UDe 886.1.09-32 Matavulj S.

EOKEJbCKE HOBEJIE CMME MATABYJbA

FopaH AfaKcuMoeun

CA)KETAK: I1HTeprrpeTanIBHO-aH&111TWIKJ1M nocrynxoxt 113-nsojeno je ocaxr MaTaBYJbeBJ1X aosena ca TeMaTl1KOM J13 60KeJbCKOr)l{l1BOTa (Eooynuua, Jbytiae nuje uiana HU y PeOeCUl-bY, Bypo KOKOill,Hoeu ceujeiil y ctuapou P030ueKY, jJp Ilaono, jJ02aljaju y Ceouy, IIp-eu Eoxcuh na uopy, 3eOHO) , a 3aTl1M je YKa3aHO na OCHOBHe ana-raj-xe I-hl1XOBe YMjeTHJ1llKe crpyxrype (TJ1rrOflOlIlKO-)l{aHpOBCKe oco6e-HOCTJ1, TeMaTCKO-MOTJ1BCKJ1 croton, KOMrr0311Ul1ja, opMe npanosn-jenan,a, crojna rasxa npanomenasa, KapaKTep113aUJ1ja jynaxa, KO-MWlHa cpeztcrsa).

KJbYl..lHE PI1JEl..lI1: DOKa Koropcxa, Xepuer HOBJ1, P030-nex, Pefiecnn,e, Ceoue, Jlenerane, TIeTKoBHua, HOBeJIa, KOMJ1lIHO.

MaKO je penl.OHaJIH3aM jeLI,HO OLI, rrperr03HaTJbHBHX rroeUFIKHX 06l1Jbe)f{jacprtcxor peamrasra, pnjctxn cy cpncxn peaJIl1CTH KOjl1 cy ca TOJIl1KO ycrrjexal1 YMjeTHl1YKe OpHrHHaJIHOCTH YHOCl1JIl1 pa3JIl1Yl1Te l1 pasnonpcne npocrope ycpncxy Kl-bl1)f{eBHOCT xao lIITO je TO YHHl10 Cl1MO Maranyn, (1852-1908)."HHKOjI1 Haw rrpoann nncan mtie y CBOM LI,eJIy TaKO yjeLI,l1Hl10 cpncxn na-POLI,", Hl1Tl1 My je "TOJIl1KO npounrpno reorparpcxe l1 ernorpadicxc MHCJIl1 ... " 1Ilopezt 3aBl1yajHe llaJIMaul1je l1 p0LI,HOra Lllutiennxa, Kojl1Ma je rrOCBeTl10 po-MaH Bakon.a drpa Epne, amue l13BPCHl1X HOBeJIa (llOljjJbeafbU eutuesoeu, Cep-suuaniiiuja, EyKaH Cxaxaeau YCKpC Ilunuua Bpneuie, Iloeapeiua, [JU/lUUeHaa,Hauoieociiieo, Ouacouau U Buna, PKanKU uaiupujapx... HTlI.), xao l1 l1Mrrpe-CHBHa no-rerna nornasn.a ayrocnorpadicxo-veaoapcxor cmrca Bun.euoce jeo-H02 iiucua, Maranyn. ce xao rnrcau 1I0CTOjHO OLI,y)f{l10 l1 OHl1M CpeLI,l1HaMa yKojl1Ma je y pa3JIl1Yl1TI1M )f{HBOTHI1M LI,06l1Ma xacnnje )f{HBl10 H panno: Xep-uer HOBOM H EOKl1 KOTOpCKOj (1874-1881), Ilermr.y H UpHOj Fopn (1881-1889), Eeorpany l1 Cpfiajtr, rnje je rrpO)f{HBHO nOCJbelIl-bIIX LI,BaneCeTaK ronn-na )f{IIBOTa 110 npepane II HeOyeKI1BaHe CMpTII 1908. rOLI,IIHe. Haxo je pOMaH-TI1YHOj CJII1UH Llpne rope rrOCBeTIIO smue npnnosienaxa (Ha Baincu oan,Ceeiua oceeiiia, Ko je 6oJbu?, KaKO ce Ilauiunne O:JK:eHU/lO... IITLI,.) , zraa poxratra(YCKOK, J/,eceill 20aUHa y Maepuiuauujus, II uajselu: 1I1I0 neaaspuremrx EUJbe-:JK:aKa jeouo iiucua, a Eeorpany, rropen 6pOjHlIX rrpuua (KapaKTepl1CTIIYHe cy,

I MIL'IaH KawaHIIH, YCKOK, Cyn.61IHe 11 JbYLIH, Ilpocsera, Eeorpaa 1968. 181.

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na rrpnvjep, nsuje 3611pKe: Jf3 tieoepaocxoe :JfCueOULQ /1891/ 11 Beoepaooceupuse /1902/), 11 jenny npaxry (Ha cnaeu), Hl1 0 jeznrov npocropy Maraayrsnnic rmcao ca TOJIl1KO onyurean.eu,a 11 cnvnarnja (MO)f(JIa ce TO MO)l{e yno-pemrm CaMO ca CpeMqeBl1M 3aHOCOM npezt Hl1WOM) KaO 0 Xepuer HOBOM,o qYlIeCHOM npocropy Eoxe Koropcxe, 0 DOKeJbl1Ma 11 l-bl1XOBOM cprrcrny.Fonnue npoaenetre y bOKl1, "y HajlIl1BHl1jeM xpajy cpncxe 3eMJbe, na jyxcnojrpouchn", Marasyn, y Bun.euncaua jeimo: iiucua naMHI. xao najn.euum 11110cnoje MJIaliOCTl1, nocnnje xoje cy My npnn lIaHl1 na Ilcrmt.y 611JIl1 MYl.lHl1 YCBaKOM norneny.?

o cprrcuoj bOKl1, "HeBjeCTl1 Janpana", KaKO joj je HalIaXHYTO njesaoAJIeKca IIIaHTl1n y njecvn EOKa 1906. ronune, nl1CaJIl1 cy MHOrl1 CpnCKl1 nn-CUl1 (liOBOJbHO je nOMeHYTl1 caxro Byxa Kapaunha, Tlerpa II TIeTpOBl1na I-be-roura, Jbyriosnrpa Heuanoanha, Crerpana Ml1TpOBa Jbytimuy, Byxa Bp-renu-ha, MIDI.aHa JOBaHOBl1na Mopcxor, BJIalIl1KY Hl1KOJIaja Be.un-nrponnha, Ml1-nonra Llpn.ancxor, na npavjcp). CaM Maranvn. joj je nOCBeT110 cenav HOBe-JIa, 113Me1)y KOjl1X cy nojerume Yl1CTl1HY aHTOJIOrl1jcKe (Eoaymlu,a, fby6ae nujeljJQ/W HU Y Petiecutey, Bypo KOKOUi, Hoeu ceujetu y ctuapou P030ueKY) IIp JIao-J1O, JJozaljaju y Ceou,y, Ilpeu EO:JfCun na stopy), Ilorahajn y HOBeJIl1 3eOHO Heozranjajy ce uenocpenno y DOKl1 Hero y ccny cMjewTeHoM na jcnnoxr 011 60-KeJbCKl1X Bl1COBa, aJIl1 je nOCMaTpaMO y OKBl1PY jezraucreenor 60KeJbCKOr Te-MaTCKor xpyra. Y HOBeJIl1 Eoeopoouua Tpojepyuuua jenan 011 jynaxa, CTapHBoxen, 11BO, onnexyrt je "OLl, KOTOpCKl1jex crpana", aJIl1 rrOWTO l1CnpWIaHl1norahaj mrjc cvjeurren y Boxy 11 He xasyje nenocpenno 0 l-beHHM JbYlIHMa Hnpannxava, Hl1CMO je YKJbyql1JIl1 y nanenemr TeMaTCKl1 xpyr. Ilopen rora,DOKl1 KOTOpCKOj je nocsehena 11 jezma ernorparpcxo-nyrortncna CTYlIHja nonHaCJIOBOM EOKa u EOKelbU (1893), 1I0K je y EU/beWKaMa jeono: iiucua rpehenornaan.e y Ul1jeJIOCTH ornrcyje nl1WQeB 60paBaK 11 )l{HBOT Y Xepuer HOBOM11 DOKl1 KOTOpCKOj.

TIperr03HaTJbl1Ba cy rpn jelIl1HCTBeHa YMjeTHl1QKa 06HJbe)l{ja MaTaBYJbe-Bl1X 60KeJbCKHX HOBeJIa: 3aHl1MJbl1BOCT norahaja, He06HQHOCT JIHKOBa, aYTeH-Tl1QHOCT rrpocropa. Y rrojelIl1Hl1M HOBeJIaMa nprmonjena-nca naxosa npesac-XOliHO je ycstjcpcna na xaparcrepaaaunjy jynaxa H persedmo 06JIl1KOBal-be l-b11-XOBl1X noprpera, lIITO je Ha3HaQeHO Ben y caMHM HaCJlOBHMa: EOaYJlUu,a)Ey-po KOKOUi) JJp IIaoJ1o. Y npyruua je, otter, y HapaTl1BHOMe CpelIl1WTY Ka311Ba-l-be 0 He06wIHl1M norahajnva: fby6ae nuje waJ1Q HU y Petiecioey, Hoeu ceujeiiiy ctuapou P030ueKY, Iloeahaju y Ceou,y, Ilpeu EO:JfCun ua JHOpy, 3eOHO. Oc06e-HOCTH yMjeTHw-IKe crpyrcrype 1I0rrpl1HOCH 11 jemmcrnena rr0311Ul1ja npavarn-30BaHor rrpnnosjena-ra (HeOBl1CHO 011 rora zta JIl1 ce nojaun.yje xao cseauajy-nl1 uaparop l1Jll1 HerrOY31IaHl1 yMeTHyTl1 npn-ranau) , 1I0Ml1HaUl1ja uaparnnne,necxpnrrrunne 11 1I11jaJIOWKe cPopMe npanoanjenan-a, re yrnaauov jelIl1HCTBe-na 11 npertoanarn.nna KOMn03HU110Ha 0611,'be)l{ja: npeuarnaurena eKCrr03HUl1-ja, ediexran aarmer, HeOQeKl1BaHH npeosper, errl1JIOWKl1 pacnner.

2 CH\1O MaTaBY,D. E1Lbefl/Ke jeonoe UUC1{G. Cpncxa KI-bYDKeBHOCT. Mexroapn, !IHeBHHllll.ayrofinorpadinje , KJ-b. 13, HOJJlIT. Eeorpaa 1988. 71-72.

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I

ITo apexieny HaCTaHKa EOaY/1UU.a je npsa Maranyn.esa 60KeJbCKa HOBeJIa11 jeLIHoBpeMeHO npao J-beroBo np03HO ocrsapen-e xoje jacno naronjenrranaLIa je npnjcne IIIUIILfeBOr CTBapaJIay.KOr JIYTaJ-ba OKOHLfaHO H zta ce palja BeJIH-KI1 MajcTop cpncxe npose.' Oojaarsena je y 6eOrpaLICKOM -racomrcy Ooje1887. rOLIHHe, najnpnje non HaCJIOBOM 'iyonoeaiuo tiptucocouuiaanuje, a Bennapenne rOLII1He, nOLI yMjeTHI1y.KI1 ycnjennjn, LIaHaIllJ-bI1M HaCJIOBOM, H xaourecra npn-ra y npsoj KJ-bH3H 36HpKe J/3 Llpne rope u Ilpuuopja.

IToce6HOCTl1 YMjeTHHLfKe CTpYKTYpe Eooynuue HapOLfHTO LIOnpl1HOCH LIBO-crpyxa npnnosjena-nca navjepa: xa crnaparsy HOBeJIe y y.l1jeM CpeLII1IllTy je06JIHKOBaJ-be xapaxrepa rnasne jynaxmse, "HaCTpaHe" P03e, 60lIYJIHue (LIO-mrsaronse ca OCTpBa Brrca), H Kpy.MapHue y Ka>aHH Koo eeCe/102 upnapa, KO-ja je CBOjOM nojason ,,3aLfHJ-baJIa" rpazt HOBH H 6HJIa n.erosa ,,3HaMeHl1-TOCT"; 11 xa 06JIHKOBaJ-by ujeJlOBI1Te npyurrnene cmnce jenner rrpocropa y KO-jeM ce rcadiana Koo eeCe/102 upuapa H WapOJIHKH cnnjer KOjH je rrpOJIa3HOKp03 lhy nojaun.yje xao aYTeHTHLfHa MeToHI1Ml1jcKa npojexrtnja rora BP~MeHa.4

Y OCHOBH HOBemICTHy.Ke npnpone snjex ce HaJIa311 HeKI1 y.YLIHOBaT, rrocnexty He06I1LfaH, LIOTaLI HeBI1l)eH 11 "HeLfYBeH ztoraljaj KOjl1 ce oznrrpao", 5 naLfeMy je y CBOjOj cyurrmm 3aCHOBaHa 11 Maraayrsena Eooynuua. OCHOBHl1 na-paTl1BHl1 aanner narpahen je na Ka311BalhY 0 "L!YLIHOBaTOM 6paKOCOLfl1TaHl1jy"113Mel)y P03e 11 Pa)1YJla ITl1BOLIl1na, a paann-mre yMjeTHI1LfKe rexose, xa 06-JIHKOBaJ-bY HOBeJle xapaxrepa 11 xa 06JIl1KOBalhY zrpyurrsetre HOBeJIe, )10npH-noce 11 nocefinocrn yMjeTHI1y.Ke CTpyKTYpe. HapOy.I1TO ce TO omena na nna-ny HOBeJIHCTl1y.Ke KOMrr0311UHje, y KOjOj je YBOnHl1 HJIH eKCrr0311U110Hl1 .IJ:110npenarnauren 11 pasnnjen TOJll1KO LIa savanra nehy rrOJIOBl1HY HOBeJIe, a y>YHKUl1jl1 je 06JlHKOBalha pen.edmor rroprpera rJIaBHe jynaxmse, aJIl1 11 60-KeJbCKOr ztpynrrnenor aM611jeHTa 11 npocropa. 3arrJIeT I1Jll1 cpennnm,a )1110HOBeJle CaCBl1M je y6p3aH 11 nponcnrse H3 y0611LfajeHe TeXHl1Ke HOBeJIl1CTl1Lf-xor 06pTa 3aCHOBaHor na rrpovjemt y y0611y.ajeHoM nonarnan.y jynaxnn-e,xao narosjeurrajy xacnnjer CeH3aU110HaJIHOr ztorahaja, HeOLfeKHBaHor rro-nparxa Panyna ITHBOLIl1na HaKOH LIBa.IJ:eCeT LIBl1je roLII1He CTpaHCTBOBalha noCBl1jeTY, a najamue y AMepl1UI1. Tpehn HOBeJIl1CTl1LfKl1 .IJ:110 CaCBl1M je y CKJla-LIY ca rrpHpOLIOM HapaTI1BHOr ermnora. Hcrrpnuan je HaKOH BpeMeHCKe LII1C-ranue 0)1 nBl1je rOLII1He, jep je LIpaMaT1130BaHl1 traparop, KOjl1 je, nnase, He-nOCpe.IJ:Hl1 11 onymenn.euu n03HaBaJIau rnasne jYHaKI1J-be 11 csjenox ncrtpnsa-

3 "Ca EOiJYjlUU,OM MaTaBYJh je xperryo aa IlYT zra 6M rtponaurao BeJIMKOr Marasyn,a, on-ml'-IHor npnnoajena-ra J1 MajCTopa CJ1TyaUJ1je, cuene, npnsopa." (CTaHKo Kopah, Kiuoceeno oje-,10 Cuue Maiuaeyn.a, Cpncxa KfuM)KeBHa sanpyra, Beorpaa 1982, 33).

4 "PaLIOM na noprpery OBe KplJ~1apJ1ue y KOMe ce 113JIMO IlpJ1TajeHJ1 XYMOP CMMe Marasy-rsa, Llo6MJIa ce 60ja -nrrase HOBJhaHCKe CpeLlJ1He. MMpMC J1 6oja, )KJ1BOTHe J1JIycTpaUJ1je re cpe-nMHe aTpaKTMBHJ1je cy y OBOj npI1IlOBeUJ1 OLl fueHe rpafiyne, MaLIa je noprper xpsxrapaue ca csojecrpane perserpno J13rpa1)eH, nyn )KMBOTa, )KI1BOTHe MCTMHMTOCTI1 11 Y IlpMMOpCKOM CTJ1JIY OpJ1-rMHaJIaH." (BeJTJ16op I'mrropah, CUMO Mataaeyn; CpnCKI1 peaJIl1CTI1, Ilpocsera, Beorpaa 1954,316).

