PHN I: GII THIU GCafe Diskless l tnh nng mi c t phin bn GCafe Version 2.0.0.0 Trong phin bn GCafe Version 2.0.0.0 bao gm 3 phn mm kt hp vi nhau:GCafe:GCafe qun l v update game t ng. (C th ci cho phng my c hoc khng c cng).Net Disk:L trnh kt ni vi GCafe server nh x cha game ca my ch thnh o ca my trm. C th gi Net Disk l trnh Game ServerDiskless:L trnh qun l my trm khng cng. Cc my trm khi ng h iu hnh t Diskless Server do c th gi Diskless Server l Bootrom Server. ci GCafe Diskless phi ci ht 3 chng trnh trn. C th ci tng phn mm ln tng Server v cu hnh cho cc chng trnh ny kt hp vi nhau (thng qua IP) to thnh mt chnh th hot ng c cho cc my trm nhng tt hn ht l nn ci ln cng mt Server tit kim chi ph v qun l d hn. Tt c cc chng trnh trn hot ng nn nn Windows ca Microsoft. i vi bn GCafe Client Version 2.0.0.0 ci cho phng my c cng c th chy trn nn Windows XP hoc Windows 7. i vi h thng GCafe Diskless Server nn dng Windows Server ti u ht ti nguyn ca Server nh RAM trn 8GB, SSD ngoi ra Windows Server s hot ng n nh gip cho h thng GCafe Diskless n nh v t hiu qu cao hn.PHN II: CC BC CHUN B CHUN B CHO SERVER: Phn cng: Mainboard phi c h trSata 3 RAM ty nh cu s dng, ti thiu 8GB CPU chn loi thch hp vi mainboard, khng cn tc x l cao. Card mng: Ty nhu cu s dng, ti thiu 2 card mng. Yu cn LAN 1000Gb SSD: Phi cSSD(chy trn cng Sata 3) lm Cache v Writeback. HDD: Ch cn 1 HDD ci OS cho Server v cha Game. Khuyn dng HDD mi c n nh cao. Phn mm: Nn dng Windows Server 2008R2. (Khng nn dng Windows 2008 Server) Windows Server 2008 R2 c h tr TRIM gip cho SSD hot ng tt hn. Dng Windows Server 2008 R2 32bit hoc 64bit u c. nh dng cc phn vng: HDD: ChiaC:t 15 n 30GB cha h iu hnh server. Cluster cng cao cng tt HDD: ChiaE:l phn cn li lu tr game. Cluster nn nh dng64K my trm mountnhanh hn v load vo OS nhanh hn. SSD: ChiaD:ti thiu 35GB cha Image. Cluster nn nh dng64K my trm c v load Image nhanh hn. SSD: ChiaF:l phn cn li lm Cache v Writeback. Cluster nn nh dng4K tit kim dung lng lu tr. (size on disk) CHUN B MY TRM: Phn cng: Phi c 1 my trm c HDD ci OS v upload Imgae v my ch Diskless. Sau khi to c Image th my trm khng cn phi c HDD. Khuyn dng card mng 1000Gb. Card mng 100Gb load vo OS chm nhng load game tng i nhanh. Card mng my trm cn phi c bootrom boot h iu hnh qua mng. Phn ln cc card mng onboard u c bootrom. Cn enable bootrom ca card mng onboard boot h iu hnh qua mng. Nu card mng onboard khng tiu chun 1000Gb th khi thm card mng ri 1000Gb cn chn loi c bootrom. Lu nu dng bootrom t card mng ri phi disable card mng onboard.Cng cn lu c mt vi card mng ri c bootrom khng tng thch vi vi loi mainboard. u tin cc card mng Atheros. Theo kinh nghim cho thy cc card mng Atheros load h iu hnh qua mng rt nhanh. Cc card mng Realtek hoc Intel i mi load h iu hnh cng tng i nhanh nhng khng bng Atheros. Cc card mng Marvellhoc Nvidia i c hu nh khng hot ng c vi GCafe Diskless hoc phi update driver th cng th mi hot ng c. Phn mm: My trm c th dng Windows XP 32bit hoc Windows 7 32bit. Lu : GCafe client khng ci c trn OS 64bit. Phn vng cha OS buc phi nh dng NTFS. CHUN B H TNG MNG: Switch: Nn dng loi 1000Gb cho tt c cc port Cp mng: C th dng cable CAT5e. Phng game c nhiu my nn dng cable CAT6. Nu dng cable CAT5e th cc cable ni gia cc Switch nn dng cable CAT6. Cc on cable t Server n Switch cng nn dng cable CAT6. u bm mng: Nn dng loi tt. Kinh nghim cho thy nu dng u bm khng tt cable c th hot ng 100Mb.Khi bm u cng nn dng loi km bm loi tt. Kinh nghim cho thy nu km bm khng tt c th lm hng u bm dn n tip xc khng tt cng lm cho cable hot ng 100Mb. i vi phng my c nhiu my khi thi cng h tng mng cn kt ni cc Switch theo hnh sao. Ngha l phi c 1 switch chnh chia ra cho cc switch ph. Server phi i vo switch chnh. Vic ny lm cho server c th cn bng ti c trong mng ng thi cc my trm c ng i khng qu 2 Switch. Nn chn Switch chnh loi tt bo m vic chuyn mch tt hn, bng thng khng b nghn.PHN III: CI T WINDOWS 2008 SERVER R2 64BIT C th download bn bn ghost Windows 2008 Server R2 64bit active theo link sau: http://download.gcafe.vn/2K8_R2_64.GHO Nu Server dng main chy chipset Intel th trc khi ghost cn kch hot AHCI trong BIOS. Sau khi ci hoc ghost xong, Windows yu cu thit lp mt khu cho user. Mt khu yu cu ti thiu phi c 1 s, 1 ch v 1 k t t bit . Cn thit lp Vitual memory cho Windows (Ty chnh pagefile.sys v a v C) i vi bn Windows 2008 Server R2 h tr TRIM. kim tra TRIM c enable hay cha c th vo CMD (chn quyn Administrator) dng on command fsutil behavior query disabledeletenotify kim tra. Kt qu: DisableDeleteNotify = 1 (Windows TRIM commands DISABLE) DisableDeleteNotify = 0 (Windows TRIM commands ENABLE) Nu TRIM ang disable, c th dng fsutil behavior set disabledeletenotify 0 enable ln B bt mt s giao thc trong phn Netwok Connection: Thit lp tc cho card mng 1000GbPHN IV: T TN V NH IP CHO TNG CARD MNG CA SERVER i vi h thng Server c nhiu card mng th vic nh danh tng card mng v thit lp IP tnh cho tng card mng l vic nn lm d dng cho vic qun l v khc s c v sau. i vi Server c 2 card mng:Nn chn card mng onboard lm card mng chnh Diskless. Card mng