bluetooth ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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CONTENT Overview of Bluetooth History The Bluetooth Specifications Typical Bluetooth Scenario Protocols Profiles Security Comparison with other
technologies Future of Bluetooth Summary
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Example : The Networked Home
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What is Bluetooth?
“Bluetooth wireless technology is an open specification for a low-cost, low-power, short-range radio technology for ad-hoc wireless communication of voice and data anywhere in the world.”
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One of the first modules (Ericsson) A recent module
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Ultimate Headset
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Bluetooth Goals & Vision
Originally conceived as a cable replacement technology
Short-Range Wireless SolutionsOpen SpecificationVoice and Data CapabilityWorldwide UsabilityOther usage models began to develop:
Personal Area Network (PAN)Ad-hoc networksData/voice access pointsWireless telematics
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Overview of Bluetooth HistoryWhat is Bluetooth?
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communications technology.
Why this name?It was taken from the 10th century Danish King
Harald Blatand who unified Denmark and Norway.
When does it appear?1994 – Ericsson study on a wireless technology
to link mobile phones & accessories.5 companies joined to form the Bluetooth
Special Interest Group (SIG) in 1998.First specification released in July 1999.
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Timeline1994 : Ericsson study complete / vision1995 : Engineering work begins1997 : Intel agrees to collaborate1998 : Bluetooth SIG formed: Ericsson, Intel, IBM, Nokia
& Toshiba1999 : Bluetooth Specification 1.0A
SIG promoter group expanded: 3Com, Lucent, Microsoft & Motorola
2000 : Bluetooth Specification 1.0B, 2000+ adopters2001 : First retail products released, Specification 1.12003 : Bluetooth Specification 1.22005 : Bluetooth Specification 2.0 (?)
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Special Interest Group
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Technical features
Connection Type Spread Spectrum (Frequency Hopping) & Time Division Duplex (1600 hops/sec)
Spectrum2.4 GHz ISM Open Band (79 MHz of spectrum = 79 channels)
Modulation Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
Transmission Power 1 mw – 100 mw
Data Rate 1 Mbps
Range 30 ft
Supported Stations 8 devices
Data Security –Authentication Key 128 bit key
Data Security –Encryption Key 8-128 bits (configurable)
Module size 9 x 9 mm
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Bluetooth FHSS
Employs frequency hopping spread spectrum
Reduce interference with other devices
Pseudorandom hopping1600 hops/sec- time slot
is defined as 625 microseconds
Packet 1-5 time slots long
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Time-Division Duplex Scheme
Channel is divided into consecutive slots (each 625 s) One packet can be transmitted per slot Subsequent slots are alternatively used for transmitting and receiving
Strict alternation of slots between the master and the slavesMaster can send packets to a slave only in EVEN slotsSlave can send packets to the master only in the ODD slots
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Classification
POWER RANGE
CLASS I 20 dBm 100 m
CLASS II 0-4 dBm 10 m
CLASS III 0 dBm 1 m
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• Classification of devices on the basis of Power dissipated & corresponding maximum Range.
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Master
Active Slave
Parked Slave
Standby
• All devices in piconet hop together.• Master’s ID and master’s clock determines frequency hopping
sequence & phase.
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Ad-hoc Network – the Scatternet
Inter-piconet communication
Up to 10 piconets in a scatternet
Multiple piconets can operate within same physical space
This is an ad-hoc, peer to peer (P2P) network
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Baseband
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L2CAP
Service provided to the higher layer:
L2CAP provides connection-oriented and
connectionless data services to upper layer protocols
Protocol multiplexing and demultiplexing
capabilities
Segmentation & reassembly of large packets
L2CAP permits higher level protocols and
applications to transmit and receive L2CAP data
packets up to 64 kilobytes in length.
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File Transfer Profile
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• Profile provides:• Enhanced client-server interactions:
- browse, create, transfer folders- browse, pull, push, delete files
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Headset Profile
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• Profile provides:• Both devices must provide capability to initiate connection &
accept/terminate calls.
• Volume can be controlled from either device.
• Audio gateway can notify headset of an incoming call.
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Core Bluetooth Products
• Notebook PCs & Desktop computers
• Printers• PDAs• Other handheld
devices• Cell phones• Wireless peripherals:
• Headsets• Cameras
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• CD Player
• TV/VCR/DVD
• Access Points
• Telephone Answering Devices
• Cordless Phones
• Cars
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Other Products…
2004 Toyota Prius & Lexus LS 430
hands free callsDigital Pulse Oximetry SystemToshiba Washer & DryerNokia N-gage
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SecuritySecurity Measures
Link Level Encryption & Authentication.
Personal Identification Numbers (PIN) for device
access.
Long encryption keys are used (128 bit keys).
These keys are not transmitted over wireless. Other
parameters are transmitted over wireless which in
combination with certain information known to the
device, can generate the keys.
Further encryption can be done at the application
layer.
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A Comparison
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WLAN
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Bluetooth: Today & Tomorrow
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Will Bluetooth become a household name?
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Future of BluetoothSuccess of Bluetooth depends on how well it is
integrated into consumer productsConsumers are more interested in applications
than the technology Bluetooth must be successfully integrated into
consumer productsMust provide benefits for consumer Must not destroy current product benefits
Key Success FactorsInteroperabilityMass Production at Low CostEase of UseEnd User Experience
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Summary
A new global standard for data and voice
Eliminate Cables
Low Power, Low range, Low Cost network devices
Future Improvements Master-Slave relationship can be adjusted
dynamically for optimal resource allocation and utilization.
Adaptive, closed loop transmit power control can be implemented to further reduce unnecessary power usage.
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