5 Jeneasap MeJIeTJ1HCKI1, Hctaopujctca uoetuuxa noeene, Marnua cpncxa, HOBI1 Can 1996,218. Ilpesena: PaLI~1M)Ia MelJaHJ1H.

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nor norahaja, OTlHlIaO 113 HOBOr OliMax no PalIYJIOBOM rronparxy, a ermnor yKojeM je CalIP)KaH jour Y:YlIHl1jl1 ztorahaj 113 P0311He )Kl1BOTHe cY1I611He casnaieOll cny-tajnor rrYTHl1Ka 113 Xepuer HOBOr. PalIYJIe je 1I06110 C Iycjenuuonantipa-mor Cl1Ha, a P03a ce "yrrl1fla y KOnl1JIe", CaCBl1M sanewapnna 11 OCTa-Bl1JIa KaQJaHy, 11 6pl1He ce 0 I-beMy xao zta ra je OHa p01Il1JIa.

AKo YBOlIHl1 l1JIl1 eKCn0311U110Hl1 lIYlO EoiJY/LUu,e nOCMaTpaMO l13 nep-cnexrnse HapaTl1BHOr speuena l1 ztsa npeoanahyjyha anna y xojusta ce npn-nonnjerran,e crnaurasa (canaunser Yl npouuror), ouna MO)KeMO rOBOpl1Tl1 Yl 0nocrojan.y lIBOCTpyKe eKCn0311Ul1je: upocuextuuene Yl peiupocuetciuuene.

Ilpoctietciuueuy etccuosuuujy ca-unsaaajy lIBa yMjeTHl1Y:Ka nnana - a\1611-jeHTaJIHl1 l1JIl1 OnWTl1 nJIaH 11 - ncnXOJIOWKYl YlJIn nnan apaxrcpnsaunje jy-naxa; y cpcnnurry npsora je orntc HOBCKora rpancxor rpra, xao aM6njeHTa yxojev je cvjeurrena n KaQJaHa KorJ eecenoe upuapa; y cpennnrry ztpyrora jecava r.nasna jynaxnn,a P03a n 06JInKOBaI-be n.enora He06Yl4HOr xapatcrepa nnpornnypje-me )KYlBOTHe cY1I6YlHe.

OrrWTYl n.nan npocnexrtrane eKCrr03l1UHje nnje cavo y QJyHKUYljYl npo-cropne aM611jeHTaUYlje, Malia je y l-beMy canpxcan npeU113aH orrnc xranenorrpancxor rpra ("npOCTpaH neh xao WTO cy CBYl TprOBYl y CTapl1M rpanonava:neceras nrpa-ra xrorno 6H ry 3aBp0l1 KO.10, xan 6Yl ce CBaK npyrn OlIaTJIeYKJlOHl10")6 H rpahenuna xoje cy ra OKpy)KHBaJIe ("Ty je 11 OHa upKBHHa 113HeMaI-bl1HOr 1I06a. Ha n.oj, 0 rpary I-beKOflYlKO roztuna, 6jewe 03HlIaHa xyha,rra ce HeWTO HOBJbaHl1Ma cannie zta 060pe xyhy, a na CTapOMe TeMeJbY rro-mmry HOBy UpKBy" /246/), a Hap0411TO OHl1CKe xyhe C y:eTHpl1 nposopa 11sparuva na 06JIyK na py6y rpra, xoja je 3aKJIaI-baJIa nomen na Mope, a y KO-joj ce HaJIa3YlJIa KaQJaHa Koo 8ece.102 upnapa, no yHyTpaWI-bOCTYl CaCBl1M06WIHor usr.rena, xao 6HJIO xoja npyra npnvopcxa KpY:Ma, Hero je l1 y QJYHK-UYljYl npmcaaanan,a MeHTaJIl1TeTa MjewTaHa, KOjH nnje HYlWTa npyra-mjn, HH60JbH HH ropn, Oll MeHTaJIYlTeTa cpncxor HaUl10Ha KojeM cy rtpnnananu.Ilpeno-reno je TO yrrpaso Kp03 OliHOC npeva nonpaarsan.y ,,3alIY)K6l1He He-MaI-bl1He", KOjOj cy npncryrrnrm C BeJIHKl1M onyurenn.eu.ev, 3.1Yl je OHO y6p30CnJIacHyJIO, npl1JI03Yl npecaxnynu H rpaheamra 3aCTaJIa na -texa nexa 60Jbaapeuena: "IIho MHCJIl1llIe TO Yl '" aartoxeme, ITa TaKO H OCTaBHwe, rta he ra-KO 1I0y:eKaTYl Yl ynyxe I-bHXOBe. BJIalIl1Ka 6JIarOCJIOBYl rexrers, 3YlliapYl nonnro-we 3l11I, KOJIHKO 6H ce 40BjeK xrorao 3aKJIOHHTl1, a OCT3.1:0 ... Hexrojre ce TOMeY:YlIl1Tl1. Ta l1 HOBJbaHl1 cy caxro Cp6Yl, a 3alIY)K6YlHa HeMaI-bHHa nortpann.ace npnnonoaa!" (246)

Ilcuxononuor nJIaH npocncxrnane excnosnunje y 3HaKy je xapaxrepma-unje Kp4Mapl1ue P03e, xoja CBOjOM nojanosr ,,3aY:l1I-ba" arxroctpepy y TOj ca-CBl1M 06HY:HOj ttpnxiopcxoj KaQJaHYl. Marasyn, I-beHOMe noprpery npncrynaYl3 pa3fll1Y:YlTHX yrnosa l1 pa3HOBpCHHM YMjeTHYlY:Kl1M cpencrmrva. IloJIa3Huajnpnjc on QJ113WIKOr ormca: "OHa je M3.1:eHa H ne)KMeHKaCTa. Hoc joj jexyxacr, 0Y:l1 cnjcpc, aJIl1 nornezt BeOMa )KYlB. He.no joj npOCTpaHO l1 cseneno,xao y xaxnor rp-ncor MYlIpaua" (247). 3aTHM npeUH3HO npmcasyje HaY:HH na

6 CI1MO Marasyn., Ilecetii ZOaUHO y M06pUWOHUjU, TIpI1TIOBeTKe, Caopaua nena Ill, Ilpo-CBeTa. Eeorpan 1953. 246. Penaxropn: lIP BH)lO Jlarxonnh 11 Eysa Paaonnh. (CBH KaCHl1jH Ul1-TaTH Marasyrseanx 60KeJbCKl1X nosena npeyseru cy 113 I1CTOra 1131laJ-ba. Epoj y sarpann HaKOHHaBOlIa oanasaua npeysery crpauy.)

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KOjM ce -reuin.ana "no CTapOM MJICTay.KOM 06My.ajy": "Koce je pa311,MjeJIMJIa nocpajezm, na je aaauna M npnnnjenuna 6yHy.eJIe na WYlpOKe cnnjene OY.M, ane6eJlY nJIeTeHYlUY CaBMJIa na 3anIJbKY, na Y TY ryxy ynjeuvna 1KeHCKM -re-uran," (247). Ila 6M CBe TO OKOHy.ao pacnpanoxr 0 narrreny rscnora onnjena,y.Ylja ce fioja MYljel-baJIa KaKO 6M cBjeTJIOCT cJIa611je YlJIYI ja-re nanana na I-by, YInarahau.cxr 0 TOMe KOJIYlKO 611 ronnua xrorno 6MTYI Kpy.MapHUH: "On rpnne-ceT H -ierpnccer M ner xtorao 6M ce y.OBjeK YCTaBYlTH na xojy My ce csulja, nana MMCJIM e je TaKO. EYlJIO je JbYlll1 npocnjezrajcx, KOjM je ananujaxy raxy, xanOHH 6jexy 6e36pul1. EYlJIO je xceua, Ben CBeKpBa, xoje cy ce KJICJIe na M Henaxrre xaa je P03a noin.ra y HOBI1" (247). YKpaTKo je 11 rOTOBO xapmcarypan-HO CKI1UHpaH H enH30nHM, Mana aa HOBeJIHCTWIKI1 ennnor 6MTaH JIMK P03M-He rynornane cnyuncnn.e, "KOjy roCTM He snaxy llpyKl.JMje no Iycjenuua, jep6jewe TaHKa M ncnpenena - rOTOBO nnanyr llY'lKa 011 rasnapnue, HaKO je 6M-IIa no ronnnava uypuua" (248). Hsenoj cxmjeumoj nojasn HapOy'I1TO je no-rrpHHOCHJlO cnnjeaan.c y 113HOWeHe P03Y1He xan.une: "CYKl-ba joj jezraa no-xpnsaure KOJbeHa, a pyKaBI1 jenaa MHMO JTaKTe, a CBe ce MOTawe OKO n.e"(248).

KOMwlKa cpcncrsa ;.rOJIa3e 110 uspazcaja HapOl.JHTO y enM301IaMa 0 TOMeKaKO je Kpy.MapHua "WaJIOM sa-nm.ana' arxrocrpepy y KaaHI1. Ilpn TOMe cenoxaayje HapOl.JHTO lIjeJIOTBOpHI1M MaTaByJbeBO MajCTopcTBO ynorpefie je m-r-KI1X cpencrasa KOMHy.Hor H 1KHBOnMCHa MjewaBI1Ha xepuerosa-ncor C 601IYJI-CKMM rOBOpOl\1. Kpvvapnua P03a je aa CBe rocre HMaJIa noronan HalIHMaK("aKO CYI joj 3HaH, He 30Be Te no MMeHy, Hero KaKO re OHa KpCTHJla" /249/),TeK MMeHOM HHje 3BaJIa nuxora, HHTM je xrje.na xora OCJIOBHTM "rOCnOll,HHe",na na 611 joj "HCTH hecap notnao" (249). "Ko KpOY.YI C npara, OHa ra cperano CBOMe anery: '1I06po noco, 6MJI113Hja! ... K03jM CBeHe! ... Mal-ba MOCKe! .XaplIaJIO~ ... 0, cjop n03MHpeH~... 60HBel-ba, uytipo! ... alIHO, KOHTe!. .. 6apoHe! ..npnnujtrre MOj!... a 1U1 Cl1 MI1 Ben, xrannje cpnacue!' - OMUl1pHMa (na Ma-xap TO 6HO M henepan, a TO ce H lIeWaBaJIO) y CBaKO 1I06a BHl.Je TYT MopreH,Ca6JIHUO!' 11 jour n.eurro, WTO He 6H 6MJIO nnjeno osnie HaBeCTI1" (249). 113-narsue KOjM 6M cnyrajno 6aHYJIl1 11 xoje HI1KalI norazt nnje rnenana npOCTO je11 6e3 aasopa Ha311BaJIa "cjop Beno!", 11 npnje Hero WTO 611 OHI1 11l\1aJIl1 spe-MeHa na ce aa-ryne M 3aYCTe KaKO ce 30By, P03a YlX je sacnrtana pMjey'I1Ma,cjeztana nopen I-bl1X. AKo je 6MJIa 6eCnOCJIeHa, opncana HM je K.l06yK, MJIl1aKO 6M Y0y.l1JIa rnje OTnaJIO nyue, cvjecra ra je npmmrnana. Ilpn TOMe 6M cexao ysrpen Ty1Kl1JIa na ,,3JIe nY)l(HMKe" M KOUKape, na l-bI1XOBe pacnmre ce-He, a nOTOM 6M y I1CTOM a\;Il1JIl1japHoM TOHy l1CnHTaJIa crpanua KO je H OT-KYlIa je, "paWTa je noiuao - na he ra HanyTYlTH 3aWTO rpefia, a H 3aWTO Herpefia, casjeronahe ra H nckahe canjera, a najaan aaapunrhe :vlaCHOM ura-nOM... " (250) 360r rora cy P03Y naMTlUM CBI1 KOjl1 cy MaKap jennon 60paBM-JIM y n.euoj KaaHI1, H 360r Tora je OHa 6MJIa ,,1KHBa 3HaMeHl1TOCT HOBCKa",sajenuo ca CTapOM M MpTBOM rpannnov, ca CaBYlHOM, CyTOpl1HOM 11 MHorol.JMMe y TOMe 60KeJbCKOM rparry.

Y TpeHYTKy BeJIMKMX HCTOPMjCKHX 36MBaI-ba, xao y spnjeve "Kan ce,OHO, 6jewe enema y Boxy MeljyHapollHa JIOTa, pamr npenajc YJlUl1I-ba"(251), xadiaua Koo eecenoe upuapa 6M M cava nocrajana noaopnnua M csje-nOK TMX xpyrmnx cBjeTCKI1X norahaja, aJIl1 ce OnHOC iseae Kpl.JMapl1Ue nnie

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MlIjeIhao npexta rOCTIIMa, MaKap OHl1 6l1JUI 11 casu: allMl1paJIl1. HapO~l1TO jeP03a 6P30 "npl1nl1TOMl1na" OKpaTKOr, rpfiyuracror II na rrpnn rrornen xranocyposor pycxor anjrnpana, "Te je ~IICTO y)Kl1BaO zta ra OHa aazmjeaa" (251).Hasuaana ra je caCBI1M no CBOMe "rOCYllap Tp6YCKO": "A 1111 Cl1 MII, rocynapTp6yCKO? Janna nexa re rroce, jep Cl1 Ml1 3lIBO cpue nOH110~" (251), a 6lInace TOJIHKO cnpnjaren.nna C J-bH:vt na ra je ncnpahana ramnyhn ra no paxrenn-Ma na BeJIIIKO ~YlIO IherOBIIX yrrapaljennx H yxpyhemrx odmunpa.

Ilpasa ysecen.anan.a II KOMH~He crrryaunje npnpchmsana je P03a rOCTH-Ma xadiane OHlIa Kalla 6H HaBpaT110 nOHeKH non. 3alIHpKHBana l1X je ca ra-KBHM 3allOBOJbCTBOM, OC06HTO OHe JIaTl1HCKe, zra cy 6je)KanH 011 Ihe xao onxyre. CaMO WTO 611 npncnrrna non cjeo, P03a 611 rpnana zra ra nOCJIy)KH ca-Ma, na 6H YlIapHJIa y CBOjy xrauncapany: "OHa My ce KJIaJ-ba H MHJIeJIeqe OKOn.era, na 3aOKOJIH oryna, OlIOBYlla, nax najsan rrocpen cpnjene y uajsracnuje.AKo ce CTaHe rpmrrn, onna ce H OHa, T060)Ke, paxcrsvnr, 1136yJbl1 o-m, na cenepe na cas mac: 'A aa-r Tl1 MeHH naxorryjcc, a? l.Ja Ml1CJIl1C, llH carr MJIalla aJIHna a 6e3 My3a, na can aa csaxora, a?' " (252).

Hacyrrpor TOMe, xao ncrpajtry 1IlIMeH3Hjy J-beHOra xapaxrepa, npunosje-lIaq narnaurana npl1JIl1qHY n060)KHOCT. "CBaKy je many Morna nOlIHlIjeTII,ann na ce He uramr C njepor. Hiexove necpern.nxy (6110 je uapCKII qHHOB-HIIK) HIIKall nnje onpOCTHJIa WTO je 6aUHo 3pHO 606a ripen 'HCYKapCTa', naYTYJIIIO nJIaMeH II OKpIhIIO .navrry'' (252). Cnnjeha joj je YBlIjeK ropuna rtpen"HcYKapcToM". Hohy, xan joj can Hl1je XT110 na o-m, a He 611 nxrana C KIIMezta "np06apaTa", ncrpajuo je "qaTIIJIa poaapnje". UpKBy je rrocjelumana 0BeJIIIKIIM npa3HIIUIIMa, nOCTIIJIa je CBaKl1 nerax 11 Cy60Ty, Y3 qaCHII rrocr noTpH nana y nenen,a, a HapOqHTO je UlIjeHIIJIa npaBOCJIaBHy BeJIHKy rocnohy.Cxiarpana jy je HajMlIpaKyJI03HlIjoM CBeTHTeJbKOM 11 penosno Hl1WTa Hl1je je-na YOqlI n.enor npaannxa.

