bolile culturilor de camp
TRANSCRIPT
BOLILE CULTURILOR DE CMP
MATERIAL REALIZAT: PROF. ING. MOTEANU LEONORA COLEGIUL AGRICOL POARTA ALB
Mozaicul dungat al grului Denumire tiinific: Wheat streak mosaic virus
Prevenire: a)semnatul la data optim evit coincidena ntre fenofaza de sensibilitate a grului i rspndirea maxim a vectorilor; b)distrugerea samulastrei ntrerupe ciclul de devoltare al vectorilor; c)distrugerea buruienilor gazd i samulastra se va face cu 7 zile nainte de semnat; d)n zonele cu densiti mari ale vectorilor se recomand cultivarea de soiuri de gru rezistente.
Mucegaiul de zpad Denumire tiinific: Calonectria graminicola
Combatere chimic: GRU: *tratamentul seminei cu: a)PANOCTINE 35LS doza 2,0kg/t; b)VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,0l/t; ORZ: *tratamentul seminei cu: a)RAXIL 2 WS doza 1,5k/t; b)VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,0l/t.
Ptarea n ochi a bazei tulpinii de gruDenumire tiinific: Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides
Combatere chimic: *tratament la cultur cu: a)GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; b)SPORTAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; c)TILT 250 EC doza 0,5l/ha.
Finarea grului Denumire tiinific: Erysiphe graminis
Combatere chimic: GRU: *tratament la cultur cu: -BRAVO 75 WP doza 2,0kg/ha; -BRIO (doza 0,7l/ha; -CARAMBA 60 SL (doza 1,0l/ha; -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -SPORTAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -IMPACT 125 SC doza 1,0l/ha; -TANGO SUPER doza 1,0l/ha;
ORZ: *tratament la cultur cu: - ARTEA doza 0,4l/ha; - ARCHER 425 doza 0,8l/ha; -BRIO doza 0,7l/ha; -BRAVO 75 WP doza 2,0kg/ha; -SPORTAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -TANGO doza 0,5l/ha;
Ptarea brun a frunzelor de gru Denumire tiinific: Septoria tritici
Combatere chimic: *tratament la cultur cu: -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -TANGO Doza 0,5l/ha.
Septorioza spicelor de gru Denumire tiinific: Septoria nodorum
Combatere chimic: *tratament la cultur cu: -BUMPER SUPER 490 EC doza 0,8l/ha; -CARAMBA 60 SL doza 1,0l/ha; -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -IMPACT 125 SC doza 1,0l/ha; -TANGO doza 0,5l/ha; -SPORTAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha.
Rugina brun Denumire tiinific: Puccinia recondita
Combatere chimic: GRU: *tratament la cultur cu: - BRIO doza 0,7l/ha; - CARAMBA 60 SL doza 1,0l/ha; -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -SPORTAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -IMPACT 125 SC doza 1,0l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha - TANGO doza 0,5l/ha;
ORZ: *tratament la cultur cu: - TANGO SUPER doza 1,0l/ha; -BRIO doza 0,7l/ha; -BUMPER 250 EC doza 0,5l/ha; -CARAMBA 60 SL doza 1,0l/ha; -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 doza 1,0l/ha; -IMPACT 125 SC doza 1,0l/ha.
Rugina galben Denumire tiinific: Puccinia striiformis
GRU: *tratament la cultur cu:
-BRIO doza 0,7l/ha; -BUMPER SUPER 490 EC doza 0,8l/ha; -CARAMBA 60 SL doza 1,0l/ha; -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -SPORTAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -IMPACT 125 SC doza 1,0l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -TANGO doza 0,5l/ha
ORZ: *tratament la cultur cu:
- TANGO SUPER doza 1,0l/ha; -BRIO doza 0,7l/ha; -BUMPER 250 EC doza 0,5l/ha; -CARAMBA 60 SL doza 1,0l/ha; -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -IMPACT 125 SC doza 1,0l/ha.
Mlura comun a grului Denumire tiinific: Tilletia sp.
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei cu: -PANOCTINE 35 LS doza 2,0kg/t; -REAL 200 FS doza 0,2l/t; -ROYAL FLO 42 S doza 2,5l/t; -SUMI 82 FL doza 1,0l/t; -TIRADIN 70 PUS doza 2,0kg/t; -VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,0l/t.
Fuzarioza spicelor de gru / Albirea i nroirea spicelor de gru Denumire tiinific: Gibberella zeae
Combatere chimic: GRU: *tratament la cultur cu: - BRIO doza 0,7l/ha; - MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; - GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; - BUMPER SUPER 490 doza 0,8l/ha; - CARAMBA 60 SL doza 1,0l/ha; - TANGO doza 0,5l/ha; *tratamentul seminei mpotriva duntorului cu: - PANOCTINE 35 LS doza 2,0kg/t; - SUMI 82 FL doza 1,0l/t; - TIRADIN 70 PUS doza 2,0kg/t; - VITAVAX 200 PUS doza 2,0kg/t;
ORZ: *tratament la cultur cu: -TANGO doza 0,5l/ha -BUMPER SUPER 490 EC doza 0,8l/ha; -CARAMBA 60 SL doza 1,0l/ha; -GRANIT 20 SC doza 0,1l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha.