cn li cho GCafe v Net Disk chy chung. V d Card mng 1: t tnDiskless. IP: 192.168.1.200 Card mng 2: t tnGCafe_NetDisk. IP: 192.168.1.201 i vi Server c 3 card mng:Nn chn card mng onboard lm card mng chnh Diskless. Cc card mng cn li phn nh cho GCafe v Net Disk V d: Card mng 1: t tnDiskless. IP: 192.168.1.200 Card mng 2: t tnGCafe. IP: 192.168.1.201 Card mng 3: t tnNet Disk. IP: 192.168.1.202 i vi Server c 4 card mng:Nn chn card mng onboard lm card mng cho Diskless chnh. Cc card mng cn li phn nh cho GCafe, Net Disk v Diskless_02 V d: Card mng 1: t tnDiskless_01. IP: 192.168.1.200 Card mng 2: t tnGCafe. IP: 192.168.1.201 Card mng 3: t tnNet Disk. IP: 192.168.1.202 Card mng 4: t tnDiskless_02. IP: 192.168.1.203 Vic phn chia ny rt hu ch cho vic ci t 3 chng trnh ca GCafe Diskless. Gip cho chng ta n nh IP no chy cho dch v no khi c s c xy ra th chng ta cng c th d dng xc nh v khc phc bng cch thay th v gn li IP l xong. Mc d cc card mng c gn v chy cho tng dch v nhng chng ta vn tn dng tt c cc card mng trong server lm cn bng ti cho Diskless. Ngha l, mi card mng, s chy 2 dch v: 1 dch v chnh n nh v 1 dch v ph l cn bng ti cho diskless. Hnh di l chn cc card mng c trong server lm loadbalacing cho diskless. Khi lm loadbalancing th cc my trm trong mng khi boot ln s c chia ti ra cho cc card mng lm gim vic nghn bng thng t my ch.PHN V: CI T V THIT LP CC DCH V1CI GCAFE SERVER: Trc khi ci GCafe Server cn disable cc card mng Diskless v Net Disk khi ci chng trnh s chn IP mc nh l card mng ang enable. Chy file ci t GCafe Server. Chn cc nt th tc Next, Yes, Accept v nhp Account trong qu trnh ci t ging nh bn GCafe version 1.0.0.0 trc y. n phn la chn hnh thc ci t nh hnh di, chn Full Server Mode Full Server Mode (Normal clients + Diskless Clients): Ci ln phng my va c my trm c cng va c my trm khng cng. Mc nh chn nh vy, s thit lp li trong CGafe sau. Tip tc b cc ty chn v chn Finish nh hnh di kt thc ci GCafe Server.2CI NET DISK: Trc khi ci Net Disk cn Stop Service ca GCafe v disable cc Diskless v GCafe. Chy file ci t Net Disk, chn cc nt th tc Yes, Next, Accept v chn Finish kt thc ci t Net Disk nh hnh di. Sau khi ci Net Disk thnh cng kim tra trng thi Net Disk. T Desktop chn Icon Disk Monitor chy Net Disk Server Nhn xung gc tri di ca Net Disk Server nu thy thng bo Dch v OK l Net Disk Server ang hot ng tt.3KT NI GCAFE V NET DISK Chy GCafe Control Panel v chn Game Disk Chn Thm Trong phn a ch Game Disk, nhp du mi tn x xung chn IP ca card mng Net Disk. Nu khng thy xut hin IP ca Net Disk n nh, hy nhp IP ca card mng Net Disk vo ng thi chn E l ch cha game ca my ch v cng chn E l cha game s c nh x xung my trm t my ch. Thit lp Cache: Nhp chut vo dng ch Thit lp Cache nh vng t muxanh hnh trn. Nhp vo dung lng RAM mong mun thit lp cache cho Game Disk v chn phn vng SSD lm phn vng lu tr cache cho Game Disk.(Xem thm phn 8 v cch set cache cho Game Disk) Chn nhm cho Game Disk: Sau khi thm Game Disk v cu hnh cache hon tt. Tip tc chn nhm cc my trm trong nhm ny nhn c o ca Server. Thit lp mc nh ti v cho Game Disk. Thit lp nh trong hnh khi game download v s t cu hnh vo nhm Game Disk. Lu khi game update th my trm phi khi ng li mi nhn c nhng d liu cp nht. i vi Game Disk, vic sa game hoc update game th cng khng cn to li ch s. Tuy nhin nu dng 2 server th cn to ch s GCafe ng b qua server ph theo ch s. Kim tra kt ni ca CGafe v Net Disk: Sau khi kt ni GCafe vi IP ca Net Disk, tm n file BSSyncNode.ini c ng dn C:\Program Files (x86)\GCafePro\BSSyncNode\BSSyncNode.ini, m ln s thy ServIP= tr n IP ca Net Disk. Hon tt kt ni v cu hnh cho GCafe v Net Disk. Phng my no cn dng Game Server th cu hnh n phn ny l xong.4CI DISKLESS SERVER Chy file ci t Diskless server, chn cc nt th tc YES, NEXT, Accept. n phn ty chn ng dn, sa li cho Diskless ci v C. Diskless h tr ci trn OS 64 bit nn mc nh ci vo Program Files. Tip tc chn Finish nh hnh di Chn IP cho Diskless chnh nh n nh. Chn ng dn lu tr Image (Nn dng D). Nu ci cho phng my ch c 1 server th ch chn My ch chnh. Nu ci cho server ph trong phng my c 2 server th chn My ch th cp. Chn phn vng lm Writeback: Chn F nh n nh Thit lp mt khu qun tr. y l mt khu ng hoc m Super cho Image t my trm. Mt khu ny quan trng. Nu chng may ngi chi bit c s ty chnh image, ci virus vo image . ! Kt thc ci diskless: Chn ti u ha card mng Diskless xc lp cc thng s ti u cho cc card mng c trn Diskless Server Kim tra trng thi Diskless sau khi ci: Nhn xung gc phi di ca Desktop nu thy biu tng Diskless Status hin mu xanh l Diskless ang hot ng, a chut vo xem trng thi Nhp tri chut vo biu tng ny xem chi tit5CI GCAFE CLIENT Chy file ci GCafe Client. Chn cc nt th tc YES, NEXT, FINISH. n phn ty chn ci t cho my trm nh hnh di. Phn ny ang ni v ci Diskless nn s chn Gcafe Diskless System Installation: l chn ci GCafe client cho my trm khng cng dng GCafe upload Imaga v my ch. Lu phn ny chng ta ch ci ln 1 my c HDD dng GCafe upload image v Diskless Server. Image ny s dng cho tt c cc my trm khng cng. Chn Finish kt thc Chn IP ca GCafe Server: Nhp vo du mi tn s xung bn phi chn IP ca GCafe Server