P03lIHa nooponyunrocr 611na je raxohe n03HaTa: "Cy60TOM je zmjennnanpocjaunva no CTOTIIHY nomnha, a OCIIM rora ztaua He 611 rrycrnna yfioranpasnopyxa ca cnojnjex npara - rrpexrna, nonyure, He 6H 6JlarOCJlOBOM npo-nparuna OHO WTO 611 ynnjenuna" (252). ITa IInaK, n.euy ocoficny II pnjerxyCTpaCT, no qeMy je 6lIJIa n03HaTa nananexo, a WTO je 611JIa o-rarnezura KOM-nensaunja aa HeOCTBapeH rroponn-nm 11 eMOTIIBHJ1 )KIIBOT, qlIHIIJIO je TO WTOje "pano KYMOBana xranoj njeua". "Tpe6ano je snnjeru mjopy P03Y xan ofiysertnasy XaJbl1HY 011 TeWKe CBMJle - 'on; npase npasnare MJIeTaUKe CBIIJIe, xojyMM je rroxojan karteran MaTO xyrnrjo y MJIeUIIX, OHe ronmre xart 6Mwe KO-nepa', npa-rame OHa - a y yWM ynjeue KHTIhaCTe Ml1Hl]ywe, KaKO ce KOqO-nepn no yJlMUM, nocehn na KpCT zmjerc. Crora je nOJIOBMHa Honora 3BaweKYMOM, na II crapnjn rocrn" (252-253).

Tlocefinoj peJbeHOCTII jyHaKMI-bIIHOr xapaxrepa 1I0npl1HOCM Ka311BaIhe 0TOMe KaKO je nonana nocnonae KIhlIre 11 KaKO ce 60pMJIa npOTIIB ,,3JIIIX rtyxc-HIIKa". Byrryln zta je 6lIJIa rrermcxrena, rrpasy Many rainy npencrann.ao je na-qMH na KOjlI je P03a naMTl1JIa H aamrcnsana csojc ll)')KHIIKe. 3a xpynuujenOCJIOBe II zryroaan,a, xao II aa nOCJlOBHY nperrncxy ca TpCTOM H ca npnjare-JbIIMa, CJIy)KMO je HeKII mjop 3aHeTO, "H3rHaHl1 CYllCKII npMCTaB", ann je Po-aa ztpxcana H CBOj paoour y 06JIMKy upne ha-rxe Ta6JIe, na KojeM je mapana,noverana II 6plIcana "qYllHe 3HaKOBe", a lla HMKOMe HMje xTjeJIa rroBjepMTM

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urra je TO: "Ty cy HI rrOTe311 y CBaKOM rrpanny, KpCTOBl1 Kpl1Bl1 11 KOCII,3Bje3LUwe, rra curta n.exaxae poryrse II uncopnnje. Iberor cy rOCTIi narahannna he TO 611TM KaKBM norajmr nyronn, npyru MI1WJbaxy na rujev OHa 6l1Jbe-lKl1 1l06l1T 11 ry6l1T - naxne 611flaHC" (253). 11 6e3 rora P03a je l1Marra ztofiponanhen,e, rra je 'cIeCTO ncnpann.ana norpeunce 3aHeToBe, a "Marry" nnje HI1-xan nyurrana cava na cpauynasa. Je1lMHO 6M ce yae-re "Ma.110 rroopxana", aa-TO "TheKe fiexpnje najmoxe BpCTe 11 He nonaxcaxy Hero rana, rra cy ce jasnoXBaJIl1JII1 na joj y TO 1l06a xrory 3aHl1jenl 6apeM rpchnny onora WTO normjy''(253).

11 rrpOTI1B ,,3J1I1X llYlKHI1Ka", KOjl1X je 6MJIO 3al1CTa Y!Roro, P03a ce 60-pana na CBOj Ha'cIMH. Hnje I1X rOHI1JIa CY1l0M, ann I1X je "rplll1JIa jasno, kan-ron 611 joj ce npnmrxa nana" (253). Kan 611 ce HeKOM Cyr-lI-bI1BOM llYlKHI1KYnaxyrnro paooiu, P03a 611 My I1CrrOCTaBI1Jla pasyn, a xan 611 ce 06aBe3Ho osajno-reo 3aKfl11ThaTl1 KaKO he nnartrrn 'cIl1M 1l01)e 110 HOBua, OHa 611 rinauyna l1aacnrtana ra rpnn.ava rrpOTI1B CTapl1X CBOjl1X llYlKHl1Ka KOjl1 cy je npenapnmr11 OTl1111JIl1 Y cnnjer: "l.lMM, je JIl1? KOJII1KO I1X ce KfleJIO: nahy, YI1M TO, YI1MOBO!? OHa norpna ajYHTO (ahynro, CYllCKI1 npncras) aap mrje rOBOpI10: TIo-cnarjy, P03a, 'cIMM 1l01ljeM y fly6pOBHI1K. TIa? Ilenecer nnrnrx qmjopMHaT!Anyx! Onaj rytiaan cjop- Kl1Ke eTO je rrotinrao nanopoxr, Hl1je l1 OH sacnn,acenecerl? Orraj japan... Hrn., 113pe1)a I1X y nyurax nonopxy, a CBaKOMe rtpn-njeue WTO ra l1lle ... " (254).

Peiupocuetciuuena etccuosuuuja y nonenu Eooynuua I1Ma nsojaxy yMjeT-HI1'cIKY

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ua, a pyxasu ryu.a Ml1MO JIaKTe"), a rrOTOM rrpcnaan na n.erone MeHTaJIHexapaxrepncrmce, narnauranajyhn npnjexy xonanocxy napas (sen rpehera na-na 611JIl1 cy ra Cl1Tl1 CSl1 I-berOSl1 SPCHl1Ul1 11 HOSCKl1 ncn, Morao je na ,,3rOLJ:116y6YJbeM xy-re, rnje ra caxio nasperu Morame", a y6p30 je sanprao xaary CHeKl1M MJIaW1M KOSaGeM aa xojer ce sjepoaano na je "Herr06jenl1M" 11 ,,113JIl1-jexrao ra na MpTSO l1Me", noxasyjylur Tl1Me na C I-bl1M HeMa nrane 11 na CSl1Mopajy zra My ce yxnan.ajy). Y6p30 je ,,611jeCHl1 PanYJIe" sanao y HeSOJbe.1l0can110 je CSOjl1M noaaiuan.esr 11 yjHl1, re ra je -rerepre ncnerse orrrparnnaorxyna je 11 ztourao, aJIl1 cy ra nOHOSO SpaTl1JIl1 11 na nasanaraaa.e pOn611HeOCTao je y HOSOMe. HaKOH rora jour ra je HeKOJIl1KO rryra yjHa 113rOHl1JIa 11oner narpar npnvana: "MO)Ke 611Tl1 na je 3611Jba cnaxora rtyra 611sao rro se-Pl1UY Ml1pHl1jl1, l1JIl1 - mTO je rtpunu-mnje - na ce yjHa HaSl1KJIa na hyzt He-haxony, ene, OH naisan OCTa C I-bOM" (255).

TIPSl1 cycper PanYJIa JI P03e 6110 je yJICTJIHy He06JIl.JaH, rroTyKJIJI cy cey pezry na "jenl1Hoj HOSCKOj Gec~1l1". Konasocxa MOMl.Jl1Ha je na GeCMJI XT110"YSJIjeK zta 3aXSaTJI najrrpsu, JIaKO ce ry pen GeKaO, na My je csax 11 rrorry-urrao OCJIM - MaJIe 60nyJIJIue. 3a nJISHO -ryrro, OH ce HJIje na I-by KOCJIO, aJIl1xan My ce I-beKJI napyraure na ce sarnenao y n.y, PanYJIe je HeMJIJIO nYUIl1.Eozrymnta ce y-rac rrpnopa, rra mTO je l1KaLJ: Moma, nynn ra pOMl1jeHI,IOM rrornaaypmm. Cpehov, TY 611 MHoro napona, re JIX paannojmue, a urhaure jepaCTprHYTJI xao SyK jarn.e" (255). 0 npyrosr H>l1XOSOM cycpery P03a je 11 ca-Ma pano upnrronnjcnana, jep jy je PaLlYJIe TaLJ:a 3anpOCJIO, a npenosasana raje xao KOMJIl.JHl1 LJ:JIjaJIor, KOjl1 ce ozrnrpao y cyvpax na MaJIl1 YCKPC LlOK jemuna rro sony na rpancxy -recvv: "CJInaM ce ztoopo, ja TaMaH na npara OLlrpana, a 3a3S0Hl1 ypa HOTjJI, re rrOUHeM ce MOJIl1TJI nary aa noxoj zryce cjopeMaprapnre. Taxo ja XOLll1M, He Ml1C.JIeTjl1 0 3JIy, xan JIJI eno jera, C nnjauc yTl1CHl1 COKaK, rra MJI npunprr-nr nyr. Ja ce npnnanox, aJIJI joner SJIKHyx: 'CTaxorjec? ... CTa JIMaC nOCJIa c MeHOM?' - 'MYGJI, 6eCTJIjo, He Llepl1 ce!' -SellJI OH. - 'I1MaM C T060M rosopa!' - 'Kaxna TJI ronopa C MeHOM JIMac?'- SeJIl1M ja, a cse JI3MJIl.JeM. - 'TIa, eTO, xorjcc nOTjJI aa xrenexa?' Ja ce xp-CTJIM JI 611311M. - 'Hexra ry cane' - seJIJI OH - 'Hero aKO rjec, peun cavo.Y HeLll1jy npna na nOSl1Ll, y nonennjax je cserau, ztpyra - a y npyry nennjyna ce Sl1HUaMo! ... ' CTa cav ja, KyKaSJIua, 3HaJIa CTa je ynaja JI KaKSJIX jYLlJIXl1Ma, 11 xaxas je CSl1T. Ja peKOX nerjy! TIa je 6JIJIO 6am KaKO je PanYJI HynJIO.Ilpyre nenjerse 60nyJIJIua ce 3aKOHl1TO uaasa: P03a TIl1S0nJInKa" (257).

HaKoH )l(eHJILl6e naronujeurrena je nona llJIMeH311ja Panynonor xapaxre-pa: iseroaa nycTOJIOSHa napan, l.JJIMe ce npntimosaaa KOMJIl.JHOM nmy jynaxa.xnanncanor nojmnca" tmilitis gloriosi), nosnaror jour y aHTl1l.JKl1M (TIJIayTo-SI1M JI Tepemutjemnr) KOMeDJ1jaMa. Panynona crpyrcrypna n0311UJIja y nopo-nl1Ul1 HaSeneHJIX JIJIKOSa, HapaSHO, CaCBJIM je penyxonana, jep OH cavo yHa3HaKaMa, no TOMe mTO ra He np)l(JI MjecTo, mTO je rrperryn "Selll1Kl1X 3a-cirona", rj. aHTa311ja, re nehe na ce Ml1jema y Cl1THe rrocnose, JI mTO yo-CTaJIOM nOTnYHO HeOl.JeKJISaHO 11 6e3 uajase OLlJIa3JI y CSJIjeT, uaronjenrrasaI-bJIXOse xapaxrepncrnxe. Y KaCHJIjJIM MaTasyJbeSJIM upnnonnjcrxava, a na-P0l.JJITO y JIJIKy I1JIl1je nyJIJIHa 113 Ilouineon.ux euuiesoea JI DYKaHa Cxaxanna113 I1CTOI1MeHe npnnonnjerxe, re OC0611He cy norrryimje paannjene, TaKO na

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ce ,,611jeCH11 PalIYJIe" nmK11BJbaBa CaMO KaO fh11XOB em130nHI1 npere-ra,' KOjJ1je OCTao y ortpasnanoj cjeHUI1 fJIaBHe jynaxmr.e P03e.

PanYJIe TII1BOnl1n onvax no )KeHl1n611 rrosjepaaa MJIanoj HeBjeCTJ1 cnoje"llll1pOKe 3aCHOBe": ,,3a-fh H11je C11THa paoora. Hexia ry... nOMano, caxio He-xa My CC npJ1.TI11Ka narnre... a TO H11je nanexo, OH je Ben spefia... na 60raT11Fasan!" (257) Hajnpuje ce CBe pjelje nojana.nnao y "npy.BapH11UJ1", xojy cyOTBOPJ1JIJ1 on nacrseha ztofinjenor HaKOH yjH11He CMpTJ1, na 611 csera HeKOJIJ1-KO nezten-a 113a sjenuan,a norrryno nenanano 11 nenajaarseno OTI1lUaO y CB11-jer. fherOB11M CTpaHCTBOBafhJ1Ma 11 JIYTafh11Ma casnajevo rroneurro 113 zraanearpamra nJ1CMa ynyhena P0311. Y npnove, xoje je nOCJIao 113 Hsyjopxa, 113-BI1InaBa ce IIITO je OTI1WaO 6e3 noaztpasa 11 OCTaB110 je na TaKaB HaY11H: " ...Hnjecaxr jaro On3JIa yn.II1H11jO ann T11 snaur ennjecy aaxiene C11THe paoore HO-cav nperao TaMO ce MO)Ke creh, na hy aKO Eorna najna.se nOrOnl1HY CTl1nane npaannjex IIIaKa saaaro... " (258). Y npYTOMe rr11cMY, ynyhenove 113 Ca-kpasrenra rOnJ1HY nana xacnnje, caonurrasa 0 neaorsava y xoje je aanao 360rcsoje JIaKoBjepHOCTJ1, ann 11 HOBl1M 3aCHOBl1Ma 11 OrrT11M113MY: " ... Harpn11IIIeMe fheK11311 ranujoru cxojnva ce 6jcx ynpyacno Te rpnuo 113jenoIIIeMl1 rrpexoneTCTOTI1Ha ne-rax Te TI1 HeMorOK on cpavore rmcarn ann. Can can HaYM11jojeznry paoory xojahesm aa PYKOM 11CrraCT11. Hanaj ce zrofipy rnacy nOMano ... "(258). Kao rpehu 113BOP 0 PanYJIOBI1M nycTOJIOBI1HaMa no cnnjery, MaraayrsKOPl1CTl1 rnacnae xoje cy rrYTH11U11 nOHOC11JI11 y HOB11 rrourro My ce 3aMeT-HyO CBaKl1 rpar, a xoje cy, xao 11 CBaKe rJIaCl1He, 611JIe nejennaxe, uenoyana-He 11 nponmypjc-me: "M11HY rOn11Ha, nBl1je, Tp11... on PanYJIa H11 maca H11rpara. IIocJI11je -ry ce na je )Kl1B, rra orrer zta H11je, zta je y Kanurpopunja, y5pa311JIy, na je norunyo, zta ce 0)KeH110 I1Tn. Jbyznr cy nOJIa311JI11 oryna 11npnaann sa-u., ann CB11 nejeanaxo 11 HeKaKO na nperpr" (258).

HOBeJIl1CT11qK11 3anJIeT, 113BeneH y TeXH11U11 HapaTl1BHOr rtpeoxpera, MO-T11B11CaH je xao neosexnaaua 11 rajancrnena rrpovjena P0311Hor nonauran,a 11pacnonoacen.a, xoje ce npeH11jeJIO 11 na cavy arvocdiepy y KaI1)KeBHOCTI1 on aHTWIKI1X spevena no xpaja XIX Bl1jeKa,ncupnno je nncao Ilparmua )J{HBKOBI1D. y zma naspara: JJUK militis gloriosi KOO Cuue Maiuaey-.ia, EBponcKI1 OKBHpl1 cpncxe KH>I1:tKeBHOCTI1 II, Flpocsera, Eeorpan 1977; Hoeenuciuutca CUMeMauiaeyn.a, TOKOBH cpncxe KH>I1:tKeBHOCTI1. Marnua cpncxa, HOBI1 Call 1991. 311-327.

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crmje My)f{eBOr OLJ)laCKa Hl1Kan npexopa-rno npara. Ovurneruro je zta 113Ml1je-n.eira cnryaunja noxaayje HOBy nl1MeH311jy P0311HOr xapaicrepa - l1HTpOBep-Tl1paHOCT, oja ce CKpl1BaJIa 113a xadiancxe BeCeJIOCTl1 11 6Jll1CKOCTl1 ca rOCTl1-xra, Bonynnua je CBe cnoje l1HTl1MHe rppycrpattnje nanonjecnora OCMl1lUJba-sarseu csor )f{l1BOTHOr 11 pannor rrpocropa 11 nocnehyiyha ce y rrOTnYHOCTl1rocruua, a can je, rrpen casnaisexr na ce PanYJIe BpaT110, nOCYMlhaJIa na jeraj lheH l1HTl1MHl1 CBl1jeT MO)f{.lla yrpoacen.

