brain cancer presented by amal oladuja and michelle garro
TRANSCRIPT
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Brain Cancer
Presented by Amal Oladuja and Michelle Garro
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Introduction
Brain Cancer
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Anatomy
• Brain cancer can spread to any tissue in the brain
• Brain Anatomy
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Genes Involved
• Glioblastoma– C/EBP
– Stat3
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Symptoms
• Headaches (severe in the morning)• Nausea and vomiting• Vision and Hearing problems
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Diagnosis
• Imaging tests: CT or MRI• Biopsy• Spinal Tap
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Complications
• Problems with walking and balance• Memory problems• Muscle jerking and twitching• Numbness in arms or legs• Seizures
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Contributing Factors
• Radiation to head• Genetic Risk• HIV Infection• Smoking• Environmental Toxins
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Forms
• Brain tumors can be:– Benign– Malignant
• Two Main Types: – Primary – Metastatic
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Stages
• Grade 1– Slow growth– Easily treated
• Grade 2– Tumor is bigger– Has potential to become more dangerous
• Grade 3– Aggressive tumor – Cancer cells can be easily distinguished from brain cells
• Grade 4– Tumor is perilous– Difficult to treat
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Stages of Brain Cancer
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Treatment
Individualized for each patient:• Surgery
– W/Knife– W/O knife:
• Stereotactic Radiosurgery
• Radiation• Chemotherapy
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Side Effects of Surgery
• Brain swelling• Damage to tissue• Change in mental status • Weakness in muscles • Changes in brain functions
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Side Effects of Radiation Therapy
• Skin damage and skin sensitivity
• Hair loss
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Side Effects of Chemotherapy
• Hair loss• Nausea• Vomiting• Weakness• Damaged kidney and reproductive
organs
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Prevalence
• Gender:– Females:
• 0.54% risk of being diagnosed*• 0.41% chance of dying from tumor
– Males:• 0.66% risk of being diagnosed*• 0.5% chance of dying from tumor
• Age:– 60% of brain cancer patients are 50-70
years old
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Prevalence (cont’d)
• Males more at risk• Middle aged and older • People of European descent• Workers in factories involving toxic
chemicals
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Epidemiology
• 15-20 cases out of 100,00 people• ~17,000 diagnosed w/primary cancer
each yr in US• ~13,000 of those diagnosed die from
brain cancer
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Prevention
• Avoid toxic chemicals and environmental toxins
• Avoid HIV infections
• No smoking!
• *Lessen cell phone use
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Awareness
• Brain Tumor Foundation• International Brain Tumor Alliance• Walk Around The World for Brain Tumors• International Brain Tumor Awareness Week
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Sources• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/braincancer.html• http://www.emedicinehealth.com/brain_cancer/page8_em.htm• http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8426015.stm• http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1157902-overview• http://www.csmc.edu/5192.html• http://www.ehow.com/about_5084861_stages-brain-cancer.html• http://www.abta.org/• http://images.healthcentersonline.com/cancer/images/article/BrainAnatomy_captione
d.jpg• http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Sites-Types/metastatic • http://www.virtualtrials.com/symptoms.cfm
• http://www.decodeme.com/risk-for-brain-cancer-glioma • http://www.revolutionhealth.com/conditions/cancer/brain-cancer/facts-statistics
• http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/brain.html • http://www.braintumorfoundation.org/• http://www.theibta.org/• http://www.gfmer.ch/selected_images_v2/detail_list.php?offset=15&cat1=3&cat3=96&stype=d