n nh. Nu khng thy IP ca GCafe Server n nh hy nhp IP ca GCafe Server vo. Chn Ti Xc nhn li IP my ch: Chn OK Kt thc ci GCafe Client6UPLOAD IMAGE T GCAFE CLIENT Chy GCafePro Diskless Client Tool nh trong hnh di Nhp mt khu qun tr chn OK To Image mi t tn gi nh cho Image v quy nh kch thc cho Image cn ti ln. Nn chn 10GB. Chn Xc nhn Sau khi t tn v ty chn kch thc cho Image. Chn Bt u Upload Xc nhn li thng tin trc khi Upload. Lu : Khi quy nh kch thc cho Image l 10GB th my trm diskless s c C l 10GB. Trong 10GB ny c d liu thc ca h iu hnh v cc chng trnh ci ln . Nh trong v d ny. Kch thc C l 10GB, d liu c trong C l 5.3GB. Chn OK tin hnh Upload Qu trnh Upload s din ra nh trong hnh di. Sau khi qu trnh upload Image hon tt s xut hin thng bo upload thnh cng. Chn OK reset li my. n y c th tt my tho cng ra. Nh vy l c Image cho ton b cc my trm.7THIT LP DISKLESS SERVER ng nhp Diskless Server: Chy Diskless System Control Panel ng nhp. Thit lp cache cho Image: Chn Qun l Server -> Nhp phi chut vo tn Server chn Thit lp cache Nhp 2000MB v chn OK. Sau khi thit lp cache cho Image, h thng s ly 2GB ca RAM hot ng. To my trm: T giao din chnh ca Diskless nhp chn nt chc nng To my trm Tip tc hon tt cc thng tin to my trm: Phm vi: L s th t my cn to, ng thi l s lng my cn to IP u v IP kt thc: Chn di IP cho ph hp vi phng my Thit lp Image: Chn Image cho cc my trm phn gii: C th ty chnh theo nhu cu. Nu trong list phn gii khng c thng s phn gii nh mong mun c th nhp th cng vd: (1155700). Server chnh: C th nhp chn IP Server hoc cn bng ti. Gateway: Ch nh Gateway cho cc my trm DNS: Nhp DNS. C th ty chnh DNS cho my trm m khng cn thay i Image Server ph: Chn V hiu ha Cache: Chn T iu chnh Chn Xc nhn hon tt vic to my.CN RESET LI MY CH. n y cc my trm c th load OS t bootrom. Vo phn thit lp BIOS ca my trm tm v enable ROM ca card mng onboard. Ty chnh cho boot qua LAN Khi ln u my trm boot vo s thy bng ng k my trm nh hnh di. S dng cc phm iu hng: ln, xung chn my thch hp. Nhp Enter 2 ln chn v xc nhn. Nu danh sch my trm c nhiu trang c th dng phm iu hng: tri, phi sang trang. Sau khi ng k my tng ng vi IP, my ch s t ng lu MAC ca my trm. Ln sau my trm m ln s t nhn IP v load OS vi image gn. Lu : Nu l tay chn sai tn my, c th sa li bng cch xa MAC cho my trm t my ch. My b xa MAC khi khi ng ln s hin ra bng ng k nh hnh trn. i vi ngi mi bt u lm bootrom c th c v lm theo th t t phn u n phn cui l c th t hon tt GCafe Diskless. Sau k hi lm quen ri th c th khng theo th t tng phn, tuy nhin phi nn tun th quy trnh hn ch s c xy ra.8GII THCH THM V CACHE, WRITEBACK V CCH THIT LP i vi cc h thng bootrom hoc game server chng ta c khi nim cache v writeback. Phn ny ch gii thch ngha ca nhng khi nim ny trong phm vi GCafe Diskless. Cache: C th dng RAM v dng SSD thit lp. Trong phn thit lp Gcafe kt ni Net Disk c ch chn RAM lm cache v chn SSD lm cache. V d khi thit lp5GBRAM lm cache v chn F: lm cache cho Game Disk: Khi my trm truy xut game t o, my ch s c d liu game ny mt ln v a ln cache. Nu RAM cn trng th s a ln RAM, tng t khi c nhiu game c yu cu t my trm th my ch s (c mt game mt ln) v a ln RAM. Cho n khi d liu cache vt qu5GBth my ch s ghi cache xung SSD. Nu SSD tip tc y th my ch s t ng xa cache ca nhng game trc . Lu khi my ch truy xut cache trn RAM s nhanh hn trn SSD. V game c lu v truy xut trn cache ca my ch nn tc truy xut t my trm s c p ng kp thi lm cho game chy nhanh hn so vi chy trn HDD. V d: Khi my ch khi ng vo OS, my trm u tin load game t Kich, my ch s c t HDD cha game a ln cache v phn phi cho my trm. Khi c mt my khc truy cp game t Kch th my ch khng c t HDD na m s c t cache phn phi cho my trm nn tc load game t Kch ca my truy cp ln th 2 s nhanh hn my truy cp ln th 1. Bi vy t Kch chy trn Diskless GCafe s load nhanh hn HDD. Writeback: c th dng RAM v dng SSD thit lp. Diskless c ch thit lp cache cho Image v chn SSD lm Writeback. V d thit lp cache cho Image l2GBv chn Writeback l F.2GBny c ngha l my trm c php ly d liu t bn ngoi v ti a2GB. Nu my trm ly d liu t bn ngoi v vt qu2GBth chng trnh s ghi d liu vt qu ny ln Writeback. Khi my trm reset hoc tt my th Writeback s t ng xa. C th ni rng cache ca Image v Writeback l ni lu tr tm thi cho nhng g my trm ly t bn ngoi v. Lu : Nu Writeback full th my trm s khng load c Image t Gcafe Diskless. Thit lp cache v Writeback: Ty theo lng RAM ang c m cu hnh cho ph hp. Tm thi c th thit lp theo cng thc sau: Tng RAM 2GB (System) 2 GB (Image) = phn cn li cho Game Disk. Nu RAM 8GB 2GB h thng cn d 6 GB. 6GB tip tc thit lp 2GB cho Image cn li 4 GB 4GB ny thit lp ht cho Game Disk. i vi h thng GCafe Diskless, cache v writeback l yu t quyt nh nn RAM v cng nhiu cng tt. Ngoi ra s phn phi cache cho my trm c nhanh hn nn cn nhiu card mng. H tng mng cng phi t tiu chun. i vi my trm diskless, vic load OS nhanh hay chm khng cn ph thuc vo tc ca HDD nh trc m ph thuc vo card mng ang c, ph thuc tc truy xut image t my ch. Nn chn cc card mng i mi h tr 1000MB cho cc my trm v Image trn my ch nn cho lu tr trn SDD phn vng nh dng cluster 64KbC 3 cch thay i a ch MAC trn h iu hnh Windows .