Paspjeureu,e neoxexanane Ml1CTepl1je y xarpam: Koo eecenoe upnapa Ha-cTynl1JIO je TeK cyrpanan. ITOlUTO je P03a 611Jla OnCYTHa, xao rnacn11K ncrynayrtpano MBaH Flnaonnh 11 caorrurrasa na je KpYMapl1ua OTl1111JIa y lly6pOBHl1Kna ca-rexa PanYJIa KOjl1 ce BpaT110 113 Avepnxe. Mana je no-rex nOBpaTHl1Ka113MaM110 na 06aJIY Bl1111e canjera Hero zta je hecap nOJla3110, cycper C lhl1Mycnnjenno je TeK cyrpanan y KpYMl1, nOlUTO cy OH 11 P03a yvjecro Jla1)oM no-nyTOBaJIl1 y HOBl1 npexo KOHaBaJIa y KOQl1jaMa.

Tloprper Pazryna ITl1BOnl1na, xao rtexanfiapa rrOBpaTHI1Ka HaKOH naane-cer nanje roznnrc oncycrsonan,a, canpxor noneurro narnaurcmrje xapaxrepn-CTl1Ke "XBaJIl1CaBOr noimoca", Mana cy 11 can OHe CaCBl1M caxcerc 11 CKl1Ul1pa-He. Y xadiany je Ganyo npen nonne, a nopen ormca nearparmor 11 CHa)f{HOr,npanor nl1BOBCKOr craca: "IlJlenl1Ma 611 3aKJIOH110 naojmry, rrore cy My xaonaa cryoa, a na noxparxy neticny npary rnaaa - Ben npeva OCTaJIOM. Tnenaxao C ITJlaHl1He" (262), 113nBojeHa je 11 jenna HOBa jynaxona rosopna ocofie-HOCT, yspe-nrua caneee ae ouo, xojy je nOH110 113 cnnjera 11 xoja ra Yl1Hl1 no-Ce6Hl1M, a xoja xacrnrje nocraje 11 0611Jbe)f{je P0311HOr ronopa. ITOlUTO ce no-BpaTHl1K MaJIO paCKpaB110, re 3aCYKao pyxane 11 sartoaeo na CJIy)f{l1 rOCTe,yCJIl1jelll1JIO je 11 06aBe3HO npenpn-ranan,e He06wIHl1X asaarypa 11 6pOjHl1XnO)f{l1BJbaja, aJIl1 6e3 BeJll1KOr rtpcriepnnan.a 11 xsanncan,a: "ITpn-ra 11 rrpnsa.Huje HeM110, a He 611 ce peKJIO na MHOro naace. 0110 je y pyrnrmnoaa, 6110 jey rprosmnr, pnfiap, xrpnap, namopmnc y BeJIl1Kl1M rrnanrauajava, 6110 jeBOjHl1K y pary sa OCJl0601)elhe pooona, 11 TO na 113MjeHy, Qac y caneanoj noj-CUl1, a xac y jyacnoj, 6110 je ... a urra Hl1je 6110, canrse ae nl1o!" (262-263).

HOBeJll1CTl1YKl1 ennnor no YMjeTHI1YKoj OpraH113aUl1jl1 (speueacxa, npo-cropna, yaK 11 rpadnr-nca paazmoicaocr on rrperxornnrx nl1jeJlOBa HOBeJle, na-paroposo rytin.eu.e 0611Jbe)f{ja nenocpennor csjenoxa 11 06jeKTl1B113aUl1ja n.e-rose crojne TaQKe, caanan,e 0 norahajy nocpenno HaKOH cycpera ca cnyxaj-Hl1M rrYTHl1KOM HOBJbaHl1HOM, npeananasan.e zmjanouncc napaunje) noncjehaira erpexrue ztpavcse pacnnere HaKOH KOjl1X je 36ylheHocT 11 aanaiseuocrrrpen nporueypjeujnva n.yncxe rrpnpone uecxran.ena, a oner CBe cyn611He cyna HeKl1 BOJIlUe6aH HaQl1H paspnjeurene 11 IIOCTaBJbeHe na csoja y0611QajeHaMjeCTa. Panyne ocraje nocn.cnan CBOjOj uenpennannaoj npuponn, a P03aCBOjOj ry611THl1QKOj cyn611HI1, aJIl1 11 crroc06HOCTl1 na CBOjl1M aJITPYH3MOM CBenanovjecrn 11 113 csera 113a1)e xao MOpaJIHl1 II06jenHl1K.

ITpBe cnoje YTl1CKe 0 Xepner HOBOM 11 bOKI1 KOTOpCKOj Maraayn. je 113-H110 Y HOBeJIl1 Bypo KOKOfii, 0 YeMy pje-nrro caicno-nr y Eunseuncana jeono:iiucua: "llaTIeKo 011 DOKe, nocnnjc nsanecer ronmra, nourro 113Ml1jeHHx journBl1je nocrojrinue, nourro rtperypnx rtpexo rnase xnroro urrourra, ja caM renpse YTHCKe 113 Eoxe 113Hl10 y npl1YI1 Bypo KOKOfii 11 Y cuney EOKa u EOKe-n.u. Ko je rrpo-nrrao Kotcoiua (y 3611pUl1 Ca Jatipana'; raj he ce cjerurn na

67

npnnonnjcna HeKl1 cjesepnn llaJIMaTl1Hau, T060)l{e 60raT 60JTeCHHK, KOjl1 jenornao y HOBH na 3HMyje. Ilpnuajyh cnoje npse yrucxe, T060)l{IDl1 60JTe-CHl1K vrumhe H KOMl1qHl1 noraljaj ca OYPOM KOKOTOM, KOjH ce norahaj LJ;OH-CTa H IleCHO, caxro IlBHje ronnne nouuuje... LI,OLJ;yllle, MHoro je MOjHX rrpnnaxoje cy nexcane y rnasa no zrsazrecer H nmne rozntna, aJIH nehe 6HTl1 Hl1jeLJ;-He OIl IDHX xoja 611 xao KOKO[ii -nrraouy YHHHJla yrncax Ila je nOCTaJIa OIlMax,uenocpeznro ca )l{HBHjex yrnena... "9 DpBO 113IlaIDe, non HaCJTOBOM Cfyao caEYPOM KOKO[iiOM, HOBeJTa je l1MaJIa y yaCOIlHCY Ilpeoonuua 1891. rOIlHHe, na6H HCTe rOIlHHe non nanaunsmr HaCJTOBOM 6HJTa npeurravnaua 11 xao rpehartprrra y 36HPUl1 Ca Jaopana. LI,BoCTpyKa npnnoajcna-nca navjepa (Ka311BaIDeIlpBHX YTHcaKa 0 cpenmrn H JbYIlHMa no 1l0JTacKY y HOBl1 11 DOKy, re Ka311Ba-IDe 0 qYIlHOBaTOM 113JbeyeIDY Bype KOKoTa) yqHHHJTH cy HOBeJTl1CTl1YKY KOM-n0311Ul1jy rpparveurapnov H JTa6aBOM, 3aCHOBaHOM na TpHHaeCT ennaona,xoje 06jeIlHIDyje YMeTHYTl1 IlpaMaTH30BaHl1 rrpurrosjenas (cncanajyhu napa-TOp ornaiuasa ce HaKpaTKO cauo y YBOllY): "OBO MH je npnnao Ml1JTe Jl.,HajMJTa1)l1 nOCJTaHHK y naureu catiopy" (409). TaKBa npnnoniena-nca Ill1CTaH-ua ovorvhasa MaTaBYJbY 11 nospesrene nOeTl1YKe eKCnJTl1KaUl1je 11 IljeJTOTBOp-HO KOMeHTapHcaIDe HapaTl1BHOr nocryrnca: "Kan 611X call crao orrHCHBaTl1CBe OCTaJIe 3HaTHl1je rsyrte, CBe OCTaJIe xaneraue, rra OHIla csehemrxe, y-nrre-rse, rprosue, 3aHaTJTHje, ql1TaOUl1Ma 611 TO 6HJTO LJ;OCanHO 11, C pa3JTOrOM, 6H3anl1TaJIl1: 'A KaMO raj Bypo KOKOT?' Dora Ml1, LJ;O n.era HMa join rosopa.Hexrojre ce JbyTHTl1, - jep He YMHjeM zta rrpHqaM HO KaKO MH je y rJTaBH Be-3aHO jemro sa npyro, a KOMe Hl1 aa lllTO npyro Hl1je CTaJIO HO aa KOKOTa, He-xa ra rpaxcn rrozt IDerOBl1jeM CJTOBOM" (419).

Y eKcn0311U110HOM nnieny HOBeJTe yrrpano IlOJTa3H IlO napaxcaja Ka3HBa-IDe 0 60KeJbCKoj CpeLJ;HHH 11 IDeHl1M JbYIlHMa. Haparop Hac najrrpnje yrroanajeca npanonjena-noor aM611jeHToM H rrorryr rryronncna naje CJTHKy sarurnn.yjy-her KOJTOpMTa 60KeJbCKOr nornretin,a, a 3aTl1M ce ocsphe na He06HYHe JhYLJ;e Cojnva ce cycperao 11 KOjl1 cy 611JTl1 orse 3HaMeHHTOCTH ("cTapH MOpCKl1ByK" xaneran 'Boplje, CyJIYIlH Ilerap CYMa, HaqaJIHl1K Jeuro J. nrn.). I-hl1XO-Be ermaomrjcxe xapaxrepe MaTaBYJb 06JTl1Kyje 113 npocrtexrnnne H perpo-CneKTl1BHe paBHH.

I1pocrreKTl1BHO Ka311BaIDe YTeMeJbeHO je na nenocpcnnma orrcepaaunja-Ma IlpaMaT1130BaHOr naparopa, rrpOHCTeKJIl1M 113 cycpera 11 zipyscen.a C I-bl1Ma.Kaneran Bophe )l{l1B110 je y cnnjery CBOjHX rrOMOpCKl1X ycnoxrena, a l1CTl1H-CKa IDerOBa )l{l1BOTHa CTpaCT 6HJTa je "rrperr03HaBaIDe nierposa" 11 paarosop 0I-bl1Ma: .Kaaroz; no nsanecer rryra aa jenan sac -ryo 6HX Oll n.era l1CTe pnje-qH: 'A urra TH MHCJTHlll, KOjH je OBO sjerap, a? OBO je rpero JTeBaHTe, aJIH jaTl1 Ka)l{eM zta he IlOMaJIO ynapnru 'JTe611naIla'. CaMO aanaxrrn, MOJTl1M re, nacav TH Ka3'0, rra hem nrrnjern jecaxr JTH rroronno!' LI,01)e npyru, a xaneranoner: A urra Ml1CJTl1lll KOjl1 je OBO sjcrap,' l1TLJ;." (412). LI,pyra BeJTl1Ka CTpaCTcrapor xaneraira je pasronop 0 rrOJIHTl1UH ("Crapuy cy nnrn.amt H3 YHTaO-nnrre 6eorpancKe HOBl1He 11 'Tnac Ilpnoropua', 113 KOjl1X 611 OH YTYBHO CBe,CBe OIl aa IlO l1)l{l1ue" /413/), rrpn YeMy je ca HapOqHTl1M 3aHOCOM rOBOp110 0nnjcnoj cpncxoj 6YllynHocTH. Ilerap Cyva je 6110 60KeJbCKl1 jYPOIll1Bl1, JIYIla

9 CI1\IO Maraayrs, EU~'beIJjKe jeouo: iiucua, 49.

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11 mrjamrua, KOj11 je IK11B110 011 MHJIOCTlII-be MjeUITaHa. Tocnonap JelIJO J. 6110je "HajmaBHl1je .mtue y sapount", orpanax yrnenne noponnue, 06pa30BaH yT pcry, rra crora 11 BapOlIJKI1 HaLIaTIHI1K 11.1111 KMeT.

PeTpOCneKTI1BHO Ka31IBaI-be 11 nperrosanau,e IKHBOTHe rtpeznrcropnje jy-naxa 3aCHOBaHO je na nOCpe.JHKM lICKa31IMa, YTeMeJbCHlIM yrnannosr uanpnsan.y CTaHe 1I Ml1JlHUe, cecrapa, y cmjoj Kynl1 je uaparop 6110 oncjeo.,,}KHTHje" xarrerana bop1)a 61IJIO je no cnexry Y36YllJblIBO. Ha xropy je oztpa-crao 1I crapocr no-rexao, a BaIKYIO je aa jennor OLI HajYyBeHYIjYIX xanerana 60-KeJbCKlIX. MC1)YTI1M, KO.i111KO je roll y nocnoamra 61I0 cpehne pyxe, 6110 jenecpehan y nOpOm1YHOM IKHBOTy, a cena H njeua cy My nOMpJI11 011 xyre ,,3an.exonaxo naua" 1l0K je OH 61I0 n301eKO 011 xyhe na oxeauy: "bop1)e ce 011 ja-11a HHje XTHO BpaTHTH, npevna je H.\1ao ljl-'IM IKHBjen1, HO je .nyrao no neajep-HOM MOpy 1l0KJIe ra ronnne He caxpsame, na 1I01)e noxia zta -rexa CMpT... "(412). Flerap Cyva je 6HO B30'baH xpxrap na BerrlIKlIM jenpea.aunva, a nOWTOce rrocrnrje ztecerax ronuua n.lloBH1I6e BpaTHO y 3aBHyaj H nOTpOWHO CBy,,3aWTe11Y" y nortpamcy xyhe, ornurao je na npoxonanan,e Cyeua ca OCTaJIHMOOKeJbl1Ma H Ilpnoropunua. TaMO je aa nnnje r011HHe npHJ1HYHO aapaznro,jep je xao 3H301au je3YIKa 1l06HO MjecTo HaCTojHHKa. Hecpehy My je 1I0H11jerranojaaa xorrepe., 360r xoje cy pa110BH na KaHaJIy 06ycTaBJbeHH, a OH je y 1I0KO-rrl1un nrpao "pyrreTKy" ca [pW1Ma 11 aa HeKOrrl1KO ucnjersa 113ry6110 CBe WTOje crexao. 1"13 oxajan.a ce npenao nuhy, a nOWTO cy ra onpamtmr y 3aBI1LIaj,"nOCTa IKHBa safiaaa unjenoj nn.aun" (416). }KYIBOTHa HCTOpYIja rocnonap le-wa 6YI.l1a je y 3HaKy BeJIYIKe H saopan.ene Jby6aBI1. TIOWTO je 3aBpWl10 uncorrey TpCTy, "c",rpTHo" ce 33..Tby6HO y ryljy ceny, cynpyxomuy nexor smuer YH-HOBHHKa, a xan ce JIaTI1HKa 01Ia3BaJIa ira ry Jby6aB 11 xan ce H3pOlIl1JIa fipyxa,Y36YHH_1a ce Jeurosa xyha H unjena p01I6HHa, y36yHHJIa ce H unjena "nJba-ua", Te je LII1HOBHI1K 1I06HO npevjenrraj, cynpyry onneo lIaTIeKO, a Jeuro jeOCTao pau.ena cpua, HaKoH Tora cy nOKyw30'1H na ra OIKeHe HeKOM poljaxoxtMY.i1aTKI1I-bOM, aJIH jc OH TO BjelIJTO 1136jerao TaKO lIJTO je OTl1lIJaO na "cyeUKI1npoxon". TaMO je y Jlecencony npyurrny panno xao TyMaY H CYlIHja 6POjHl1MCp611Ma, 360r -rera cy ra 3B30'111 "KoHcyrroM", a TeK no sanpmerxy panosaBpaTHO ce y 3aBl1yaj H OIKeHHO ce njesojxov H3 lfCCTI1TC nopoznrue. Kao sa-rpenor Cp6HHa, MjelIJTaHI1 cy ra OIl,MaX 113a6p30111 aa HaYaJIHYIKa.