Tciunele zburtor al grului Denumire tiinific: Ustilago tritici
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei cu: VITAVAX 200 PUS doza 2,0l/t.
Mlura orzului Denumire tiinific: Tilletia pancici
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei cu: - ORIUS ST 2 doza 1,5kg/t; - ORIUS COMBI doza 2,0kg/t.
Tciunele zburtor al orzului Denumire tiinific: Ustilago nuda
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei cu: -RAXIL 2 WS doza 1,5kg/t; -VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,0l/t; -VITALIN 85 PTS doza 3,0kg/t; -SUMI 82 FL doza 1,0l/t; -REAL 200 FS doza 0,2l/t.
Ptarea reticular a frunzelor de orz Denumire tiinific: Pyrenophora teres f.c.
Combatere chimic: *tratament la cultur cu: - - - TANGO doza 0,5l/ha -ARCHER doza 0,8l/ha; -BRIO doza 0,7l/ha; -BUMPER 250 doza 0,5l/ha; -GRANIT 20 doza 0,1l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 doza 1,0l/ha; -SPORTAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha;
*tratamentul seminei cu: - ORIUS ST 2 WSdoza 1,5kg/t; - ORIUS COMBI doza 2,0kg/t; - SUMI 82 FL doza 1,0l/t; - VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,0l/t.
Arsura frunzelor de orz Denumire tiinific: Rhynchosporium secalis
Combatere chimic: *tratament la cultur cu: - TANGO doza 0,5l/ha; -ARCHER 425 doza 0,8l/ha; -BUMPER SUPER 490 EC doza 0,8l/ha; -CAROBEN 57 PTS doza 2,5kg/ha; -*tratamentul seminei cu: -SUMI 82 FL doza 1,0l/t; -VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,0l/t.
Piticirea i sterilitatea ovzului Denumire tiinific: Oat sterile dwarf virus
Prevenire: -cerealele de toamn se nsmneaz n prima decad a lunii octombrie, iar cele de primvar ct mai timpuriu; -distrugerea samulastrei de gru i de orz de pe toate suprafeele care au fost cultivate cu cereale; - n toamn dac se nregistreaz zbor puternic de afide, un sigur tratament cu insecticide este suficient.
Ptarea i uscarea frunzelor de porumb Denumire tiinific: Helminthosporium turcicum
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei cu: -CAROBEN 75 PTS doza 2,5kg/t; -METOBEN 70 PU doza 2,0kg/t; -TIRADIN 70 PUS doza 3,5kg/t; -TIRAME 60 PTS doza 3,0kg/t; -VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,5kg/t.
Tciunele comun al porumbului Denumire tiinific: Ustilago maydis
Prevenire: - artura adnc dup recoltare; -evitarea monoculturii, a gunoiului de grajd proaspt, a rnirii plantelor; -aplicarea ngrmintelor n doze moderate; -cultivarea de hibrizi rezisteni.
Putregaiul tulpinilor i tiuleilor Denumire tiinific: Gibberella zeae f.c. Fusarium graminearum
Combatere chimic: *tratamente la semine mpotriva bolilor cu:
-CAROBEN 75 PTS doza 2,5kg/t; -ROYAL FLO 42 S doza 3,5l/t; -TIRADIN 70 PUS doza 3,5kg/t; -TIRADIN 500 SC doza 3,5kg/t; -VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,5kg/t.
nflorirea alb a boabelor Denumire tiinific: Gibberella fujikuroi f.c. Fusarium moniliforme
Combatere chimic: *tratamente la semine mpotriva bolilor cu: -CAROBEN 75 PTS doza 2,5kg/t; -ROYAL FLO 42 S doza 3,5l/t; -TIRADIN 70 PUS (tiram 70%), doza 3,5kg/t; -VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,5kg/t.
Mana florii-soarelui Denumire tiinific: Plasmopara helianthi
Combatere chimic: *tratamente la semine mpotriva bolilor cu: GALBEN 35 SD doza 4,0kg/t.
Ptarea brun a frunzelor i frngerea tulpinilor Denumire tiinific: Diaporthe helianthi f. c. Phomopsis helianthi
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: -BAYCOR 300 EC doza 2l/ha; -COEBEL EC doza 0,8l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -PUNCH 40 EC doza 0,4l/ha; -SPORTHAK 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -STRATEGO 250 EC doza 0,8l/ha; -TRIFMINE 30 WP doza 1,0kg/ha.
Putregaiul cenuiu al florii-soarelui Denumire tiinific: Botrytis cinerea
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -TOPSIN 70 PU doza 1,0kg/ha; *tratamentul seminei cu: -MAGNATE 50 EC (doza 1,0l/t; -METOBEN 70 PU doza 2,0kg/t; -ROVRAL 50 PU doza 2,0kg/t; -VITAVAX 200 FF doza 2,0l/t.