- Cch 1 : Thay i thng qua giao din ho

Nhn chut phi MyComputer chn Properties chn thanh Hardware - Device Manager .Tm mc Network Adapters chn NIC ca bn, chn tip mc Advanced . Trong mc Property tm mc Network Address hoc Locally Administered Address . mc Value nhp vo a ch MAC ca bn .

Ch : khng cn nhp du-hoc du: gia cc s a ch MAC .

V d a ch MAC ca bn l :00: 1A: A0: AE: 22: D7th bn nhp vo001AA0AE22D7

Sau khi thay i xong, bn nn restart my tnh .

- Cch 2 : Thay i thng qua Registry Editor

M Registry Editor tm kho sauHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Con trol\Class\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}

Trong y c rt nhiu subkeys c nh du t0001n0017(con s ny c th khc trn PC ca bn).

Vy lm sao bit chnh xc NIC ca ti, n ang "chim dng" subkey no ?

Bn m ln lt cc subkey ny ln, tm phn bn phi c gi tr mang tnDriverDesctm NIC ca bn (gi s NIC ca ti mang tn l Intel(R) PRO/100 VE Network Connection ) th n hin th trong y, sau khi bit chnh xc NIC ca ti xong .

Bn tip tc tm khoNetCfgInstanceIdtrong kho ny c gi tr trng vi gi tr m bn s dnggetmac trn{6EF0400C-B1F8-4A55-BB89-F2DC735417C4}

Vy l OK ri, chnh xc a ch MAC trn PC ca ti nm trong subkey ny .

Bn tm tip mcNetworkAddressc a ch l :001AA0AE26D9

a ch001AA0AE26D9ny l i ch MAC cho NIC ca bn, bn ch cn thay th a ch MAC ny thnh a ch MAC mi v khi ng li my tnh .

