bob fiete, ph.d. chief technologist dan newman, ph.d. program manager, sensor products
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ITT Space Systems Sensor Technologies. Bob Fiete, Ph.D. Chief Technologist Dan Newman, Ph.D. Program Manager, Sensor Products. ITT Space Systems Division (SSD) Principal Businesses And Their Solutions. Intelligence, Surveillance, & Reconnaissance (ISR) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Bob Fiete, Ph.D.Chief Technologist
Dan Newman, Ph.D.Program Manager, Sensor Products
ITT Space Systems Sensor Technologies
April 21, 2023 2Space Systems Division Overview
Intelligence,Surveillance,
& Reconnaissance (ISR)
ISR systems provide intelligence and
defense customers with the ability to
collect information that enhances
information superiority and
contributes to our national security.
Image Information Solutions (IIS)
IIS software, services, and
integrated solutions help
customers manage,
visualize, exploit, analyze, and disseminate
images and data for quicker, more effective decision
making.
GPS Navigation (NAV)
NAV payload, receiver, and
control solutions offer superior accuracy and
functionality across the entire GPS
network enabling precise, round-the-clock, worldwide, 3D position and
precise time-keeping for
defense and civil applications.
Commercial & Space Science (CSS)
• Satellite/airborne high-resolution commercial
imaging systems to view/monitor earth. • Space Science
technologies and systems to help scientists
explore the universe.• Climate & environmental
monitoring sensors, systems, subsystems and
software to capture, process,
visualize and analyze earth images, climate
change and other environmental data.
Space Control & Missile Defense
(SCMD)
Space, air andground based systems
and subsystems to support our nation’s
space control, antimissile defense and operationally responsive space
programs and initiatives.
ITT Space Systems Division (SSD)Principal Businesses And Their Solutions
April 21, 2023 3
Division HeadquartersRochester, NY
Fort Wayne, IN
Clifton, NJ
Vienna, VA
Space Systems’ Business Locations
Boulder, CO
ITT Vision: Integrating Advanced Sensor Technologies to Get Critical Information to Users on Demand
Collect
Disseminate
NavigationMeteorological ISR Commercial
Exploitation & Visualization
Night Vision
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
ITT Space Systems Technology in Daily Life
• GPS
• Weather images
• High-resolution space imaging
GOES Satellites
2005 – Hurricane Katrina from GOES-12
(resolution 1 km)
1991 – The Perfect Storm from GOES-7
(resolution 1 km)
Image courtesy NASA
QuickBird
2002 – QuickBird image of the Statue of Liberty taken from ~280 miles awayRochester, NY to the Statue of Liberty is ~250 miles
GSD = 2 feetGSD = 2 feet
Image courtesy DigitalGlobe
ITT Innovative Technologies
Navigation Systems
Passive Systems
Active Systems
Ground Processing
• Ground Decision Support• Processing Workflow• Information Dissemination
• LIDAR / LADAR Payloads
• Advanced EO Sensor• Adaptive Lightweight Telescope• Novel EO Payload• Spectral Systems• IR Systems
Integrated Solutions
• End to End Multi-Camera Direct Dissemination Persistent Surveillance System
• GPS Payloads• GPS Control Segment• GPS User Segment
ITT Instruments & Sensor Technologies
• How does Sensor performance drive ITT Mission Performance ?
