ASSIGNMENT ON

Blossom biology and Hybridization technique in Sapota

Presented

By

Mr Manas Kumar Patel

(01Fsc/2014)

TAXONOMICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SAPOTA

B.N:-Achras sapotaFamily:-Sapotaceae2n:-2x=26O.P:-Tropical America

Closest genus belong to same familyCommon Name Scientific Name

Black Sapota Diospyrous digyra

Green sapota Calocarpum viride

Mammey Sapota Pouteria sapota

OBJECTIVE OF BREEDING

Dwarf structure of tree.Precocity in bearing.Synchronized flowering.High yield & good keeping quality.Less seeded fruit with less latex.Thick skinned, hard flesh with sandy and gritty texture low Resistance against leaf spot

MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWER• The flowers (about 1 cm in diameter) are solitary and pedunlous on

short pedicels (1-2 cm ) and are carried in the leaf axils of terminal leaf clusters.

• Calyx, consist of 6 sepals is arranged in 2 whorls of 3 sepals. Each slighted connected at the base (gamopetalous).

• The outer sepals are brownish in colour.

• Corolla is consist of 6 pale white petals , which form a bell shaped tube.

(Fig:-stages of growth in Sapota flower)

ANTHER OF SAPOTA• Androecium consist of 12 stamen

arranged in two whorls of 6 each (6 petaloid stamenoids and 9 stamens) on the rim of the corolla tube (epipetalous).

• The filaments of stamens are short and dorsified. Anther are small and pointed towards tip and dithecus.

PISTILATE FLOWER

• Pistle is syncarpous and composed of 4-5 fused carpels.

• There is one anthrocarpous ovule in each locule, which is arranged in axile placentation.

• The style is long green and stigma is capitate.

FLORAL BIOLOGY OF SAPOTA

• Flower type:-protogyny stigma grow out of the bud about 2 days before anthesis.• Anthesis time:- 4-4.30 pm• Dehiscence time:-8-10 pm• Peak receptivity time:-8-10 am• Stigma receptivity 2 days before opening and continues upto 12

hrs after opening.• Time taken fruit to maturity:-10-12 months(north india) 4-5 months(south india)

HYBRIDIZATION METHOD OF SAPOTA1)Emasculation Procedure:-making a in circular incision around the flower bud with a sharp knife or blade, so that 2/3 of the upper floral cup is removed including a portion of calyx, corolla & epipetalous stamen.

2)Bagging before 4-5 pm (stigma protrudes out of the bud)

3)Style left in position in remaining 1/3 of the floral cup.

4)Pollination:-done in early of the days which collect in previous day and collect in Petridis.

5) Rebagging

ACHIVMENTS IN SAPOTA:-

• CO-1:-Cricket Ball x Oval• CO-3:-Cricket ball x Vavivalasa• PKM-2:-Guthi x Kirti Bharati• PKM-3:- Guthi x Cricket Ball• DSH-1:-Kalipatti x cricket ball• DSH-2:-Kalipatti x cricket ball