bloodborne pathogens · things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a bbp, some...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Environmental Health and Safety
Bloodborne Pathogens
Oklahoma State University
MATT GALLMANHALEY BATES
OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITYENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
(405) 744-7241
CURRENT AS OF: October 2017
![Page 2: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyObjectives
2
• What is a Bloodborne Pathogen? • Types, modes of transmission and causes.• Who is at risk? Could you be exposed at work?• Why do we have OSHA standards regarding Bloodborne pathogens and what are your
employer’s responsibilities?• What is an exposure control plan, and how do I get one? • How do I know when I could be exposed to a Bloodborne pathogen? • How do I prevent or reduce exposure or the spread of Bloodborne Pathogens?• Types of PPE, proper use, location, removal, handling, decontamination and disposal. • Emergency actions and contact following the exposure or presence of BBP
![Page 3: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyBBP in the News
Recently, OSHA announced that it has fined the U.S. Postal Service $342,059 in willful violations, after workers were exposed to
bloodborne pathogens. These violations were a result of the lack of an implemented bloodborne pathogens exposure control plan. Exposure to bloodborne pathogens can result in serious or life-
threatening illnesses. To reduce these hazards, an effective exposure control plan must be implemented.
3
![Page 4: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyWhat is a BBP, and why are they important?
4
• Microorganisms that are carried in blood that can cause disease in humans.
• These pathogens include, but are not limited to, HBV, HCV, and HIV.
• OSHA estimates 5.6 million workers in health care and other facilities are at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens, such as HIV and HBV.
• Bloodborne pathogens can be transmitted through blood or ‘other potentially infectious material’ (OPIM), such as?
![Page 5: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyCould you contract a bloodborne pathogen doing these things?
5
• Administering First-Aid?• Cleaning the restroom?• Using a tool covered with dried blood?• A co-worker sneezing on you?• Working in a sewer manhole?• Cleaning up after an accident?• Shaking a sick coworkers hand?• Cutting yourself with glass that is
contaminated with blood?
![Page 6: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyModes of Transmission
Direct Indirect
6
Indirect contact transmission refers to situations where a susceptible person is infected from contact with a contaminated surface. Some organisms are capable of surviving on surfaces for an extended period of time. To reduce transmission by indirect contact, frequent touch surfaces should be properly disinfected.
Direct contact transmission requires physical contact between an infected person and a susceptible person, and the physical transfer of microorganisms. Direct contact includes touching an infected individual, kissing, sexual contact, contact with oral secretions, or contact with body lesions.
![Page 7: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyHepatitis B (HBV)
• 1-1.25 million Americans are chronicallyinfected, however, there has been a HBV vaccination available since 1982!
• Hepatitis B can lead to chronic liver disease.
• HBV can survive for at least one week in dried blood.
• Symptoms, such as jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting can occur 1-9 months post-exposure.
• HBV is transmitted when blood or OPIM enters the body of a non-infected person.
• Employees are at risk of exposure when drug-injection materials are shared, direct contact is made with blood, or there is exposure to other sharp materials.
7
![Page 8: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyHepatitis C (HCV)• HCV is the most common chronic
bloodborne infection in the United States– it affects about 3.5 million people in the United States.
• Hepatitis C can also lead to chronic liver disease and is a leading cause of liver cancer.
• Symptoms are similar to Hepatitis B, including jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting.
• HCV spreads through direct contact with infected blood.
8
![Page 9: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)• HIV is the virus that leads to _______? • HIV depletes the immune system by
destroying blood cells that help the body fight diseases.
• HIV does not survive well outside the body. • HIV can be transmitted through unprotected
sex with someone who has HIV, sharing needles, and even during childbirth.
• Less common transmission methods include: being stuck with an HIV-contaminated needle or sharp, and contact with broken skin, wounds, or contaminated body fluids.
• The CDC reports that HIV cannot be spread by air, water, insects, saliva, tears, sweat, casual contact; or closed mouth contact.
9
![Page 10: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyFrequently Asked QuestionsDoes 29 CFR 1910.1030 only apply to HBV, HCV, and HIV?
10
Plasmodium species Spirillum minusTreponema species Colorado Tick Fever VirusesBabesia species Borrelia speciesBrucella species Creutzfeldt-Jakob agentLeptospira species Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type IFrancisella species Hemorrhagic Fever VirusesStreptobacillus moniliformis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rabies Virus Cutaneous AnthraxVaccinia Epstein-Barr VirusHuman Papillomavirus Simian Vacuolating Virus 40
![Page 11: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyCutaneous Anthrax
Occupational exposure could occur when:• Non-intact skin or mucous
membranes are exposed to drainage from cutaneous anthrax lesion.
• There is entry through skin with sharp instruments that are contaminated with lesion drainage.
11
![Page 12: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyRabiesOccupational exposure could occur when:• Non-intact skin or mucous membrane is
exposed to saliva, nerve tissue, or cerebral spinal fluid from an infected person or animal.
• There is entry through skin with sharp instruments that are contaminated with infected nerve tissue.