- Cch 3 : S dng phn mm

S d bt buc s dng phn mm l c nguyn do v c 2 cch trn khi thay i a ch MAC xong th bt buc bn phi restart li my tnh .

Phn mm mang tn lhttp://www.klcconsulting.net/smac/default.htm?v=SMAC20s gip bn thc hin c iu ny .

Bn ch cn nhp a ch MAC mi vo New Spoofed MAC Address v nhn Update MAC vy l xong .Khng phi a im no chng ta cng c th m c qun net, cng khng phi l c im p th chng ta s c ng khch.Khi m tim net, th mc nhin chng ta tr thnh mt nh kinh doanh i L Cung Cp Dch V Internet Cng Cng, v vy chng ta phi tun th cc quy nh, iu khon m php lut quy nh. Cc iu khon, quy nh c ni chi tit bi:"Cc th tc cn thit khi m qun net". Trong khun kh bi vit ny, chng ti mun cp ti vic cc bn la chn a im m qun net sao cho c tim nng v thu ht c lng khch ng o. C mt iu cc bn cn lu trc l a im phi cch xa trng hc(TH, THCS, THPT) v bnh vin trn 200m, c din tch mt bng rng vi quy m, s lng dn my. Hy xem xt vn ny trc khi xt ti cc kha cnh khc v mt bng, a im.a im m qun net nh th no l p?

Khng c mt nhn nh, quy tc hay khun mu no c th khng nh c mt a im nh th no l p. Chng ti chng kin rt nhiu thc t rng, nhiu qun net c th i din vi 1 trng i hc, nhng ch m c 1 thi gian ngn ri "chy", trong khi cc qun net khc cch xa trng hc nhng lc no cng full ngi, cc game th c nm np ko ti.

Tun trc khi i th trng v huyn Tin Hi - Thi Bnh, chng ti gp 2 qun net cnh nhau, v l loi khu cnh ng, khng c bin hiu g. Bn ngoi th tnh mch, yn ng nhng khi chng ti bc vo th thy khng kh bn trong cc k si ni, khng cn st mt ch ngi. Ngc nhin hn l c 2 qun u trong tnh trng nh th, vn c cc game th khc phi chng tay ln cm ng gt ...i my. iu cho thy rng, nhn t quyt nh cho s thnh cng khi m qun net, khng hn l hon ton do a im p theo nhn nh ca s ng t trc ti nay. iu ng vi khng ch l tim net, m k c cc qun n ung hay qun nhu. Chng ti khuyn bn, hy k vng v t mc tiu vo 30% cho a im v 70% cho chin lc v cht lng.

Mt vn cn ht sc lu l ch xe cho khch ti chi. a im p cn phi da trn c tiu ch c mt ch xe rng ri m bo an ton cho phng tin ca khch. Rt nhiu khch hng b i ch v khng c ch xe tt cng nh h khng th yn tm chi c khi trong u c nm np s mt xe hoc phng tin ca mnh khng an ton...Chng ti phn chia ra lm 4 khu vc m qun net nh sau

Th 1: a im gn khu trng hc cp 2, cp 3

C mt a im gn khu trng hc cng l mt li th rt ln v cc k tim nng, iu ny khng mu thun vi nhn nh ca chng ti nhng dng trn, bi iu chng ti mun ni vi bn l ng nn t k vng 100% vo cc a im m s ng nhn nh l p. C tim nng l mt li th, v thnh cng hay khng cn nhiu vn khc.

Gn trng hc y l trng Cp 2, tt hn na l Cp 3. i tng khch hng m chng ta hng ti cng khng hn l Hc Sinh, cc em cha c nhiu tin, v ch chi chp git nhanh chng vo khong thi gian trc v sau gi hc. Nhng game th non tr ny khng phi hon ton l khch hng chnh yu ca chng ta, m chng phi ng thi hng ti khch hng l cc thanh nin, bn tr ni a phng gn . Cc i tng khch hng ny lun phi c gi gic nht nh phi v nh hay hc bi, v cng hay b cc bc ph huynh "i sn". V vy m a im chng ta la chn y nn l cc a im nm cch xa trng hc, nn nm trung tm a phng, nhng a im phi khut v kn o. y chnh l mt li th cnh tranh khi chng ta chn a im m qun net. Bi cc game th c th yn tm bn ph m khng s b ngi thn hay ph huynh truy n hoc pht hin. Nm gia khu vc trung tm ca vng a phng, v cch xa trng hc, chng ta s c mt lng khch rt u n, mc d thi gian chi ca hc sinh khng nhiu, khng n nh nhng chng ta c lng khch ti a phng. Hy yn tm l s c nhng khch hng rt chu kh cy cuc v h thay nhau em li doanh thu u n cho bn. Hy nh l a im cng khut v kn o th s cng c li th, khi khai trng th ng c t bin kh ln hay lm rm r. C lng l v nh nhng nh khng c g c, h s t tm ti qun bn. Tin chng ti i.