• Example Missions Sensor Technology• Commercial Remote Sensing VIS Scanning CCD • Day/Night Persistent Surveillance VIS & MWIR area sensors• Soldier Night Vision IR and VIS Intensified
arrays• Weather forecasting IR Linear & area arrays• Natural Gas leak detection MWIR Photodiode
(LIDAR)
ITT’s Remote Sensing Focal Plane Assembly
April 21, 2023
Sensor Technology: Visible CCD Scanning Array w/ 64 TDI
Double ITO process (Kodak) - front side illuminated
20,000 lines/s scan rate
< 35 e- read noise
Panchromatic & Multispectral Color
NextView Focal Plane Unit
Limiting Mission Noise Performance
1) Background Irradiance (*) ~ 90e-
2) Detector Read noise ~ 35 e-
(*) Most stressing case
ITT’s NextView Commercial Remote Sensing • Image Quality – built to meet
Commercial Imager needs
• 0.5 m resolution@ 680 km
• 15.2 Km swath
• Panchromatic capacity good to 20,000 lps, 6 aggregation modes, 5 TDI modes, 12 data rates
• Four band multispectral sensor for pan sharpened imagery
GeoEye-1 Imagery of Moffett FieldOctober 12, 2008
ITT Broad Area Persistent Surveillance
Forensic Analysis• Enables analysis of movers• Time stamped imagery
provides real-time and historical view of enemy and patterns
Situational Awareness• Provides the high ground
view of operations for command & control
• Interactive image serving to multiple users
Real Time Analysis• Real time go to location and
time and play backwards and forward to quickly identify targets and suspects
Real Time Cueing • Automatic cueing of events –
suspected vehicles, boundary detection, change detection
PS: Multiple cameras w/ overlapped field of View
Sensor System Persistent Surveillance Sensors:
VIS: 16 MP Interline CCD
MWIR: 1 MP InSb or HgCdTe
Frame rate 2-4 fps
Limiting System Performance Drivers
Sensor format: More pixels per sensor
Well Depth > 200k e- / pixel
Glint smear CCD limitation
Background photon noise
Sensor read noise
Persistent Surveillance achieves a wide field of view coverage with multiple sensors / cameras
Night Vision Sensors
• LWIR Microbolometer arrays
• MWIR & SWIR framing arrays
• Multi-channel plate w/ VIS CCD
System Performance Drivers:
- Image motion smear/lag high frame rate (> 30Hz)
- Size, weight & power
- Dynamic range
- Sensor read noise
Nightvision Fusion Product Examples
Visible Thermal IR
Traditional Color Fusion Thermal Sources HighlightedGray Scale Fusion
ITT Weather Satellite Sensors
FPA in LCC Mounted in Test Dewar
LWIR MCT arrays for GOES-ABI
• 11 - 13 micron band
• ~ 400 pixel array size
CrIS (Cross-track Infrared Sounder)
SWIR, MWIR and LWIR (3-15 um)
• MCT detectors
• Single large area detectors
ABI (Advanced Baseline Imager)
• 16 band visible to LWIR sensors
• Long linear arrays
• Near photon shot noise limit in many channels,
Performance Drivers
•Background Limited Scene noise
•Detector noise
- Read noise & Thermal dark noise
04/21/23 20 04/21/23 20
Ratio of “on-line” and “off-line” absorption is converted to ppm-m using an equation based on Beer’s Law, which relates the absorption of light to the properties of the material through which the light is passing.
Natural Gas Leak Detection w/ Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL)
3047.0 3047.53046.5
15
0
30
45
The “on-line” wavelength is on or close to peak of a chemical’s absorption feature
Abso
rptio
n
Wave Number (cm-1)
Leak Location
The “off-line” wavelength at low absorption feature
04/21/23 21
DigitalVideo
Camera
DIALSensor High
ResolutionMappingCamera
ANGEL Services Aircraft and Sensor System
Use or disclosure of this information is subject to the restrictions on the Title Page of this document.
Differential Absorption LIDAR Detector:
Detector Type: High Speed HgCdTe Photodiode • Detector area 1mm2
•.Bandwidth >100 MHz• Responsivity 1 A/W @ 3.4 • Noise Density 0.9 pA/(Hz)1/2
• Detectivity (D*) 1.2 x 1011 cm(Hz)1/2 / W
Manufacturer: Boston Electronics / Vigo
Top Three Mission Critical Noise sources: 1) Laser alignment accuracy 2) Preamplifier Noise3) Detector noise (D*) at room temperature
PVI-2TE-3, detector used in ANGEL Receiver
04/21/23 23Use or disclosure of this information is
subject to the restrictions on the Title Page of this document.
ANGEL Services is Fully Operational and Serving Major Pipeline Operators• Over 8,000 miles of DIAL leak surveys & corridor mapping• Leak detection services have been completed for:
• TransCanada PipeLine• Northern Natural Gas• CenterPoint • ONEOK• Terasen Gas• Pacific Gas & Electric• And others!
Summary
ITT’s customer missions drive sensor needs/requirements
• Each mission has different flow-down requirements for the sensor• Critical Sensor requirements drivers are typically:
Read noise Array size & pixel format Frame rate Dynamic Range MTF Quantum Efficiency Spectral Sensitivity & bands