12
![Page 13: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyVaccinia
Occupational exposure could occur when:• Mucous membranes or non-intact skin
contact with drainage from a vaccinia infection.
• Susceptible skin comes into direct contact with object contaminated with lesion material.
13
![Page 14: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyWho is at risk? Could you be exposed at work? • Workers in many occupations are at risk of
exposure, including first responders, housekeeping personnel in some industries, lab personnel, Facilities Management, nurses and other healthcare personnel, although, all may be at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens.
• What other occupations could be at risk for Bloodborne pathogen exposure?
• Remember, exposures can occur when working in animal laboratories.
14
DON’T BE LIKE BAD LUCK BRIAN
![Page 15: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyFrequently Asked QuestionsWhy does 29 CFR 1910.1030 apply to finite and continuous human cell lines?
15
While an OSHA standard interpretation from 1994 does exempt established human cell lines that are characterized to be free of contamination from human hepatitis viruses, HIV, and other bloodborne pathogens, our OSU Bloodborne Pathogens Program does not. This is for a few reasons: • The CDC’s Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories recommends that all work
with NHP and human cells follows the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard. • There is extensive testing required to ensure that cell lines are free of all bloodborne pathogens
– not just Viral Hepatitis and HIV (EBV, HTLV, HPV, CMV . . . ).• Establishment of an ECP is much easier than maintaining documentation of testing for OSHA.• Safety is our number one priority.
![Page 16: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyOSHA 29CFR 1910.1030
In March 1992, OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1030 took effect. This standard was designed to prevent more than 200 deaths and 9,000 Bloodborne infections every year. While the standard was primarily aimed at hospitals, funeral homes, nursing homes, clinics, law enforcement agencies, emergency responders, and HIV/HBV research laboratories, anyone who can "reasonably expect to come in contact with blood or potentially infectious materials" as part of their job is covered by the standard.
16
![Page 17: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyEmployer Responsibilities OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogen Standard states that anyone whose job requires exposure to BBP is required to complete BBP training.
– Initial training is conducted face to face; not online– Training is required annually
Anyone whose job requires exposure to BBP shall be offered vaccines and post exposure evaluation following any possible exposure incidents at no cost to the employee. The Standard also requires employers to offer PPE and a written exposure plan.
– EHS has an example exposure plan
17
![Page 18: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyExposure Control Plan: Elements of the plan• Your exposure control plan should be updated annually to implement any
changes and should be available within your department– EHS can provide current template
• Address the implementation of Universal Precautions and the identification and use of engineering controls
• Provisions for PPE and training• Hep B vaccinations available for all employees with occupational exposure• Post exposure evaluation and follow-up for any occupational exposure• Use of signs and labels to communicate hazards• Record keeping
18
![Page 19: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyBloodborne Pathogen BinderSuggested binder set up:
– OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen standard 1910.1030– ECP with all appendixes– List of all employees under plan– Copies of completed/signed Hep B vaccination forms– Training documentation– Self inspection documentation– Completed parameter sheet
EHS can assist with program set up and may do periodic checks.
19
![Page 20: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyExposure Prevention
• Elimination and Substitution: Eliminate the hazard completely or substitute with something less hazardous.
• Engineering Controls: Isolate workers from the hazard.
• Administrative Controls: Controls employees’ exposure by scheduling tasks to minimize exposure levels. Provides guidance to employees through SOPs and training.
• PPE: Clothing and other work accessories designed to create a barrier against work place hazards.
20
![Page 21: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyEngineering Controls
• Reduce exposure by either removing or isolating the hazard, or isolating the worker from exposure
• Are limited in effectiveness due to proper selection, examination, and maintenance
21
![Page 22: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyAdministrative/Workplace Controls• Restrict eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics, and handling contact
lenses • Prevent the storage of food or drink in refrigerators or other locations where
blood or OPIMs are kept• Provide and require the use of handwashing facilities • Require the use gloves when cleaning up OPIM spills • Prohibit recapping, bending, removing, shearing, or breaking contaminated
needles• Routinely check equipment and decontaminate it prior to servicing and shipping
22
![Page 23: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyUniversal PrecautionsPrecautionary measures based on the principle that all blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions except sweat, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes may contain transmissible infectious agents.
These include:• Hand hygiene• Use of gloves, gowns, masks, eye protection, or face shield, depending on
the anticipated exposure; and • Safe injection practices
23
![Page 24: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyPersonal Protective Equipment Hand, eye, face, extremities, protective clothing, respiratory devices and protective
shields and barriers.
