Donor ManagementDonor Managementin Blood Banks in Blood Banks

MUHAMMAD ASIF ZEBLecturer MLT (KMU)Master in health and professional education (MHPE in progress)M.Sc. HematologyB.Sc. MLTCertificate in health and professional education (CHPE)Certificate in health research (CHR)

• Donor selection determines the eligibility of a donor to donate blood.

Types

1. Voluntary Donors : Donate Blood on their own2. Replacement Donors : from within the patient’s

own family or community3. Autologous Blood Donor -Are patients who

donate their own blood for self4. Professional Donors -means a person who donates blood for a valuable consideration, in cash or kind, for any source, on behalf of the recipient patient includes a paid donor or a commercial donor.

Fact sheetFact sheet

A person has 5 - 6 litres of blood in their body.

A person can donate blood every 90 days (3 months).

Body recovers the Blood very quickly:

Blood plasma volume– within 24 - 48 hours Red Blood Cells – in about 3 weeks Platelets & White Blood Cells – within minutes

Safety ConcernsSafety Concerns

• Safety of Blood Donor & Blood Recipient (patient) because “Safe Blood” gives life, “Unsafe blood” gives infections

• To ensure “Blood Safety”,• Strict “Donor Screening” at the Camp • “Testing” of collected blood to WHO specified

standards• Strict “cross-matching” of blood samples to ensure

safe transfusion to patient

Pre-Donation informationPre-Donation information

• It is quick and safe.• It doesn’t hurt.• It saves 3 to 4 lives.

• Blood is taken ONLY from Voluntary Donors• Using sterile, disposable blood bags & instruments• Donated Blood is tested and separated into components benefiting 3-4 patients• It is safe to donate every 3 months

Procedure for Procedure for Voluntary Blood DonationVoluntary Blood Donation

Pre-Donation:Pre-Donation:1. Donor Screening2. Donor Eligibility criteria 3. Donor Consent Form4. Medical examination Blood Donation:Blood Donation:5. Blood donation procedurePost donation Post donation 6. Rest, advice & refreshment7. Donor Certificate, Donor ID card

• Safe Donor selection involves – 1. Identification of low risk populations2. Donor education and recruitment3. Medical Examination before donation

1. Donor Screening1. Donor Screening

2. Donor Eligibility Criteria2. Donor Eligibility Criteria

• Who can donate?

• Age: 18 - 60 years• Weight : > 50 kg• Hemoglobin level: >12.0 gms/dl for

women and 12.5 gm/dl for men• In good health

Wt > 50 Kg

3. Deferral Criteria 3. Deferral Criteria Who CANNOT donate? Who CANNOT donate?

Life long 1 year 6 Months х Abnormal bleeding disorderх Heart, Kidney, Liver Disorderх Thyroid disorderх Epilepsy, Mental disordersх Tuberculosis, Leprosy,х Asthma

х Cancer

х Insulin dependent diabeticsх Uncontrolled High BP

o Surgery

o Typhoid

o Dog bite

o Unexplained weight loss

o Continuous low grade fever

o Tattooing or body piercing

o Dental extraction

o Root canal treatment

o Malaria

o Vaccination

Female donors cannot donate blood……• During pregnancy• After delivery for one year• When lactating • During menstrual period and for 7 days there after

Male donors cannot donate blood……• If consumed Alcohol in the previous 24 hours

3. Deferral Criteria…3. Deferral Criteria…(Donor Consent Form)(Donor Consent Form)

4. Medical Examination4. Medical Examination

• Blood test for:• Hemoglobin

• Blood pressure• Pulse• General physical examination

5. Blood Donation Procedure5. Blood Donation Procedure Remember! Remember!

The Donor Must ….

have had good rest / sleep

have had light meal

be mentally prepared

5. Blood Donation Procedure 5. Blood Donation Procedure Volume of blood collection Volume of blood collection

Donor Weight

Blood collected

Amount Used for

45 kgs -55 kgs

350ml Single bag Whole Blood

> 55 kgs 450 ml Double / Triple bag

Blood Components

Post Donation AdvicePost Donation Advice

Drink lots of fluids for next 24 hours Avoid smoking for one hour & alcohol till after a meal Don’t use elevator to go up immediately after donation as it will

make blood rush to your feet & make you dizzy! Avoid highly strenuous exercises & games for a day If you feel dizzy, lie down & put your feet up. You will be alright

in 10-20 mins. Remove band-aid after 4 hours. If it bleeds, apply pressure &

reapply band-aid. If bruised and painful, apply cold-pack 4 to 5 times for 5 mins each. The bruise is due to blood seeping into the surrounding tissue. It will take a few days to get reabsorbed.

6. Testing at Blood Bank for 6. Testing at Blood Bank for Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs)Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs)

Blood collected at the BDC is screened using highest quality screening tests for 6 TTIs

• HIV 1 • HIV 2• Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C• VDRL (syphilis) • Malaria

Counselling for “Reactive” donors Counselling for “Reactive” donors

If a blood sample tests positive for any TTI, then…. Tests are repeated in duplicate Complete confidentiality is maintained about

the test results only the donor is informed, counseled &

encouraged for further testing Referrals to health experts are provided along

with follow-ups

Benefits to Donor of blood donation Benefits to Donor of blood donation

Health benefits:Regular donation (2-3 times a year….)

• Lowers cholesterol• Lowers lipid levels• Decreases incidence of heart attacks, strokes

Donor is also eligible to receive one FREE unit of blood if needed for • Self• Spouse/ Child/ Parents, and • Even friends

Thank you