Th 2: a im gn trng i Hc, Cao ng

C c ia im gn khu vc ny l cc k l tng, tuy nhin cng cn phi xem xt lng Sinh Vin ti c ng khng? C k tc x qun l khng. Lng sinh vin tr ngoi th no v cn lu ti Mt Cc Qun Net Game khu vc ny. Khu vc ny th i tng khch hng chng ta hng hon ton vo Sinh Vin. H khng cn b rng buc v qun l ca gia nh nn s chi rt thoi mi. V a im gn trng s rt li th, tuy nhin cng c th cch xa trng nhng gn khu tr ng c ca sinh vin. Thng thng khu vc ny th s c rt nhiu qun net mc ln, v vy sng st v thnh cng c th bn phi nng cao cht lng dch v, cht lng phc v, cng nh gi c khch quen. Ni ti khch quen khu vc ny l cc k cn thit. Cc game th cy cuc ngy m s em li ngun thu chnh u n cho chng ta. Hy c gng gi h li v khng ngng tng thm lng khch quen.

Th 3: a im ti a phng(Thnh ph, huyn, lng, x)

Khu vc ny chng ta cn phi quan tm ti tnh hnh an sinh, iu kin kinh t ca vng min ni chng ta t a im. c th ca khu vc ny th a im cng vng qu, vng nng thn li c tim nng hn v khu vc thnh ph. V qun net game s nh vo th hiu, v nhu cu pht trin ca vng min nng thn. i vi khu vc thnh ph, thnh th th hu nh cc con em, cc thanh nin bn tr u c my tnh c nhn hay my tnh bng. By gi i cc thnh ph, chng ta rt kh c th tm c mt qun net game nh l, thng thng thnh ph hay c mt khu ph ring, hoc nu m khu vc trung tm thnh ph th phi rt quy m, tm c v cht lng phc v phi ni l ton din. Hy ht sc cn thn v xem xt a im nhng khu vc ny. Chng ti hng ti cc a im khu vc huyn, lng, x. y s d pht trin hn, cng hy lm theo cc phng thc la chn nh khu vc Th 1. Nh rng xem xt xem mt cc qun net game th no, nu qu nhiu qun m ra th chng ta nn la chn a im khu vc khc, bi lng khch hng khu vc ny c xu hng b hp.

Th 4: a im gn ni ng dn c(Gn khu cng nghip, khu tr ca Cng Nhn)

Khu vc ng dn c v ch yu l i tng di dn, ngi i lm. H c nhu cu s dng internet rt cao, nu nh ngy xa cng nhn hay ngi i lm khng bit g v my tnh v chng bao gi quan tm, mt thi gian chat chit v vn, th ngy nay vi s bng n mnh m ca facebook, ca me zing, th cc i tng ny cng tham gia rt tch cc. H c th ngi hng vi gi xem facebook hay cc ng dng gii tr, ngoi ra cng c s ng chi game, lt web.Nhng i tng ny cng rt u n v chng ta nn phc v y v cc dch v n ung khc, v h l cng nhn, cng sn tin nn rt thoi mi v chuyn n ung.Thng thng t ngi nhn ra c nhng tim nng khu vc ny, bi ai cng quan nim: m qun net th phi gn trng hc. Chng ta c th c quyn m khu vc ny v rt c th qun net game ca bn lun trong tnh trng qu ti.

Nhng vn cn lu Hy nh kho st trc mt cc qun net game ti khu vc bn la chn a im, xem xt v i tng khch hng hng ti cng nh iu kin kinh t ca vng min a phng.La chn a im phi xem xt ch xe cho khch hng, y cng l mt nhn t gip chng ta gi khch, v vy bn hy tht lu ti vn ny.Kinh doanh tim internet l mt loi hnh kinh doanh h cc th, ciu kin, v vy vic np thu cho nh nc liu bt buc. Chng ta nn chng np thu v nghim tc chp hnh cc quyinh, v trc sau th cng phi np, khng nn tr hon hoc dy da, ch khin chng ta b pht hoc chu nhng phin phc khngng c. Cng c nhiu ch h kinh doanh khng bit l phing thu, ch khi c cn b ph trchn nhc nh th mi bit.Cc loi thu phing khi m qun netC 2 loi thu m chng ta phing cho nh nc:

1. Thu mn bi:Thu ny chng ta sng theo nm, ty theoiu kin kinh t vc th ca tnga phng s c mc thu khc nhau. Cn c vo thi gian trong giy phpng k kinh doanh, nu sau ngy 30/06 th mc thu phing trong na nm. Nung k trc thiim trn th s phing thu mn bi c nm theo quynh. Thu mn bi s cn c theo doanh thu hng thng ca qun net.

Bc thuThu nhp 1 thngMc thu c nm

1Trn 1.500.000 1.000.000

2Trn 1.000.000 n 1.500.000 750.000

3Trn 750.000 n 1.000.000 500.000

4Trn 500.000 n 750.000 300.000

5Trn 300.000 n 500.000 100.000

6Bng hoc thp hn 300.000 50.000

Thu mn bi cn c theo s vn kinh doanh chp dng cho cc t chc doanh nghip nh nc, cng ty c phn, cng ty TNHH..., c p dng theo 4 bc thu tng ng vi s vn ng k. Nhiu ngi thng nhm ln vi loi hnh ny bi kinh doanh qun net game l loi hnh kinh doanh h c th, nn s c 6 bc nh trn.

2. Thu khon: Bao gm thu Gi tr gia tng(GTGT) v thu Thu nhp c nhn(TNCN).

Thu Thu nhp c nhn cng da vo mc doanh thu hng thng ca qun net m c nhng mc tnh c th.