Tpehn 1I110 HOBeJIHCTHYKe eKCn03l1Ul1je y 3HaKy je xasnean,a 0 60KeJb-CKO.\1 MCHTaTII1TeTY, 113mCllY, oznrjesan.y 11 HaqHHY IKI1BOTa, 0 npOCJIaBI1 Ean-I-ber rtana YI Boxcnha, 0 "l1aIK11Y", na ce Marasyn, OrJIaWaBa y l-beMy BHWCxao ernorparp 11 ortcepnarop, 6JIl13aK 3anl1CI1Ma H3 nyTOnl1CHC cryzutje EOlWU 50Ke/bU, HerOJIl1 xao upanonjena-i HOBenl1CTa. Haparop HC CKpHBa na My cenajanure nenana "nI1TOMOCT rora napona", re zta 11M je 113BjecHa xraaa y ripe-rjepanoj "Kl1YCJbHBOCTl1". n03YIBajynH CC na Jby6l1lIJl1Hy rnpnn.y, 113 aanncanozt HacrrOBOM 50Ka, "l1a cy OOKC.i'b11 nain.enum Me1)y Cp611Ma" (419), na-rnaurasa I-bYIXOBy CTaCI1TOCT, ~fHe upre nmta. IKyCTpOCT, 1l0K HM ce IKeHCoztrmxyjy "JlHjcrrl1M 04YIMa 11 3rOnHl1M crpysomnra' (419). OOKeJbCKO cpn-CTBO I1 zmaan jYIKHI1 CpnCKI1 rOBOp najy 11M OC06CHO MjCCTO Y cprrcsoxr na-POllY y Ul1jeJIOCTI1.

HOBeJIHCTHYKH 3anJICT MOTl1Bl1CaH je npncrnaau-cv nYICMa 113 ArrCK-canapnje 360r noxyxrenrapne aYTeHTI1QHOCTI1 11 MI1CTl1q.mKaUl1je narrncanor

69

l,maqe ClaBeHOCpnCKO!vf oprorpadmjou, y ojev OnlIITHHCKe On60pHlIKe HHaQCL1Hl1Ka Jeura npnjaren, Ilerap P. ooanjeurrana na je Eypo KOKOT reunco060nl10 H na CC npaha y 3aBWIaj LIa yxrpe, a nOIliTO je onny-rno na 3HaTHOHaCJIl1je1)e aanjeurra 6aw l-bWvla, nonraa HX na ce nocrapajy 0 n.eroao cMje-urrajy y rtocn.enn.nv llaHllJ\Ia IKHBOTa.

KOKOTOBy IKI1BOTHy I1CTOpl1jy (6HO je BnaCHIIK rOCTI10Hl1Ue "KOil npa-BWIHora CK.;1aBYHoca' na Cyeuy) 113nalKe HaKOH npo-nrranor mrcsra, 360rpan03HCLIHX aarnrrxnaaa.a on60pHHKa, caxi HaQCLIHlIK Jeuro, na 611 HaKOH TO-ra vcnnjenno 1l0rOBOp y l:II1joj Kytm he cMjeCTI1TII 1l0Jla3HI1Ka, xao 11 npnxas 11sjeurro 06nHKOBaJhe naoma xoje cy ce "no nJbaUVI" nnrpnne 0 nYPH KOKO-ry. Kaxo je I1WlIeKI1Bal-bC n.croaor 1l0JIaCKa rtorpajano, jep ce nyTHHKy aary-6110 CBaKI1 rpar, y IKIIBOj MaWTH xtjeurrana OHa KOKOTOBa CBOTa 011 ner XI1-.0alla .nnpa .iaurrene apevenov ce yaehana sa jow HeKO.1HKO nyna, a TBpnOMce sjepoxi BjepoBCL10 na 1I0na311 na CBO.\le "Banopy", re na je 6ap rronoanuaKpMe "KpuaTa xoa-tera, nynnjcx rnrpa": "HaKoH nenje.i,e nana Tiypo KOKOT6jellie y CBaql1jHM yCTHMa. Iberono 60raTCTBO npnjehe y llOC10BlIue, na cenOLIe rOBOpI1TI1: 'Taj H raj, nOTpOWHO 611 6.i1arO Bypa KOKoTa' ... 'Y3(L;lYll jefinaro, xan HHjC 311paBJ'ba~ ETo 'Eypo KOKOT nao 611 no OKy nyxara aa csaxyxan 311paBJba... 0, 6paTe, nnjecav ja 'Bypo KOKOT, rta TonHKO xrory nOTpOIIIH-TIl' " (434).

ITOWTO ce nonasax KOKOTOB 01lYIK110, a YllPKOC pa31\IjeHI1 6pOjHl1X rene-rpava nnjc 1\IY ce HlIKaKO MOLlO vlur Y rpar, y6p30 je ceH3aUHOHCLTIHa snjecro JheMy cxrernyra C ~ra H nonaxo safiopaan.etta. Oryna je HOBe.lI1CTI1LIKI1pacnner H H3nOIKCH y 06Jll1Ky CCKTHor ernorora. Ynpaso teart ce naparopcpennuori sraja cnpexrao sa nonparatc y 3aBI1Qaj, jermora jyrpa, 1l0K je cjezuroC HaYCLTJHIIKOM Jeuroxr y KaaHI1 11 nrpao wax, H3HeHaml0 HX je "cpelloBje-QaH 40BjeK, jenap, upuoxrau.acr, npen.ranynujex ofipasa y npn.anov spcxarry-TY LIO KOJbeHa, ca nneWl-bI1BO\1 upnoropcxov xanoxr 11 IIMaJ,l1jawe y PYUI1cYHu06paH" (435), npencranno ce xao nypo KOKOT, re 11M ncnpn-rao KaKOcy fa na qYllHOBaT Ha4l1H H3J1HjeqHmi y llPMHI1UI1 QyBeHH Melll1311 I1nI1QKO-Bl1nl1.

HOBeJla IIp JJaOJ1O najnpnje je oojaan.eua y -iacormcy Ile.io 1898. ronn-He, na 6H napezme ronune 6H.la npenrraxmana y HOBOM Cany xao npsanpn-ra y 36l1pUVI Ilpuucpc-:a otuunja. Mana je na npnn nomen yrejterseuaxao llPYIIITBeHa HOBena (y ynony ce nOMI1l-bY pyCKII uartann ua Ilne auy, reHaneTOCT y OllHOCI1;\fa 113!\Ie1)y xijcurrana - npanocnannnx H KaTOJ1HKa -nOBOllOM rora na xpajy MjewTaHI1 6y4HO cnase pycxy noojeny na nneBHI1),IIp IJaOJ1O je rrpcsacxonno nosena xapaxrepa y qHjeM cpenHIIITY je xaansaa.co HeOQeKI1BaHOM noapancy y 3aBwlaj ,,6nYllHor CHHa" II OTnaLIHlIKa 011 fiora-re posone-nce noponnue KO.1Hap, noxropa Ilaona. (P030neK je JlI1TepapHI1TOnOHI1M aa Xepuer HOElL YOLLol1Ba je, nuare, MaTaByJbCBa HenOCJbeLIHOCTy vrrorperin TOnOHl1Ma y 60Ke.oCKl1!\! nose.tasra. Y npwla\Ia EoiJY.IUl~a, BypoKOKOW, Ilpeu Eaxcuh ua uopy, Seono KOpHCTI1 crsapne Ha3HBe MjeCTa: HOBH,11rCL10, CYTOpI1Ha, Jleneraue: y npyrnwa KOPl1CTll .mrrepapne TOnOHH;\le: Po-30neK, Pe6eCHl-bC, Ceoue nrn.) Maranvn, rnasaora jynaxa npmcasyje xaoocooen.axa 11 -rynaxa, xao CKHTHl1UY H asanrypncry, UI1HI1Ka H 6e360IKHHKa,ya CBe TO 11 enunerrnorapa, KOjH je CBOjOM nojanou 113HeHa1)I1BaO, nnaunro 1136yJhl1BaO ;\!jewTaHe.

70

Y caxceroj HOBem1CT114KOj eKCn031111l1jl1, no 4eMy ce IIp Ilaono pa3JII1KY-je Oll OCTaJIl1X 60KeJbCKl1X nprrra, ynpano OTKpl1BaMO TaKBe jynaxose ocoee-HOCTl1. Fiyrau.cv 36yI-byje nahape 11 aKl1He aa npl1CTaHl1WTY, He onrosapana aarnrrxnaaa,a panosnanor noca-ra Kl1Ka KOjl1 ra je rrperrosnao. 3anJIeT aa-no-nnse Oll rpenyrxa npenoananan.a 1l0WJbaKa 11 6p30r umpen,a Bl1jeCTl1, KO-ja je 113a3BaJIa TaKBy rpajy xao na je "Kl1KO maCHl1K nana ITJIeBHe" (517), ay6p30 3aTl1M cnnjene npncjehan.a na ITaOJIOBy )l{l1BOTHy ncropnjy (Melll1Ul1HYje 3aBpW110 y Ee-ry, a nOWTO ce 3allOKTOp110, cnauhao ce C HeKOM rtjeea-nr-1l0M l1 .nyrao C I-bOM rro 11TaJIl1jl1, 6110 je nsa rora BOjHl1 rsexap y Cp611jl1, naje 01l6jerao y TYPCKy rnje ce rrpeva npl14aI-bl1Ma "noTyp4110 l13 Jby6aBl1 npe-Ma xhepn nexora nawe" (517). Hajnocmrje ce paursyrro na je yxrpo.

1l01laTHo KOMnJIl1KOBaI-be HOBeJIl1CT114KOr sannera MOTl1Bl1CaHO je sana-n.enouihy 11 WOKOM KOjl1 je na jynaxosy noponnny, nsuajnpwje oua I1Ba,crapora a6pl1KaHTa MaCTl1Ke, l1 fipara Kapna, 113a3BaJIa snjccr 0 nospancynocnnje zrsanecer 11 jenrre ronnne CTpaHCTBOBaI-ba v.naljera Cl1Ha l1 6paTa.Ysohen.e KOJIHapOBl1X MOTl1Bl1CaHO je na zrsa Ha411Ha: Kp03 I-bl1XOBe qm3l14Kerroprpere l1 peTpOCneKTl1BHO OCBpTaI-be na nOpOll114Hy ucropnjy, re na I1BO-By rajny crtpaan.arsa MaCTl1Ke, xoja je 6l1JIa ,,60Jba on cuniancxe" l1 xoja Myje 1l0Hl1jeJIa aa ureaneccrax ronnna "BeJIl1KO 11MaI-be , rpn, 4eTl1pl1 xyhe y Po-soncxy 11 roTOBl1He, rosopnno ce, npexo CTO rncyha rannjepa" (521), reKp03 I-hl1XOB cycrap znrjanor y xojev cy pa30TKpl1BeHe 1l01laTHe OllJIl1Ke I-b11-XOBor xapaxrepa (TBPll114JIyK, Gcaocjchajnocr), xao 11 yaponn HeTpneJbl1BOCTl1rrpeua ITaoJIy.

Ilopoznnra uajnpnje noxymana zra ra rrpornacn aa nynaxa 11 pa360jHl1KaHe 611 JIl1 ra BJIaCTl1 npornane 113 P030rreKa, aJIl1 ce y6p30 l1CnOCTaBl1JIO naHl1WTa ozt rora mrje 6l1JIO Ta4HO, a zta je TIaOJIO noiuao 360r nonjene aacrse-ha. Hacynpor xnannoxr npnjevy nopomnte, MjewTaHl1 cy BeOMa 6P30 npn-XBaTl1JIl1 ITaOJIa 11 360r iserose yape-nnte rrp03BaJIl1 cy ra "llOKTOp Ea".Ynpaso Kp03 ocsjern.aaan,e Tor onnoca rrocrnrnyra je nponytin.euuja nCl1XO-JIOrl13aUl1ja jYHaKOBOr xapaxrepa, jep je npexra I-bl1Ma 6110 MHoro npncanja IIcpzra-nrnjn, a TaKO ce rroysnano npncjehao CTapl1X MjewTaHa xao na nnje Hl1OllJIa3l10 113 3aB114aja. P030ne4Ke nane npononno je y CBl1paI-bY KJIaBl1pa 11CBaKOllHeBHl1M IIIeTI-baMa ca 6paTIIneM 3aHeTOM, ncrnaccroronaunsnv nje-4aKOM, a KaKO TO 06114HO 11 611Ba y npOBl1HUl1jl1, y6p30 je npecrao 6l1Tl1 l1H-repecanrau.

HOBeJIl1CTI14KI1 pacnner yCJIl1jellII0 je mneuana. ITaOJIO je trecrao l13P030rreKa cyrpanan no nany ITneBHe 11 fiypnor aecersa MjewTaHa, a 113a n.eracy OCTaJIe cavo nenoaynane maCI1He: "fOBOpIIJIO ce zta ce I1BO najnocnujeCKJIOHI10 na My na ztecer rncyha OPIIHTI1, rton yronopov na Bl1We He yHOCl1crone y P030neK!" (529)

II

Y OCHOBI1 HapaTI1BHOra sannera HOBeJIe Jbytiae nuje walla HU Y Pe6eCUl-bY(oojann.ena je najnpnje y Jleiuouucy Matuuue cpiictce 1888, zta 611 I13a rora6l1JIa nperuravnana l1 y 3611pul1 1f3 IIpHe Tope u Ilpuuopja II na UeTI1I-bY

71

1889. ronune) HaJ1a311 ce "l1CTl1Hl1Ta npn-ra" 0 .!'by6aBl1 ca aanpexasra. KP03rpocrerteny HOBeJIl1CTW-IKY eKCrr0311Ul1jy MaTaBYJb Hac najnpnje yaonn y npn-noajena-rxn aM611jeHT 11 na ayTeHTW-IaH Ha1Il1H ormcyje Peoecna.e, "ceoue yHOBcKoj KpajIIHl1", zta 611 113a rora ycrmjezmne llBl1je nopozuome ncropnje(Mpryna Cxopojesuha 11 CTaHKa Wl1pOKOBl1na), xao rrpnnpexia aa MOTl1Ba-nnjy .!'by6aBl1 zmoje :V1JIallHX: Cxopojennhene xhepn CTaHe 11 Wl1pOKOBl1neBOrCl1Ha Pana.

Tlopen necxpnrrnrane aM611jeHTaUl1je, MaTaBY.!'b 11 npanosiena-rxou rrpo-CTOpy naje onrmke nejcruyjyher nnua. a Y.l1Hl1 TO Kp03 Ka311BaI-be nerenne 0crapoj pcticcmscxoj UpKBH y l-fHjl1M ce TeMe.!'bH~fa HaIIa311JIa "cBeneHa BeJIHKacysora rtyna 6JIara", xoje je 611)10 "HCrrpl1KOCHOBeHo". LIYlIeCHa Mon pe6e-Cl1I-bCKe upxse y uenocpezmoj je Be3H H ca nopona-nroxi XpOHl1KOM MprynaCxopojesnha, rrOWTO OHa sarro-rmse on nopomrue Ep03Hn, xoja je aa "BpH-jexie MJIeTal-fKOr nnaztan.a" nertpann-mo npncnojnna "UPKOBl1HY" 11 na n.ojcarpanuna xyhy, re cy joj crora sanyro YMl1paIIH rrOTOMUH 11 Hl1KalI "He 6je-we nmne on jenner Ep0311na - xao aa YKJIl1H napony" (265). CJll1l-fHO rrpo-KJIeTCTBO nparnno je H Mpryna Bojn-nnra C Y6aJIa (Cxopojenaha), KOjH jesjeurro rrpOWHpHO nopona-um l1:VleTaK Ep0311na nOWTO ce npioxenno xhepjyrtocrsezm.er Ep03Hna, KaTHoM, aJIl1 My ce rtopomrtna JI03a jensa onpxcana naKnepl1 CTaHl1, KOjOj cy npeva HapOllHOM njeponan.y KyMOBaIIl1 MOHaCH CBe-roroptnr zta 6H je 3aWTl1Tl1JIl1 Oll Hel-faCTHBl1X Cl1JIa. I1HTepecaHTHO je na Ma-raayrs, y OKBl1PY noponn-me ucropnje Ep03Hna 11 Cxopojennha, snure l1HCH-CTHpa na rrCHXOJIOWKoj apaxrepnaannjn I1BaHa Ep0311na, KOjl1 je 6110 "pa-nan, nrrenn.na, hyrn.na 11 -rynan cserau; cena My HH Y l-feM Hl1je xrorna yro-Ill1Tl1" (265), a nornynnjoj nCl1XOJIOlllKoj KapaKTep113aUHjH KHe3a Mprynanpncryna TeK OHIla xan npeysmra ynory crporor oua KOjH nacroju na pas-sprue Jby6aB H3Me1]y xhepn H 1\1J1allOra Palla Lllupoxoauha. TIPH TOMe ce sje-WTO KOpHCTH Jla)f{l1Ma, KaKO 6H CTaHKa OMp3HyJIa ~fJlallHna, 11 KaKO 6H ceT060)f{e nornpmrno na OH He Jby611 njesojxy Hero I-beH HMeTaK.

