusionMy opinion

WHAT IS BRAIN DRAIN?

Emigration of individuals with technical skills or knowledge from organizations, industries, or geographical regions, economic, or professional environments.

It can be simply defined as the mass emigration of technically skilled people from one country to another country.

Brain-drain is also termed as “human capital flight” because it resembles the case of capital flight.

REASONS FOR BRAIN DRAINPoor economic conditions. Slow promotion process.Non-availability of opportunities

for youth in the existingsocial set-up.Lack of opportunities offered to

the highly skilled labor.

CAUSES OF BRAIN DRAIN

Normally causes of outflow of talented emigrants for developed market economies are covered in push-pull model .

Push and pull factors regarding brain drain appear to be rooted in the unequal economic development of the emigration and immigration countries.

PULL FACTORS

Availability of resources in foreign countries to conduct research.

Higher salary levels for researchers in recipient countries.

Life-changing and academic enhancement bright career,

Economical social, intercultural, personal benefits. Better living facilities that is

education, housing, etc to their family.

PULL FACTOR Employment in well paid jobs in good career

opportunity. High standards of living, scientific

excellence, social democracy and possibility of upward mobility.

Suitable opportunities and environments for education of children.

High level of skills associated with their specific degrees.

Opportunities for advancement in careers and in specialization.

Fair, well-governed environments for HR management attract and retain many skilled professionals.

PUSH FACTORS

For better jobs. Lack of opportunities offered to

the highly skilled labor. Unemployment ratio among

qualified workers is very high and salary levels for skilled workers are often kept low by governments to maintain an equal income policy.

Lack of respect of the professionals and usually qualified people are answerable to the bosses that have no knowledge about their respective fields.

PUSH FACTORS

Lack of safety Lack of services Poverty Unemployment Lack of industrial

revolution lack of independency Population growth Agriculture change

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Highly Skilled Migrants from Pakistan

ManagareSTUDENTENGDOCAccountentI.T

CONCLUSION Loss of Health Services. The loss of high quality manpower. Huge loss of foreign exchange due to hiring

of foreign experts. Our government has not even asked Pakistani

professionals to return back and serve their country.

OPINION:

For the balance of power, and for the development in staggered economy of Pakistan it is very important to stop brain drain process.

Key to reverse the brain drain is economic development.Three basic factors to develop economy are following:

1. Stable Currency2. Political Stability3. Fair tax system and improving govt. dept. controlling commerce and trade (eliminating corruption)

If govt. can achieve these three things people would love to invest and work in an economy with bright future.