Bc thuThu nhp 1 thngMc thu theo %

14 triung0%

2Trn 4 - 6 triung5%

3Trn 6-9 triung10%

4Trn 9 - 14 triung15%

5Trn 14 - 24 triung20%

6Trn 24 - 84 triung25%

7Trn 44- 84 triu ng30%

8Trn 84 triu ng35%

- i vi Thu Gi tr gia tng (VAT): Cn c vo Lut Thu Gi tr gia tng th ty theo mt hng m h kinh doanh ca bn kinh doanh p mc thu sut ph hp, vi mc thu sut l 0% (mt hng khng chu thu VAT), 5% v ti a l 10%.Cch tnh Thu GTGT

VAT = Doanh thu hng thng x T l Gi tr gia tng/doanh thu (quy nh theo khu vc a l v loi hng ha, dch v) x Thu sut VAT.- i vi Thu Thu nhp c nhn: Cn c vo Lut Thu Thu nhp c nhn th h kinh doanh c th np thu theo mt trong hai phng thc: mc thu khon n nh 6 thng hoc mc thu tnh trc tip trn c s k khai thu nhp hng thng, hng qu.i vi c nhn, h c th kinh doanh nu khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng y ch k ton, ho n, chng t th c quan thu s ngh p dng theo phng php thu khon. B Ti chnh hng dn c th vic xc nh mc thu khon i vi h kinh doanh, c nhn kinh doanh theo Cng vn 15908/BTC-TCT ngy 26 thng 12 nm 2008.Cch tnh Thu TNCN nh sau:Thu nhp chu thu = Doanh thu n nh trong k tnh thu x T l thu nhp chu thu n nh.- Doanh thu n nh c cn c vo k khai ca c nhn kinh doanh, kt qu iu tra ca c quan thu v kin tham gia ca hi ng t vn thu cp x.- T l thu nhp chu thu n nh ph hp c quy nh theo khu vc a l v loi hng ha, dch v. Ni tm li, mc thu khon do c quan thu n nh da trn quy m, a im kinh doanh v mc thu ca h kinh doanh cng ngnh ngh trn cng mt a bnVicng thu da theo mc khai thu nhp ca thng v s vn kinh doanh. V vy chng ti khuyn bn nn tham kho mt ngi no c kinh nghim, tng kinh doanh trong lnh vc ny hoc nu c ngi quen l lut s hoc bn ngnh thu th cng tt. H s ch cho bn nhng cch thc khai bo v k khai sao cho hp l m vnm boc cc quynh ca php lut.Phn ngun Switching thng s dng mt trong hai kiu sau : Ngun c hi tip t cao p Ngun c hi tip so quang- Sau y ta s xt cc trng hp c th3. 1. Ngun c hi tip cao p3.1.1 Mch to dao ng:B ngun Monitor thng s dng cp linh kin l IC to dao ng kt hp vi Mosfet ng m to thnh dng in xoay chiu tn s cao a vo bin p xung.IC dao ng a s s dng IC KA3842 y l IC rt thng dng v gi thnh r.Cc chn ca IC ny nh sau : Chn 1: l chn nhn hi tip iu khin p ra, in p chn 1 t l thun vi p ra , ngha l nu p chn 1 tng th in p ra tng Chn 2: ngc vi chn 1 tc l in p chn 2 tng th in p ra gim. Chn 3: l chn bo v, khi in p chn 3 > 0,6V th IC s ct dao ng bo v n cng sut ngun khi b chp ph ti. Chn 4: l chn dao ng, khi ngun ang hot ng bn trnh o vo chn 4 v php o s lm sai tn s dao ng gy hng s cng sut, tn s dao ng ph thuc R, C bm vo chn 4 Chn 5: mass Chn 6: l chn dao ng ra, in p xung dao ng o c ti chn ny khong 2VDC hoc 4VAC (VAC l o bng thang AC) Chn 7: l chn cp ngun cho IC , chn ny phi c 12VDC n 14VDC th IC mi dao ng , in p chn ny c cung cp t ngung 300VDC gim p qua tr mi 47K v c mch hi tip n nh ngun nui. Chn 8: l chn i ra in p chun 5V cung cp cho mch dao ng.3.1.2 Mch cng sut:Cng sut ngun i vi IC l n Mosfet , thng thng s dng n K , 2SKMosfet l linh kin c tr khng chn G l v cng v vy chng rt nhy vi cc ngun tn hiu yu, trong mch nu Mosfet b h chn th chng s b hng ngay lp tc.in p dao ng t chn 6 IC dao ng c a vo chn G ca Mosfet iu khin cho Mosfet ng m, trong cc trng hp IC dao ng h lm cho p dao ng ra dng mt chiu cng ln hng Mosfet.3.1.3 Mch hi tip n nh p ra:L ton b mch mu tm s trn, chng c nhim v hi tip gi c nh in p ra trong trng hp in p vo thay i.3.1.4 Mch hi tip cao p :Trong hai trng hp cao p hot ng v khng hot ng,ngun c s thay i ln v dng tiu th, do s st p trn cun hi tip t hn so vi cun th cp khi cao p chy, v vy vng hi tip trn khng gi c in p ra c nh, v vy ngi ta khc phc bng cch a xung dng hi tip v chn 4 ca IC dao ng Khi c xung dng hi tip v chn 4 th in p ra khng cn b st p khi cao p chy. (cao p tiu th 70% cng sut ngun)3.1.5 Mch bo v:Khi cc ph ti tiu thu in ca ngun b chp => dn n n cng sut hot ng qu ti v hng , bo v n cng sut ngi ta u t chn S n cng sut xung mass qua in tr 0,22 v ly st p trn in tr ny a v chn bo v ca IC dao ng, khi n cng sut hot ng mnh, sut p trn in tr ny tng => in p a v chn bo v tng => ngt dao ng.3.1.6 Nguyn l hot ng :- Khi bt cng tc ngun, trn t C1 c 300V DC in p ny i qua R1(mi) vo cp ngun cho chn 7 IC dao ng, IC hot ng v to ra dao ng chn 6 a sang chn G iu khin Mosfet Q1 ng m => to thnh dng in bin thin chy qua cun 1-2 bin p xung, dng in ny to thnh t trng bin thin cm ng ln cun hi tip 3 4 v cc cun th cp.- Cu phn p R8, VR1, R9 trch ly mt phn in p hi tip lm p ly mu a v chn 2 iu khin in p ra.- Gi s khi U vo tng => U ra c xu hng tng => p hi tip cng tng => in p a v chn 2 tng => IC s iu chnh cho bin dao ng ra gim => kt qu l in p ra gim v v tr c- Nu ban u in p U vo gim th qu trnh ngc li.=> kt qu l in p ra lun c gia c nh .- Khi cao p chy , dng tiu th tng cao , in p ra c xu hng st p v mch hi tip trn khng b li 100% , v vy vng dy qun quanh cao p => i qua R10, D6, C2 v chn 4 ca IC s lm nhim v gi cho in p ra khng b st p.- Khi mt trong cc ng ph ti b chp, n cng sut Q1 hot ng mnh, st p trn R6 tng ln, st p ny i qua R5 v chn 3 IC ngt dao ng => sau mch hi li v li b bo v => kt qu l in p b t kch, n bo ngun chp chp.X l my tnh b treoBt c ngi dng my tnh no cng gp phi trng hp my b treo. Nhng s c nh vy va lm mt thi gian va gy ra nhiu nguy c nh mt d liu, hng file ang hot ng... Nhng cch sau y gip ngi dng x l tnh hung my tnh b treo.