Hcropnja crapora 1l0Ma Wl1pOKOBl1na Hfll1 KHC)f{eBHna, .jep cy H3 iserayanjetc 6HpaHl1 6HflH KHe30BH y Pefiecmsy" (269), 113JIO)f{eHa je xao XpOHl1Kayrnenne uarpnjapxanue 60KeJbCKe nopcnmte, xoja ce C nOHOCo\f cjehanaCBOjHX CTapHX, a napo-nrro je y.eCTO H y CBl1M 3rollHl1M npl1JIHKaMa n01\lVI-n.ana novopckor xanerana, CJIaBHOra crpmra JOKa. Iloceonocr re yrnezurenopomme Maranyrs npesacxonno 06JIHKyje Kp03 xapaxrcpnaaunjy I-beHO-ra crapjeumne CTaHKa IIIHpoKoBl1na, KOjH je y csesry 6110 "pa3MHWJbeH":,,3Hao je nanaver [OpClW eujenau a roTOBO VI Coejeuie sopaeoza pasyua"(271). Iberoaoxre yrneny y napony HapOl-fHTO cy IlOnpl1HOCl1Jle IlBl1je OKOJIHO-CTl1: TO WTO je "jeIlHoM nyrosao C BJIalIl1KOM PaIlOM OIl Hosora 110 TpCTa" HWTO je 6HO "Xl1Tpa rprosasxa rnasa", a zta aa zrsanecer romura "HHKOMe Heaauece HI1 nape, HI1KOMe He oope-re a zra He csjepona" (272). Pe6eCHI-bUH cy3HaJIl1 CBe rrOTaHKOCTH rora -tyaeuor I-berOBOr nyronau.a 11 csaxy pnjev WTOje nnannxa 113rOBOp110. Fosopehn 0 I-beMy, CTaHKO 6H CBaKH rtyr 3aBpWHO:'KaKBa OHO JbYIlCKa mrna 6jewe! KaKBa naner: AJII1 xao BJIallI1Ka... XM! Tlpo-MI1CJII1Te, 6110 je rrerax, a jehauie xrcca rtpen cBHjeM naxra!" (271) Kao TprOB-ua rrOlllTOBaJHI cy ra I1 Ul1jeHlLll1 11 pannje cy n.evv naaann MaCJIl1HOBO yrsena sepecnjy Hero ztpyroxte sa rOTOBl1Hy. CBe cy TO 6HJIH pa3JI0311 aa npnraje-

72

ny HeTprreJbHBOCT Mpryna Cxopojeanha npexia CTaHKY ill 11POKOBHhy, aJIHcy ce nopozume OilHOCHJIe noopo H njeua HM, CTaHa H Pane, Oil njeTHI-bCTBace rra311JIa I1 npyml1Jla, TaKO na je ca onpacran.ev Ta I-bI1XOBa 6JIHCKOCT rrpe-pacna y ucmncy MJlaIla}Ia~IKY Jby6aB: "Pana CTaHKOBa seh CBI1 rnenajy KaO"WallOr noxraluma y KyhH Illnposonnha.vrtpasor 6a60BHna'. OH ce HHMaJIOHe caecnsa nopen CTaHl1Ue, a Hl1 OHa xpaj I-bera. Fnje je Cl1jCJIO, ry cy 11OHH, a xazt nrpa pen IIOHece, U\IOKajy ce ClaTKO npen CBlL\la. Hnjenua ce try-pa nnje 6e6YHHJIa npen I-bH.M, jep je 3HaJIa zta joj je 3aJryLIY; C ncrora yspoxa,nnjecy ce Hl1 MOMUl1 Kyrrl1JHI OKO CTaHl1Ue. Ila je KO saiuao rro Pe6eCHI-by 11rnrrao xojy he Y3eTH Pane CTaHKOB, TO 611 ce CBaK0:\l YHHl1JIO TaKO YYLIHO,xao na 6H ra rnrrao rpnje JIl1 cynue LIaI-bY" (278).

no rtopexiehaja y omrourajy zmnjy 60ranrx pe6eCHI-bCKHX noponuna, reIIO HeOyeKl1BaHOr KOMnJIHKOBaI-ba Jby6aBHor sartnera, IlOJIa311 "OHe rOIIJmexan cJIa60 pommre MaCJIHHe y Eoun " (278). nOWTO je Mpryn Cxopojennh3aK)'TIHO CBe \1aCJIHHe y EOKH ynanpnjen, H THMe ce rrpOCJIaBHO y HapOIlY,CTaHKO My je llOCKOYl10 TaKO WTO je KpHWOM ormuao y npnoropcxo rrpn-Mopje, "rra IlOXBaTHO H Apoannje KOMaIl, re TaMO 3aKyrr110 Cl1JIHO yrse 6Yll3a-llITO" (279). Henocpcznnr TprOBaqKH 06paYyH nnojnne najvrnczmajnx Pe6e-cnn.aua oziurpao ce y TpCTy H 3aTO ra MaTaBYJb H He ttpenosasa IlHpeKTHO.YqHHHO je TO najrrpnje Kp03 npenouren,e L1aCHHa xoje cy CTH3aJIe H3 TpCTana je Mpryn H3ry6HO "rreT rncyha rannjepa", jep My je CTaHKO ,,06aJIHO UH-jerry, 6e3 cnoje urrere" (280), re zta je 3aTO Ben TaMO nano "KpyrrHHjex pnje-YH" H3Me(jy KHe30Ba. nOCTaJIO je TO OYHL'IeilHO xan ce HHCy aajeznro BpaTH-JIH H3 TpCTa, jep y rtyry "IlpHMopuH -rexajy jenan zipyror, aKO heur I1 nenje-Jby aana'' (280), a caCBHM ce 06jeJIOIlaHHJ10 na ycxpnnsoi jyrpeu,n, na Ml1PO-rtovasan.y, xan ce HHCy vchycotino norsytirom.

Maranyn. He npucryna C nonjcnnakov rra/KI-bOM nCHXOJIOWKoj xapaxre-pnaairnjn 3aJby6JbeHHX. CTaHHua je nerrpecrano y cjemrn xinanora ill l1POKO-nnha, TaKO na je I-berOB noprper 3HaTHO nponytirscnnjn 11 pcn.cqnrnjn. Hapo-~mTO je TO yMjeTHl1YKH ycnjeunro peaJI1130BaHO y ennaonava xoje rtpnxaayjyPaD,OBe peaxunje na nnjecr na je ztjenojxa xojy je BOJI110 sjepeua aa npyror:"A I-beMy 611Jla ua cJIl1jerrl1jeM OYHMa LIa npcny; y YIIIHMa My 3yjl1; rro crer-HHMa 11 JIl1CTOBHMa xao na ra ryje WTl1rrJbY; rrp06110 ra csera JIeIleHH 3HOj, reIIpXTI1 xao npyr" (286), re y npuxasy uepnnora pacrpojcrsa y xoje je 360reMOTl1BHOra uroxa HaKpaTKO 6HO sanao.

KYJIMl1HaTI1BHY TaYKY y CTPYKTypl1 HOBeJII1CTl1qKOr sanncra H HeOyeKH-BaHH pacnner ynpano MOTl1BI1We nocjern.nnn MJIaIIJrh ozurax nourro ce npn-Imrao H3 nocrerse. Yermo je 3aMOJIl1TH MJIaD,Ora nona na rajno npena n.ero-BO nl1CMO CTaHHUH, y xojer je 6110 H3JIO/KeH nperrasau nJIaH I-bHXOBOra 6H-jera, TaKO na je njesojxa uerparov necrana aa BpHjeMe csanfienor aecersa yo-renoj xyhn. HaKOH Tor ne-rysenor 11 sanarsyjyher norahaja (BjepOBaJIO ce ztaje usnpmnna caMoy6I1CTBO) ycnujemro je xparax H erpexran HOBenHCTl1YKl1pacnner H pasjaum.ene ouora WTO ce CTBapHO necnno. Tlocrnrnyro je TO naD,Ba nasnna: Kp03 npenosanan,e nncava xoje cy MnaD,H rrOCJIaJIH pOD,HTeJbl1-Ma, a y Kojl1Ma rpaxce finarocnon aa fipax KOjH cy CKJIOnl1JIH y xranacrnpy Ily-/K11, a HaKOH Tora H Kp03 KOMeHTap npavarnsoaairor npunonjena-ra 113 xojer

73

caanajexio zta cy OTHWJlH y CaH

74

jennjex otipasa 11 cas uarnenaure xao na je rpyo. HOCl1o je ysuje HeKaKaByracnr xarryr 110 KOJbeHa, a na rnaan xamnry HaJll1K na upnoropcxy, caxroWTO na n.eronoj 611jawe cpveua xnhanxa. Hieros rnasmr rroeao 6jewe nacpasynana 11 na rjepa ca rporoapa rree 11 '6epeKl1Wmne' (vanryrrnmc). Torapann npxcauie 113a spara MOTKy 11 roMI1Jll1UY KaMeHl1ua, re , xtaxap 611Jla nynaxarpana JbYlll1, caxro nexa Y:yje fioce nore l1Jll1 urarre rro rtnouava, Berro rro-TpY:11 MOTKOM 11 KaMeHl1UOM. Mannarnma, nsanecer rornma MJla1)a Oil My)J{a,6jewe 360jl1Ta, Wl1POKl1X nneha, MaJlO BpJbOOKa, npnnu-mo rrryna, apnjenna11 y-rruna" (449).

IToCTYITaK KOMl1Y:Hor rtpeynemoraaarsa HapOY:l1TO IlOJla311 1I0 nspaacaja ycsojenpcnoj XPOHl1Ul1 p030rreY:Kl1X "pelIOBHl1X" 11 "HepelIOBHI1X" Tp3aBI1Ua113Me1)y crapocjcmmaua (Cp6a) 11 1I0WJbaKa (KaTOJll1Ka). YOY:Jbl1BO je TO yxnnepoonacan.y "YTaKMl1ua y rr060)J{HoCTI1", xoje HI1CY 611Jle HI1WTa zipyro1I0 TBplIOrJlaBO nnahen,e lIBl1jy BjepCKl1X aajernnma. Hajocjern.nanie je 611Jlonanropn.anan.e Me1)y 3BOHapI1Ma, a najnpaxce cy 11M 611.ne yaajavue nocjerefiorocnyncen.y aa npnjcvc nehnx npasmrxa "C jelIl1HOM navjepov na rpaxceWTO, y:eMy he 3aMjepl1TI1" (454). low crpacnnja 11 peBHOCHl1ja YTaKMl1ua BO-hena je y OpraH1130Bal-bY lIBaHaeCT ronmnn.nx mrrnja: ,,360r rnjex nsanaccrrOIlI1WI-bI1X nnrnja, P030rreK je I1Mao lIBaHaeCT penonunjex Tp3aBl1Ua jep jenan.ano zta CBaKa JIl1Tl1ja 6Ylle rsermra on l-bl1XOBe, re je aa csaxy rpetiano naj-MaI-be nenjcrsa zrana rtpnnpesre, a aa CBaKOM nacrynmrre 6ap rro TOJll1KO nananpennpxe 11 xaanncan.a'' (455).

KYJlMl1HaTl1BHY TaY:Ky penosnnx p030neY:KI1X rpaaauua, xoja l1M je nnureon cnera xsapnna can, rrpOHaJra311MO y rrpmcasy nanjy nrpamot onpxcasamrxy KaaHl1 .Kozt Aycrpnjc". Hasenena cuena HapOY:I1TO yrtyhvie na Y:l1l-beHl1-uy na y MaTaByJbeBOM KOMl1Y:KOM rrOCTYITKy l1Ma enexrenara 6Jll1CKl1X )J{aH-POBCKOj rpanaunja ,,036I1JbHO-CMewHor", rj. nojasa KapaKTepl1CTl1Y:Hl1X aaxapnesancxy CJll1KY CBl1jeTa. 12

Y KOMl1Y:HOj Xl1rrep60Jl113aUl1jl1 arvocrpepe na nrpanxava y xadiaua .KonAYCTpl1je" 1l0Jla311 110 irspaacaja TeXHl1Ka MaCOBHor cnexraicra 11 KOMeIl110-rpaocxe CueHl1Y:HOCTl1. "DepeKl1HY:l1nl1" cy nl1JbI1Jll1 Kp03 rtposope 11 rJraCHOKOMeHTapl1CaJll1 rrpusope 113 xadiane: "TaKo cy l1 CJlYWKl1I-be rocnozrcxnjexxyha OKO rpra (aKO 11M 6jewe 110 rora), xrorne TaY:HO 3HaTl1 xan KOjl1 napnpormjehe ncnpen nposopa, jep nepamr csaxora TpeHYTKa nnxaxy: 'EHo, me,wjopa Tepesa ca Ma1)opoM!' ... 'EHo Bnua pnuenerypoaa ca AH3YJleToM!' ...'lao, rra 11 crapn nperyp 6aJla!!!' ... " (457) CYBl1 rrpncras ynpanrsao je xanpnnl1CKBapeHl1M paHuycKI1M je311KoM TaKO maCHO na je u.eroa "Kpl1jewTaBI1

12 Harepecanrax je y rove c\II1CJlY naXTI1HOB pe311Me 0 KapHeBa.nCKO\1 ocjeha-sy csnjera11 xcaupoacxoj TPaIIl111l1jl1 ,,03611)bHO-C\leWHor": ..Uza sve spoljasnje sarenilo. oni su ujedinjenidubokom vezorn sa kamevalskim folklorom. Svi su prozeti - u vecoj iii manjoj meri - specific-nim karnevalskim osecanjern svcta, neki od njih predstavljaju direktne knjizcvne varijante usmenihkarnevalsko-folklornih zanrova. Karnevalsko osecanje sveta, koje prozirna te zanrove od pocetkado kraja, utice na formiranje njihovih osnovnih odlika i stavlja sliku i rec u njima u poseban od-nos prema stvarnosti. Istina, u svim knjizcvnim vrstarna ozbiljno-srnesnog postoji i jak rctorickielernenat, ali u atmosferi vesele relativnosti karnevalskog osecanja svcta taj se elernenat sustinskimenja: slabi njegova jednostrana retoricka ozbiljnost, njegova racionalnost, jednoznacnost i dog-matizam" (Mihail Bahtin. Problemi poetike Dostojevskog . Nolit, Beograd 1967, 168).

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rnac normpao no cpemme rpana, re cy KaHOHI1K I1 xorreparop MOrJII1 jacnollym rppanuycxe xovanne: 'AH rinac!' .... 'Mecje!', 'Manav!' ... 'llieH AH-rnea" ... xoje npI1CTaB, xao npaan jyxcn.a, naronapaure: 'an rtnanr', 'Mewje','aHrJIe)J('... " (457). Hrpamca ce 06WlHO 3aBpWaBaJIa OKO nonohn ef3aJITI1pa-HJ1M anpaanuaua: "Dl1BaJIe cy TpJ1: jeznra xpa6poj BOjCUJ1, on HalleJIHMKa;npyra rpahancrny, on Majopa; rpeha OMJIallI1HI1, on cyznrje" (457).

