BoneMuscleCardio

Fluid/ElectrolyteImmunologyHematology

NeuroEndo

GIBHP

Energy CHO (fiber), Fat, ProteinFat-soluble vitaminsWater-soluble vitaminsMineralsFluid

Systems

EnergyAmino acids

ProteinSodium

Fatty acidsAntioxidants

Other

CountermeasuresCountermeasures Bisphosphonates

KCitrateMedications Exercise

Other

DurationFood System

RadiationEVA

Schedule

Vehicle/Mission

Space Nutrition

NutrientRequirements

Christmas Day 2008

Russian crab salad (eggs, corn, mayo, horseradish)

Stuffing (cornbread stuffing, cooked onions & garlic in olive oil, re-hydrated sausage, honey)

Mesquite grilled tuna in a lemon and garlic ginger marinade

New Year’s Day 2009

Black bean salad (cooked onions, corn, re-hydrated sun-dried tomatoes, honey, balsamic vinegar)

Mexican scramble (eggs, potatoes, cheese, breakfast sausage links, rehydrated sun-dried tomatoes, cooked onions and garlic, and picante sauce on a tortilla)

Inadequate food intake will compromise crew health and performance

Intake of all nutrients is dependent on the adequacy of energy intake

Energy Intake

Energy

SLAMMD

Vitamin D

Smith et al., J Nutr, 2006Smith et al., J Nutr, 2005

Pre 2 30

20

40

60

80

1002000 IU/d1000 IUd400 IU/dNo pills

Session

25(O

H)V

it D

(n

mo

l/L)

Smith et al., AJCN, 2009

Polar Vitamin D: Winter 2007

Polar II: Winter 2009

2,000 IU/d

10,000 IU/wk

Vitamin D, Calcium

Immune Markers

Bone

Bone breakdownBone formation

Diet Excretion

Excretion

Feces

Urine

Absorption Secretion

Deposition Resorption

Human Body

Bone

Calcium Pools

Stomach and

Intestines

NutritionExercisePharmacology

Gravity

Potential Countermeasures

• N-telopeptide • Helical peptide

Nutrition and Bone

Nutrition and Bone

NEEMO

Iron, Oxygen, and EVA

Radiation/oxygen issues have implications for cataracts and other health issues.

Earth Benefits

ResearchCountermeasuresTechnologyEducation/Outreach

Education/Outreach