Treo khi khi ng (Booting)Nu my tnh b treo khi khi ng, c th phn cng mi lp trong my khng tng thch tt v gy ra li. i khi vic treo my c th pht sinh bt thng, thm ch nhng h thng ang lm vic tt vo hm trc c th treo vo hm sau. Vi tnh hung treo my bt thng, tt nht l nn khi ng h iu hnh, vo Safe Mode v tin hnh khi phc li h thng (thng thng cc my tnh bn nguyn b thng km theo a khi phc, cn gi l a Recovery).Nu khng c a ny th s dng chc nng kim tra li a cng hoc cc tin ch kim tra h thng tch hp sn trong h iu hnh. Nu li c pht hin khng thay i sau nhiu ln qut, ngi dng nn tham kho kin t cc chuyn gia phn cng hoc cc din n cng ngh (v d nh Xtremevn.com). L do l my tnh c cu thnh t rt nhiu linh kin khc nhau v mi trong s chng u c th l nguyn nhn gy ra rc ri. Nu b qua t vn ca cc chuyn gia giu kinh nghim, ngi dng my c th tn tin v thi gian nhng khng chc s khc phc c.Treo khi khng (Idle)Nu my tnh thng b treo khi khng (khng chy cc tc v - Idle) th li c th do nhiu nguyn nhn. Mt s my tnh thng gp trc trc vi chc nng ng ng (Hibernation). Nu thuc trng hp ny, ngi dng my hy th v hiu ha ng ng xem c khc phc c khng.Cch lm nh sau: M Control Panel ri xc lp khng s dng Screen Saver cng nh cc tnh nng Hibernation (trong Power Options).i khi my b treo bi phn cng b s c. Thng thy nht l do mt linh kin my tnh b qu ti nhit do qut khng chy hoc cc phn tn nhit b bi che ph. Nu vy, ngi dng c th x l d dng bng cch lau chi v thi bi bng khn v bnh kh nn.Trong trng hp li khng phi do phn mm cng nh vn nhit, ngi dng nh phi thay th mt vi linh kin chnh trong my d ra li. Mi kiu treo my v thng bo li hin ra c th h tr tm ra thnh phn phn cng hng hc nhng thng ch c nhng ngi dng rt tho linh kin my tnh mi c th xc nh c.Trc trc khi x l cc tc vKhi my tnh treo trong cc tc v, v d trong khi chi game (hnh nh b v, card ha c th b qu ti nhit hoc hng hc) hoc khi phi tnh ton nhiu, c bit l qut virus hay ang render trong cc ng dng thit k..., nguyn nhn c th do CPU b qu ti nhit. RAM hoc b ngun thng gy ra hin tng BSOD (mn hnh xanh cht chc) trc khi treo cng my.Vi cc tc v sao chp hoc ng dng truy cp a cng vi tn sut cao (qut virus, xem phim nh HD...), nguyn nhn gy treo my c th do s c a cng. Hy th qut a cng bng tin ch tch hp ca h iu hnh hoc ca cc hng th ba nh Norton Utilities.Treo khi p xungMi khi p xung, li treo my thng xy ra v tng i kh xc nh. Nu my thng b BSOD, li c th do RAM hoc ngun (thng l do thiu in hoc RAM yu) hay mt bus no hot ng khng kp cc thng s xc lp trong BIOS. Nu my thng xuyn b khi ng li, ngi dng hy th tng in cho mt s thnh phn chnh hoc gim xung nhp ca chng.Phng hn chng my hot ng trn tru v khng b treo, trc tin bn cn u t nhiu cho phn cng vi linh kin mua t nhng nh cung cp uy tn.Ngoi ra, nn ci h iu hnh v phn mm loi tt, c bn quyn (trnh dng cc bn b kha v phn mm lu); trang b cc cng c an ninh tt (phn mm dit virus, tng la...) v thng xuyn dn dp a cng, registry ca Windows... theo nh k.