Tlocrynax KapHeBaJIJ13aUI1je rtpenoanarn.nu je J1 y rrpJ1Ka3Y "HepellOB-HJ1X rpaannua". Hajcnexraxynapnuja je OHa xoja je rrp0113J1WJIa J13 )J(eHJ1ll6exanerancxor (cpncxor) CJ1Ha njcnojxoxr KaTOJIKI1I-bOM, 360r xoje cy rrpaso-CJIaBHl1 JII1KOBaJIJ1, a I-bMXOB npora noysanao rraCTBY "KaKO ce Eor nonexanCJIy)J(J1 cpencrnmra llYllHI1M na OMJ1JIJ1 jezmoj zrynm npany sjepy; csjeronao jenoxraharre na notipo nase na 11360p onnaa CJ1HOBMMa, aJIl1 na l1HOBepKy, xoja6M xrjena npMrpJII1TM npanocnann.e 11 OHJ1 npmre cae-raunje HO csojesjepxy"(462). H HeKI1 CaCBJ1M 03611JbHl1 11 rpartonrn norahajn, rrorryr caxpane BOj-Hl1Ka KOjJ1 ce y nacryrry nepnnor pacrpojcrna y6I10 y posone-ncoj TBp1)aBI1,rrOCJIY)J(l1JII1 cy aa I1CTpajHy J1 HenOMl1pJbJ1BY sjepcxy yraKMl1UY. Kart je KaHO-Hl1K oll6J10 zta orroje MpTBaua, yl.{MH110 je TO, na MOJI6y rroKojHI1KOBe rropo-znnre, rrpaBOCJIaBHl1 npora, a rrorpe6 je rrOrrpI1M110 paavjepe ueaananhenorcnexraxna: "TIPOTO 11 xartenan, ca jour urecr nonosa J13 OKOJIl1He ca llBjeMaBpCTaMa 1)al.{l1na, nhaxy npen cam:J:YKOM; aa I-bl1M can 0cPMUI1PCKl1 360p; aa360pOM CBJ1 nOMOpCKl1 xaneranu; aa xaneramoaa zrsa pella 6y6I-bapa J1 rOTO-BO CBa nojcxa I13 TBp1)ane, aa BojHl1Ul1Ma OCTaJII1 posorre-txu crapocjeznroun.Kalla 611 rrpecrano nOTMyJIO rynsan.e UpHO 06aBMjeHJ1X 6y6I-beBa, ouna 6J1CBa nparisa (OCI1M BojHI1Ka), jezmorpnnne 11 113 caer M03ra sanojana 'CBjaTJ1DO)J(e'. H CBe TaKO na 113MjeHy. Cnponon rtpolje CBl1jeM OHl1jeM YJIl1uaMa KY-na 06MllHO nponaacaxy JIl1TJ1je. A KaKO KaHOHI1KOBa xyha 6jewe na pacnyhy,rrporo yCTaBJ1 cnposon rrpert I-bOM M yqI1HJ1 nOMeH, KOjJ1 je rpajao KOJIl1KOnpyrna rrapaCTOC" (463).

HaKoH npounrpeuor eKCrr0311U110HOr zmjena KOMJ1llHJ1 sarrner 11 napy-urasaa,e posorre-nce CBaKOllHeBHl1ue MOTI1Bl1CaHI1 cy rrOBpaTKOM Avpyura 113AMepI1Ke, HaKOH rpnneceroromnmser nexanfiapen,a, re I-berOBOM HaKaHOMna na MjeCTy crape KpOBI1I-bape carpamr MOllepHY xarpatry y P030rreKY. Ilo-cryrrax MeTOHI1MI1jcKe MpOHJ13aUMje TMMe 113611ja y npsn nnan. YMjecTo HO-nor nexroxparcxor ycrasa I1 J1I16epaJIHI1jl1X rrOJII1Tl1llKI1X onnoca, rrpexra He-KMM HelloKyqI1BI1M, 3allYllHl1M 11 napanoxcamnra MeXaH113MJ1Ma rrpOBl1HUMj-cxor )J(l1BOTa, "HOBM CBl1jeT" y CTapI1 P030rreK CTl1)J(e ca rrOBpaTHI1KOM AM-pyurev, a yreversyje ce nanopeno ca rpann.ou HOBe xarpane: "llaKJIe, He 6MYCTaB Bl1jeCHl1K xaxsnjex npovjena y P030rreKY. OH ce nojanno y jecen ynnjcnoj hecapnjn, a onaj npyru, WTO HaBl1jeCTl1 nacryrran,e rronora spevenay P030rreKY, nohe C nporseha'' (463).

Ynohen,e nosora jyuaxa y CTpyKTypy KOMl1l.{HOr sannera MOTl1BI1CaHO jepa3HOBpCHl1M cpcacrmora. Hsnajnpnjc rrOCTynKOM KOMl1llHe rroprpernaartn-je: ,,3aMl1CJ1l1Te Baxyca y HOWI-bl1 neseraaecror nnjexal Ilpaso Baxycoso yro-jeno 11 BeCeJIO JII1ue, a rrpexra JIl1UY 11 CBI1 OCTaJII1 llJ1jeJIOBl1 TI1jeJ1a. Morao jel1MaTI1 zto lleTPlleceT rreT ronnua. Onjenen je 6110 HOBMM XaJbJ1HaMa, nenersa-CTe fioje; na rJIaBJ1 je J1MaO UpH, MeK nreuntp, rOJ1eMa ofiona. Cynehn no n.e-rOBOM BeJIl1KOM 3J1aTHOM rtpcreny na Ka)J(I1rrpcTy J1 no 3JIaTHoj BepM)J(MUl1

76

xoja My ofiasujaure spar 11 naztatne H113a Wl1pOKC rpynu, CTpaHaU je 6110l1MynaH" (464). Flocnnje rora CJ111jclIl1 pasnnjeua zmjanoutxa cnryaunja yTC-\leIbCHa ira TCXHl1Ul1 npenoanasan.a. TOM 1I0Col0BHOM Kmleml0rpaQJCKOM cue-HOM Maraeyn, nOCTl1iKC HCKOJ111KO KOpJICHl1X MOTl1BaUl1jcKl1X MO\ICHaTa: OT-xpnna jynaxony npC1HICTOpl1jy (npnje TpHlICCCTaK rOlIYIHa H CaM jc 6110 "rrc-uHKaQJa,. xozt Dena 11 Mannanaue), ouprasa I-bCrOB \rCHTililHH cxrron Kp03HCKa3HBaI-bC l1POHJII-IHOr CTaBa npexia 6HBWH.\I nOCJIOJaBUl1\Ia. Kan je ywaoy KaQJaHY 11 yrnenao HC113MHjCI-bCHO CTaI-bC Oll npuje Tpl1lICCCT rOlIHHa, rrpo-KOMCHTapHcao jc TO na cn.ezrehn Ha4IIH: "A, r.re' H crapa jc Manonnua jowna MjcCry, xao 11 npnjc Tpl1lICCCT rormnal Fonev! llHHlI .\Il1 ce call M.JlaQa,xa-xa-xa!" (467). J;fCTOBpCMCHO jc jyuak HHlIl1Bl1lIYililH30BaH H Kp03 rOBopHCOC06CHOCTl1 (yspe-niue cy My "KaKO 30BCW" 11 "rolICM"), na 611 na xpajy 611-.JlH rrpClI04CHl1 11 I-berOBH 6YllynH 3aCHOBH 0 H3rpalII-bH MOllCpHC KaQJaHc.

Harropeno C Avpynre, Kp03 06Jll1KOBaI-bC JIl1Ka rropC3HHKOBe iKCHC "wjo-pa Tepese", CBOjCBPCHC p030rrC4KC xrauravozte H TOpOKyWC, Y YMjcTHWIKOMCMl1C.JlY snasajne 11 crora WTO je ayTeHT114Ha npCTXOllHl1Ua CPCMQCBC QJpayra6pHC.JlC 113 poxiana Iloii Tiupa u iiou Cuupa, pea.JIH30BaHa je H 1I01iaTHO\Il1CTHQJHKOBaHa rrpencrana 0 1I0WJbaKY y BapOWKl1M xynoapuxta. EBO na KO-jH Ha4HH rpaztn ry MHCTHQJHKauHjy "wjopa Tepesa": "Hc 4YllHTe CC WTO MCBlililiTe y OBO nooa! .. llYllio Moja, BCJIlIKa HOBOCT, II 6aw 1I0QOX na jaBHM na-Ma npsuva. llowao je 113 AMepHKC HCKH AMpyW KOjH jc rpnnecer rOlIHHaTaMO 61I0 II nocrao MlI.JllIjoHep... Mnnnionep, xan BaM KaiKCM. OH liMa naBCpHml1UI1 HeKO.JlHKO nparnx KaMeHOBa, 011 KOjHX CBaKl1 SpHjClIH no HeKO.JlH-KO xnrsana QJOPIIHTIi. AMPYlli je CCJbaK 1I3 OKO.Jll1He 011 I-bHXOBHX (npanocnas-HH), a.JI11 anna jc raxro npenrao y nyrope, jep HC rpnn l1KOHC. Jyrpoc, xan jc6110 y Benonoj KaQJaHII, rpnno jc Berra WTO he My Manona. DOmC OrrpOCTl1!)l{eHa My je can OCTa.JIa y TpCTy, OHa jc rpmra My.TJaTKa (snnjena cav joj QJO-rorparpnjy), ann HMa 11l1BHy, jeruruy xhep (H I-bC3HHY Ca\I rpororpadnuy BH-njena). Ann je CBC HHWTa npexia OHOMe WTO here call qYTII. AMPYlIl he zraxyrtn HC cavo pomusapy, Hero H cax: 1l0I-b11 py6 rpra, na he na uujenoj TOjlIYmlIHII na casnzra xyhy... KaKBy xyhy? ... npann lIBOp, na qCTHPH nona. 3a-\IHCJ1l1TC, npu nny, na CPCllHHH, OCTaBHnc BC.Jll1KH CBOll, na KOMe nehe 6HTHnpara, na CC MOpC Bl1lIli ca rpra H na np0.Jla311 KO ron xohe na 06a.1Y. Jep pa-3yMHje CC, AMpyW he 113a xyhe 113HlIaTH 06a.JIy 11 carpaznrrn Kyna.JIHWTe aaceoe ... A liMa I-bCWTO II cMlIjewHo zta BaM jaBIIM, Eeno ce rrpenao na heAMpyW OTBOPl1Tl1 xadiany, jep My jc AMpyW TO jyrpoc pexao, xa-xa-xa. Tpe-6a na 3HaTe na je AMPYlli CJIymlIO KOll Dena, xao lll1jere, na ra call fiouxa... "(472).

flOCTYITaK KOMlItIHOr rtpeynemoraaatsa nonpmaa rpOTCCKHC paavjepe ynpa-BO aaxnan.yjyhn MeTOHHMl1jcKoj aneropnaaunjn H cnajan.y nsajy nornyno He-aaancnax zroraljaja: 1I3rpalII-bH Anpymese KaQJaHc, ca lIllcjOM "KOHWTIITYUl1-ona", xojy je npnn y CBOjcBpCHOj "K3cPaHcKoj 6yHl1" 113roBOpHO MjecHH na-npnrnrcap, "alIBoKaTo" Furpadia.

Ilonjeny rpana na lIBl1jC CTpaHKe, " C.Jl060llI-baqKY" 11 "KoHccpBaTHBHY",TC lICcPl1HIITIIBHO ypyurasan.e crapora p030nCQKOr iKlIBOTa Maranyn, 113HOBapCru1113yjC y CBOjCBpCHI1M MaCOBHI1M, KapHCBa.JICKI1M CUCHaMa. CBC 1I0TalIa-WJ-hC p030neQKe rpaamrne 6lme cy HIIWTaBHC crtpaxr HOBIiX nonjena II HCTp-

77

neJbMBOCTM. Hap04MTO ce TO 04MTOBaJlO Y cxunun-an.y WTO PY)KHJ1jJ1X HaLlM-MaKa ~1 Y nOrplIHOM ocnonn.asau.y: "P11je~IJ1Ma nau; 11 f-bUX08 nane ce .1IPyrO3HaLJClbC. KOHCepBan1BUI1 J1i\IalIJrjaxy jow M,\feHa 011 ,\fl1JIOmTe, xao: rl-bMJIexoncepse., can - '\IapKMHM, uasann.aun, \fpaLJI-bcUU1, nononcxe CKYTOHome. A6e3 rora He ocrauie HM CJI060iU-baUM. OHM cy jow 3BaHM: rapJ16aJIlIJ1HJ1,cPpaMaCOHJ1. upacu.aun, aTCT{CTC 11TJ." (484). TJ1jecHJ1 rpalICKJ1 rpr nocrao jerrortpnurre 1I11peKTHor cv-ten.asan,a nsajy 3aBaDeHMx II "HenO\1J1pJbMBHX" ra-fiopa, a I-bHXOEO ne-repn.e urera-se (HJIH npeunsunje TJ1CKalbe), M ynopnoncrpajanan.e y roxie. nonpnvrtoro je TparHKOMJ14HC J1 rpOTeCKHe pasvjcpe:"Haj)KCLI0CHJ1je 6jeme BeLJepOM na rpry rlje CJl06011l-baUl1 J13BojeBawe CBOjynO.10BHHy npocropa aa urensy. A KaKO call 6Hjawe xrnorc snure urera-ra, TOcy, 11 jennn H npyru , je.rsa ce ',10rJI11 \fl1rO.TbI1TI1. ITeT, urecr naj.serunnx KOH-CepBaTI1BaKa 6J1jaxy jaxo cjerne, jep TonMKO uajn.ertunrx anan.epa yCKOLJH ynpOTHBHH Ta60p, rhe Ben 6Hjawe nasta J13 nosora csujera, MeDY Kojrnfa ua-penatrre .rnjerra rrnanytna 3aHeTOBa. Tepesa, rrOpe3HJ1KOBa xceua, J1 Bnua, ua-pnnapesa KnH, naxne najxnrpnja cena H HajM11JIHja njenojxa H3 1I0WJbaLJKOraCB11jCTa, y iuern,n, npxcaxy npanau casmjex, MaprHHOM zmajy raoopa, TaKO cajennos: HorOM 6J1jaxy y KOHCepB11, a npyroxi y peny6JTHUl1. To je YHJ1)KaBCLrrOnocrojancrno CTpaHKe, CLTUI KO he WTa )KeHCK11M rnaaaxia" (484).

Cse TO 1l0jJaTHO je ynornyn.euo M MpOHWIHHM xoveurapnva CTapJ1Xrtoxropcxnx xaneraua, KOjI1 ce unjecy MHjclllCLrrH y cyK06 Ben cy ra ca ysece-rsaaarsexi nocxiarpann. Ibnxoae pertmnce sarrpano cy jemma aYTeHTwIHa J106jeKTl1BHa npojexunja y36ypKaHMx MjecHHx CTpacTH: "CTapm1\1a TO 6jewerpajua nOTKa aa WCL1y. KO.1I1KO rtyra 1I03I1Baxy jenan npyrora OBaKO: - '0-0,xarteran-Jlasapc' - 'l.lyjeM, KallCTaH-MapKO'. - 'Je JII1 urra HOBa 011 HamJ1XKpajHWHJ1Ka, 6enoBaua?' - 'Hnjecy ce jour, 6paTe, sojcxc cvnapnne, ann jepaT Ha npary... ' " (484).

ITOCTYTIKy KOMWIHor npenarnauranan,a 11 Y':'.1HO)KaBalba cyxofia zmajy CBjC-TOBa, crapor H HOBor, nonpnnoce 11 mrrepnperann]e rrOJIeMJ14KJ1X TeKCTOBa06jaBJbI1BaHHX y r.tacnnuxra cyqe.beHHX crpana, Kaiuonuwcosi oHe8HuKY HYciUa8HociUu, KOjJ1 HJ1CY 6J1J1H HHWTa npyro Hero vaajauno "rrp04emobaBa-n.e" 6J1orpaqmja HajJ1CTaKHy'THjI1X nojeanuaua (Avpyura H LIOKTopa 3aHCTa, Cjenue, re KaHOHHKa H cyanje, C npyre crpane), no 4eMy je "P030neK 1l0CTaon03HaT CBJ1jeTy ca 3.1e crpanc" (486), HJTH, KaKO je TO y cj:lOPMJ1 urarsnae J13-peke, napadrpa.mpajyhn O,\fJ1JbeHY ronopny dipasy AMpYllleBY, ucxasao npa-MaTH30BaHH naparop: "KaKo 30BCW, xiorno CC pehn: 3.10 xao y P030neKY"(486).