Alternarioza florii-soarelui Denumire tiinific: Alternaria helianthi
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei cu: - ROVRAL FLO 42 S doza 2,5l/t.
Cderea plntuelor de sfecl Denumire tiinific: Pythium sp. Rhizoctonia sp. Fusarium sp.
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei cu: -DITHANE M 45 doza 8,0kg/t -TIRADIN 500 SC doza 10,0l/t -TIRAMET 60 PTS doza 5,0kg/t; -VALIDACIN 3 S doza 3,0l/t; -VONDOZEB doza 8,0kg/t.
Mana sfeclei de zahr Denumire tiinific: Peronospora schachtii
Prevenire: -asolamentul culturilor; -ngroparea resturilor vegetale prin artur adnc; -nutriie echilibrat cu NPK; -evitarea excesului de azot; -cultivarea de soiuri i hibrizi cu rezisten genetic. Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: FUNGURAN OH 50 WP doza 4,0kg/ha.
Finarea sfeclei de zahr Denumire tiinific: Erysiphe betae
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: BAYCOR 300 EC doza 2,0l/ha; IMPACT doza 0,5l/ha; SCORE doza 0,3l/ha; TANGO doza 0,75l/ha THIOVIT doza 5,0kg/ha; TILT 250 EC doza 0,3l/ha.
Putregaiul inimii de sfecl Denumire tiinific: Pleospora betae
Prevenire: -asolamentul culturilor; -se vor aplica msuri agrofitotehnice adecvate pentru dezvoltarea viguroas a rdcinilor; -irigarea i nutriia optim evit ofilirea plantelor; -cultivarea de soiuri i hibrizi cu rezisten genetic. Combatere chimic: *tratamentul seminei: TIRADIN 500 SC doza 10,0l/t; TIRAMET 60 PTS doza 5,0kg/t.
Cercosporioza sfeclei de zahr Denumire tiinific: Cercospora beticola
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: BAYCOR 300 EC doza 2,0l/ha; BRAVO 500 SC doza 1,5-2,0l/ha; BRESTAN 60 WG doza 0,5kg/ha; PUNCH 40 EC doza 7,0l/ha; SCORE doza 0,3l/ha; TANGO SUPER doza 1,0l/ha; (tiofanatmetil 20%+tiram 40%) doza 5,0l/t.
*tratamentul seminei cu: - TIRADIN 500 SC doza 10,0l/t; - TIRADIN 70 PUS doza 8,0l/t; - TIRAMET 60 PTS doza 5,0l/t.
Mana cartofului Denumire tiinific: Phytophtora infestans
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: -ACROBAT MZ 90/600 WP doza 2,0kg/ha; -ANTRACOL 70 WP doza 1,5-2,0kg/ha; -BRAVO 500 SC doza 2,0kg/ha; -BRESTAN 60 WG doza 0,6kg/ha; -CHAMPION 50 WP doza 3,0 g/ha; -CURZATE doza 2,5kg/ha -DITHANE M doza 2,0kg/ha -MIKAL M doza 3,5kg/ha;
Alternarioza cartofului Denumire tiinific: Alternaria solani
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: - ALTIMA 500 SC doza 0,3-0,4l/ha; - ALCUPRAL 50 PU doza 4,0-5,0kg/ha; - ANTRACOL 70 WP doza 1,5-2,0kg/ha; - BRAVO 500 doza 2,0kg/ha; - BRESTAN 60 WG doza 0,6kg/ha; -DITHANE M 45 doza 2,0kg/ha -POLYRAM DF doza 1,8kg/ha;.
Fuzarioza cartofului Denumire tiinific: Fusarium solani
Prevenire: -folosirea tuberculilor sntoi la plantere; -la recoltare, transportare i nsilozare se va evita rnirea tuberculilor; -silozul de depozitare s aib ventilaie mecanic i temperatur de 1-5 grade Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: ROVRAL 50 WP doza 0,8kg/ha.
Finarea rapiei Denumire tiinific: Erysiphe cruciferarum
Prevenire: se recomand: -artura adnc, semnat timpuriu i tratarea seminelor; -combaterea buruienilor; -cultivarea de soiuri i hibrizi cu rezisten genetic. Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: -FOLICUR SOLO 250 EW doza 1,0l/ha; -MYCOGUARD 500 SC doza 3,0l/ha.
Putregaiul alb al rapiei Denumire tiinific: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: -FOLICUR SOLO 250 EW doza 1,0l/ha; -MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -ROVRAL 50 PU doza 1,5-2,0kg/ha; -TOPSIN 70 PU doza 1,0kg/ha;
- *tratamentul seminei cu: - ROVRAL 50 PU doza 1,0kg/t; - TIRDIN 75 PUS doza 2,5kg/t.
Putregaiul cenuiu al rapiei Denumire tiinific: Botrytis cinerea
Combatere chimic: *tratamentul culturii cu: -FOLICUR SOLO 250 EW doza 1,0l/ha; -- MIRAGE 45 EC doza 1,0l/ha; -MYCOGUARD 500 SC doza 3,0l/ha; -*tratamentul seminei cu: - ROVRAL 50 PU doza 1,0kg/t.