Flpenara nonora HaJJ CTapJ1M CBJ1jeToM J1 KO',1J1LJHJ1 HOBenJ1CTWIKJ1 pac-rrJICT, OllHOCHO "H3jeJHa4aBal-be" P030neKa ca OCTCL1If',1 cnnjerov, aarto-nnseOLI TpeHYTKa ornapan,a Anpyurese xadiane, xoja je H nonuje.ra C11M60J1HqHHHa3MB "HOBJ1 CB11jCT". Lla rrapanoxc y csexry rove 6YlIe rrorrryu, HJ1je ce TOnecnno 360r HOBHX yCTaBHMX c':106011a, HHTl1 360r nanpennnx crpevrsen,axtjeurrana, Hero 360r CHTHMX 1l0rOllHOCTH xoje 11M je nonuje.na HOBa 11 ',10-ncpna xadiana. 360r ,\malle "KaJlapJ1jepe"

78

KOMHl.IHl1 ermnor H cTa6HJIH30Balhe napyurennx OllHOCa OCTBapeHO je ycPOp.MH XyMOpl1CTHl.IKe aJIY3l1je: "TIope3HI1K 11 Tcpesa ne-repou H3alIlJIH 6Hnorun.enn.a ncxpaj Avpyura. Hsnx nnoinua Ben rosopaxy 'Tl1' jenau npyrove11 npennpaxy ce nOMaHO 0 nOJII1TI1Ul1. 11 nocraure TaKO rrpl1CHI1 na je jeztan-rtyr Tepesa npmuana OTrr

79

melIHVIjVI xaneran y Ul1jeJIOM jy)f(HOM Ilpm,wpjy, a HalIl1MaK je lI06l10 VI3 rro-WTOBaI-ba, .jep je nsanecer rOlIVIHa ynpann.ao Benl1KI1M I1HrneCKI1M jenpen.a-Ul1Ma" (539), Me1:)y )f(eHaMa je 6VIO na unjemt jep je 6110 "HajMJIa1)l1 MJIaIll1ny 06a Ccoua", narrynno je TeK UIe3lIeCeT npyry rOlIVIHY. MyuIKapUI1 "HOBorasaxona", KalI cy caxru, pa.mje cy ra 1l0lIPYfJbl1BO 3Banl1 .Kano Maro (JIYlIamana)", jep je 6110 ,,3aJby6JbVIBe npnpone, a y3 TO VI "yBjepeH na cy CBe cen-CKe nyzte sa lhVIM" (540). YCTP

80

rpnjapxarmy crpany 60KeJbCKOr uapormor lKJ1BOTa, re J13y3eTHy OllaHOCT rpa-11l1UJ1jl1 rrOMOpCTBa. Ha-nnr na KOjJ1 ce lljeqaK npnnpexia aa CJIyiK6y (Y3eT jesa "MaJIOr on npone" na noaonsrpahenou jenpen.axy "flpaBlla", KOjJ1 je 6J10BJlaCHJ1WTBO TpWnaHCKJ1X noxiopaua MJ1JlqeBJ1na), Haql1H na KOjJ1 je J13JIO-lKCHa nO\WpCKa rpanmmja l-bCrOBC noponmtc (II iljCJ II orau cy \IY nacrpa-JaJTI1 y 6POllOJlOI\U1Ma), Haq~1H na KOjJ1 jc ncnpahen na npny C1YlK6y 11 sua-rajKOjl1 jc TO\IC rrpnnar y MaJIOM 60KC.bCKOM CCIly - jacno yxasyjy na HepaCKII-11I1By 60KCJbCKY BC3aHOCT aa Mope, sa rpanuunjy nOMopCTBa 11 YL1Cll KOjl1 jcOHa 1l0Hl1jeJIa DOKeJbl1Ma urnpow CBl1jCTa.

CPCllI1Wl-b11 llIIO HOBCJTC (njexaxono rryronan,e 110 TpCTa, cryrran.e ua.Tlpanny" II rtpna rrJIOBJ1116a) y cPyHKUl1jl1 cy lKl1BOnl1CHOr CJIIIKal-ba xropnap-cxor iKI1BOTa. Maraayn, HapOqIHO ycnjeunro rrC11XOJIOWKI1 MOTI1BI1We nje-ra-KOB 1l0lK11nn.aj npse rrJIOBl1116e, KOjl1 je YTOJI11KO crreKTaKyJIapH11j11 IIITO jertpnsaaan nanopeno ca npBOM I1JlOBJ11160Yl HOBor jenpen.axa. Byztylu: zta jc6POll 3arrJIOB110 nenocpenno rtpezt DOlKl1n, ana-raj ttpse rrJIOBl1116c rrCl1XOIIO-WKJ1 jc YCJIOlKl-bCH J1 npBJ1Y1 lljCqaKOBI1M 1l0qCKOM uajsehcr xpnurhancxornpa3HJ1Ka na MOpy. Bpxynau Tor 1l0lKl1B.TlJaja yTO."Il1KO jc BCnl1 IIITO CC l1CTO-BpCMCHO onnnja J1 ca npBJ1M I1CKyCTBOM ca Y36YPKaH~1M MOPCI\!. HOBCJIJ1-CTJ1qKJ1 paCnJICT je ycnajenno rrOWTO cy CC !.,IOPCKJ1 llYXOBl1 CMJ1pm1J1. IIIrrl1-po, saoxynn.en 60p60M jenpen.axa 11 nocane ca CTJ1X11jHOM cnarov BOllC, TeKWCCT ztana rrOCJI11jc rtpasumca casnaje na jc l-berOB npBJ1 DOiK11n na MOpyrtporexao a na OH Tora HJ1je 6110 HI1 csjecran. CBC TO 6Ylll1 Y JbeMy 111I11JIl1q-na cjehan.a na ztaue )ljCT11l-bCTBa 11 nouexe Eoxorha y 3aB11Qajy, TC ra nperina-BC CMOUJ1je xoje nnje xrorao na caxpnje: "llirrl1pa 06y3C He113MjepHa cjera,Onjennov My ce npeno-nnue Jlenerane, MajKa, njeua, upxsa 11 CBe WTO je yBC311 ca BCJ"IIIKJ1M J1 CBJ1jeLl11M rrpa3H11KO!.,1. Jlarano ce 113BYQC 113 cnora xpe-BeT11na na J13aOC na KpOB. Ejeure T11WJ1Ha, MpTBa T11WJ1Ha. Hall HC113I\!jep-HlfM MOpCM HC113MjCpHO Hc60 HaQlfQKaHO 3B11je3ilaMa. IIIn11po cjerte ira KO-JIOMaT 11 6p113Hy Y nnaq" (60 I).

CPCLIl1IIIJbl1 MOTl1B rrosene 3eOHO (06jaB.TlJCHa jc y -racomtcv KO/IO 1903.rOll11HC, a 3aT111\! je 1904. npeurraurtana y 36J1puI1 )!(ueow) , Qlfja ce paznsaonnrpana y IleTKOBl1Ul1, ccny CMjCWTCHOM ira OPJIyjCKOj BI1CJ1Hl1 jezntor OLI60KeJbCKJ1X BlfCOBa, xasyje 0 HCCBaKJ111aWl-bCM J1 QYllCCHOM norahajy rtyuaisa3BOHa na LIpCBHOj UpKBl1 CBCTC Ilerxe. Y cyrnacjy ca HOBC."Il1CTWIKOM CTpyK-TypOM 60KCJbCKl1X rtpn-ra, Marasyn, y CKCn03I1UJ10HI1M llJ1jCJIOBJ1Ma npucryrranpocropuoj aM6lfjeHTaulfjlf If npeno-ianan.y COUl1jaJIHC CJIJ1KC cTaHOBHl1Ka, a3aT11M 11 11311BajaJby ceocxnx 3HaMeHlfTOCTlf: "fleTKOBJ1QaHJ1 cy llaKTIC lfCTlf-nann OHO WTO cy lfMaJIlf, - CBOjy UPKBI1UY 113 BpCMCHa Hevan.nha, CBOjyrrorroncxy xyhy, y KOjOj je, san.na jour OLI rora ncror BpCMeHa, CBCWTCHJ1QKlfQJ1H npeJIa3J10 C oua ira CJ1Ha, a Halla CBC, CBOjC 3BOHO, Ql1jlf je YM11JbaTlf I1C11JIHI1 mac B11jeKOB11Ma nojao CJIaBy 60iKjy, KJII1KTaO y JblfXOBlfM Pl1jCTKl1MBCCeJbI1Ma, Hap11UaO y l-b11XOBJ1M l-JCCTJ1M lKaJIOCTI1Ma" (575).

llo CaCBl1M HeOQCKI1BaHOr sannera J1 nopesrehaja cnaxonnesnora iKI1BO-ra LIOJIa311 jCLIHor 06JIaQHOr HCLIjCJbHOr jyrpa KaLIa je crapn upKBCJbaK nomao"lla orJIaCI1 jyrpeisy CJIyiK6y", ITa yvjecro YMJ1JIHOr 3ByKa 3aQYo npoxryxao,yrYWCH rnac pacnyrcror 3BOHa. YiKac KOjl1 jc 360r rora 3aXBaT110 IleTKOBl1Qa-HC Maraayn, MOTlfBl1IIIe Kp03 rrpmcaa l-bI1XOBe nenjepnuc, Kp03 JblfXOBC crpa-

81

XOBC na TO Hl1jC KaKBO 3}IO ,,3HaMCHl1jc" aa YCTpHaCCTOpO MOMyalll1 KOjl1 cyHCKOJII1KO nana paunje OTI1WJII1 "H113 MOPC", Kp03 oeaycnicumc noxyuraje ztapasjacne TIITa CC TO CTBapHO llCCHJlO ca 3BOHO.\I, TC KaKO CC \'IOrnO pacnyhn.

BHjCCT 0 YYllCCHOM noraljajy 6P30 CC npounrpuna 113BaH MjcCTa. Haj-npnje cy jc ca CHFIH11M YIKaCO.\1 npI1MI1JI11 Ilono.saun xan cy CT11rJlI1 na HC-njen.ny cnYIK6y, jcp cy 11 ca\IYI npnna.iann napOX11jII CBCTC flCTKC, nOK je noCyCjC.z:rHIIM CC.'lI1Ma BYIjCCT 6l1JIa nponpahena I1CMl1jaBal-bHMa.

CCOCKH 360p Ha KojeM cc nujehano 0 cyn6IIHII pacnyxnor 3BOHa Mara-ByJb npcno-rana y 06JlHKy llHjanora nposceror flOBpCMCHO II KOMIIYHIIM 110-cjerxasra. Ilourro cy ce CamaCIIJIII na 6II 3a30pHo 6II.'l0 "m1CaTH npourennjehecapy" H 011 rylje BjCpC npIIMIITII 3BOHO, ,,3aMHjeHYC onor npacrapor, cpn-cxor" (578), HCKO CC 110cjCTl10 na HanIIllIY "npOWCHl1jc ira UCTIIl-bC", a My-npn KpCTO Tlcpon AYCTpan11ja na TO jc 110cjCTJbIIBO 011roBOpIIO: "To MH HHjc3a30pHO, 3.'111 3HaM na HHjC 011 sajae. OTKYll na OHII CIIpaU11 osro nororan.ajy3BoHa! Ila IIX CaM11 HC noxpanoine no nytiposa-ucoj llplKaBH, xan cy cc 611JII1ca cDpaHuY30M, - IIITO HCKa HM jc npocro' - JKJbC 611 II l-bIIMa ljc 3BOHIIJIO!"(578) Ha Kpajy cy CBH CT3.'lH y3 nonos rrpennor na mnny "rrpowcHIIjc MII-jajny MHJIOIIICBY, KI-ba3Y 011 Cp6IIjC" (578).

Kparax HOBCnHCTI1YKI1 CnIlJIOr, KOjIl je HaKOH rora YCJIIIjCllI10, liMa 06-JIIIK I13BjcIIITaja I13 xojer casuajevo na cy flCTKOBI1yaHI1 cpehno pa3pI1jcIllI1JII1HCBOJbY II y6p30 II3 Cp611je n06I1JIII HOBO 3BOHO: "To jc rrpouteunje ornpa-BJbCHO OKO Ycxpca, a HOBO 3BOHO I13 Cp6I1jc ztohe ripen Tocrtojmry, II nal-bCH nan npsn rtyr sartoja CJIaBy 60IKjy na 60KCJbCKOM BHCY" (579).

* * *

flaJKJbIlBO IIIIIYI1TaBal-bC MaTaBYJbCBI1X 60KeJbCKl1X HOBeJIa noxaayje l-b11-XOBy I13y3CTHy TIIrrOJIOiliKY pa3HOBpCHOCT (ncHXOJIOiliKa HOBCJIa I1JIH HOBCJIaxapaxrepa, llPYWTBCHa HOBeJIa, Jby6aBHa HOBCJIa, XYMOPIlCTHYKa HOBCJIa IICJIIIYHO), xao II npcrr03HaTJbI1BY ocofienocr CJIeMeHaTa yMjeTHHYKe CTpyKTy-pc: KOMYHI1KaTIIBHOCT II nertocpennocr npaMaTI130BaHOr npnnonjenaaa, yHK-UI10HanHOCT napaunje, IlHjanora H llCCKpI1nUHje, I13Y3eTHa pen.erpua xapax-repaaaunja jynaxa (y YeJ\1)' je 6e3 rrpevua P03a I13 EoaYJ1Ul

82

nponnaaunjo l1CTOPl1jCKl1X l1 nOJIl1Tl1qKl1X npeofipazcaja jezmor MOnHOr MO-napxnjcxor Cl1CTeMa, KaKaB je 611Jla Aycrpnja CpelIl1HOM npOTeKJIOra CTOJbe-ha, Marauyn, je ycrtno na peanusyje npen03HaTJbl1BY cnjexornopuy CJIl1KYvvjernn-ncor csnjera. Hseroa cxrujex npeBaCXOIIHO je XyMOpl1CTWIKOr. l1HTeH-U110Ha.,1HO-3a6aBHOr xapaxrepa, a nacrao je xao csjecuo ayropcxo nacroian,ena 3a6aBl1, na pa30HOlIl1 11 lIa lKl1BOT YQl1Hl1 CMl1CJleHl1jl1M 11 nOlIHOIllJbl1Bl1-jl1M, aJIl1 11 na Kp03 l1CKOIlleHY 11 oHe0611QeHY crsapnocny B113YPY caonurrn 11nexe lIy6Jbe I1CTI1He 0 -rosjexonoi 1130maBJbeHoj MaWTl1, 0 HaWl1M MeHTaJIl1-TeTl1Ma 11 nYlIl1Ma, BpJIl1HaMa 11 MaHaMa. Hanopeno C Tl1M, aYTeHTI1QHOCTMaranyn.enor peaJIl1CTI1QKOr rtocrynxa 11 nOCMaTpat.IKI1 nap yt.H1Hl1JII1 cy na113 rroienmmx cneua, l13 nonauran-a 11 nocryrtaxa jynaxa, 113POHl1 cnOHTaHI1eDl1CTeHUl1jaJIHl1 cxurjex, xao OHa CTBapHa I1 Hel13BjeUITaQCHa npnpona na-Iller MelIl1TepaHCKor QOBjeKa. CBe TO na-nntnno je 60KeJbCKe HOBeJIe CaCBl1MOC06eHl1M 11 1131IBojeHl1M npunoaicnauxuv UI1KJIyCOM y OKBI1PY 60raTor Ma-raayn.esor KI-bl1lKeBHOr onyca, a nexe 011 I-bI1X (EoiJYJUlU,a, Hoeu ceujetu Yciuapou P03oueKY, Jby6ae nuje utasa HU Y Petiecuteyi 1I0MaIllajy l1 cave BpXOBecprtcke peaJIl1CTl1YKe rrpose.

Goran Maksimovic

SIMO MATAVULJ'S SHORT STORIES LOCATED IN THE BOKA BAY

Summary

The essay analyses Simo Matavulj' s (1852-1908) eight short stories with the to-pics from the life in the Boka Bay: Bodulica, Ljubav nije sala ni u Rebesinju (Love'sNo Joke in Rebesinje), Duro Kokot, Novi svijet u staroni Rozopeku (New World in OldRozopek). Dr Paolo, Dogadaji u Seocu (Events in Seoce), Prvi Bozic na mont (TheFirst Christmas at the Seaside), Zvono (The Bell). The author points to the basic featu-res of their narrative structure, typological-genre characteristics. thematic-motive con-struction, composition, forms of narration, the narrator's standpoint, characterization ofheroes, comic means, and then expounds their noticeable artistic features: interestingevents. unusual characters, authentic location. The specific artistic structure is also cre-ated by the unique position of the dramatized narrator, the domination of the narrative.descriptive and dialogue form of exposition, as well as by_the recognizeable compositi-onal features: overemphasized exposition, effective plot, unexpected tum of events, epi-logue outcome. All that made the Boka short stories quite specific, turning them into aseparate narrative cycle within Matavulj's literary opus, and some of them tBodulica,Novi svijet II starom Rozopeku, Ljubav nije sala ni u Rebesinjui reached the very peaksof the Serbian realistic prose.