• PPE must be used if engineering controls and work practice control do not eliminate exposure
• PPE is only appropriate if it prevents blood or OPIM from passing through or reaching clothes or body
• PPE can consist of gloves, gowns, laboratory coats, face shields, masks, and eye and respiratory protection
• PPE selection is based on anticipated contact with blood or OPIM
24
![Page 25: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyProper Use and Handling of PPEFor PPE to be effective, observe the following precautions:• Wear appropriate gloves when there is a reasonable hazard of contact
with infectious materials• Replace gloves if torn, punctured, contaminated or if they no longer
function as a barrier • Never reuse disposable gloves• Only reuse utility gloves if they are uncompromised • Wear face and eye protection if risk of splashes, sprays, splatters or
droplets of blood or OPIM are present • Wear protective body coverings when necessary • Remove PPE when contaminated and before leaving the work area
25
![Page 26: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyPPE, Contaminates and Sharps Disposal
• Gloves and other PPE should be disposed of in an appropriate area
• Sharps should be disposed of in sharps containers
• Sharps containers must be puncture-resistant, leak-proof and labeled or color-coded red
26
![Page 27: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyDisposal of Biological Waste
• Blood and OPIM should be disposed of in a closable, leak-proof and labeled/color-coded container
• In the event of a spill, each building should have a janitor trained in body fluids cleanup-- this is the person in charge of the cleanup
• Disinfectants used in laboratories must be effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and listed by the EPA
• EHS does not accept any biological waste that has not been autoclaved
27
![Page 28: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetySigns, Labels and Color-Coding
Warning labels will be affixed to items such as:• Containers of regulated waste• Containers of contaminated reusable sharps• Refrigerators and freezers containing blood or
OPIMs• Containers used to store, transport, or ship
blood or OPIMs• Contaminated equipment being
shipped or serviced• Bags or containers of contaminated
laundry
28
![Page 29: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetySigns, Labels and Color-Coding Cont.
Labels will:• Include appropriate legend in fluorescent orange or orange-red• Be affixed as close as feasible to the container
Items that do not need labels:• Labeled containers of blood released for clinical use• Regulated waste that is decontaminated
29
![Page 30: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyWhat happens after an accidental exposure?• Post exposure evaluation and follow-up procedures:
• Evaluation will involve documenting exposure root cause and circumstances• Identifying and documenting the source individual• Collecting exposed employee’s blood• Testing individual’s blood• Sharing results with exposed employee• Post exposure measures and counseling• Evaluating reported illness
30
![Page 31: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyWhat is the risk of infection following an occupational exposure?
• HBV Personnel who have received hepatitis B vaccine and developed immunity to
the virus are at virtually no risk for infection. For a susceptible person, the risk from a needlestick or cut exposure to HBV-infected blood ranges from 6 – 30%.
• HCV The average risk for infection after a needlestick or cut exposure to HCV-
infected blood is approximately 1.8%.• HIV
The average risk of HIV infection after a needlestick or cut exposure to HIV-infected blood is 0.3%
31
![Page 32: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyPrecautions for Providing First-Aid to a Co-WorkerProtect yourself before offering assistance by:• Wearing clean, leak-proof gloves • Being aware of personal cuts or broken skin• Attempt to have the co-worker self administer first-aid• Protect your nose and mouth in the event of splatters or sprays• Immediately wash skin if contaminated with blood, or flush eyes with water if
contaminated• Report the incident to your supervisor
32
![Page 33: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyBBP and the US Department of Transportation• The shipping of infectious substances is highly regulated by the US
Department of Transportation (49 CFR 173.134)• The US DOT classifies infectious substances into two categories:
• Category A Infectious Substances – an infectious substance in a form capable of causing permanent disability or life-threatening or fatal disease in otherwise healthy humans or animals when exposure to it occurs.
• Category B Infectious Substances – an infectious substance that is not in a form generally capable of causing permanent disability or life-threatening or fatal disease in otherwise healthy humans or animals when exposure to it occurs.
• Infectious substances must be packaged in accordance to 49 CFR 173.196 or 49 CFR 173.199.
33
![Page 34: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyBBP and the US Department of Transportation
Examples of Category A Infectious Substances Examples of Category B Infectious SubstancesBacillus anthracis Borrelia burgdorferiBrucella abortus Campylobacter jejuniCoxiella burnetti Chlamydia trachomatisHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Human B-Lymphotropic VirusHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Hepatitis E VirusWest Nile Virus Hepatitis C VirusEbola Virus Herpes Simplex Virus 2
34
The determination of the appropriate category for an infectious substance must be done by an individual trained in infectious substance shipping (49 CFR 171.1 (b))
![Page 35: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyBBP and the US Department of Transportation
• The following are exempted from the US DOT requirements:• Non-infectious biological materials from humans, animals, or plants. Examples include non-
infectious cells, tissue cultures, blood or plasma from individuals not suspected of having an infectious disease, DNA, RNA, or other non-infectious genetic elements.
• Material containing microorganisms that are non-pathogenic to humans or animals.• Material containing pathogens that have been neutralized or inactivated such that they no longer
pose a health risk.• Material with a low probability of containing an infectious substance, or where the concentration
of the infectious substance is at a level naturally occurring in the environment so it cannot cause disease when exposure to it occurs.
• Blood collected for the purpose of blood transfusion.• Human or animals samples being transported for routine testing not related to the diagnosis of an
infectious disease.
35
![Page 36: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyBBP and the US Department of TransportationScenarios
• Dr. Jane Smith needs to ship a blood sample that she believes could contain Hepatitis B Virus. • Hepatitis B Virus is a Category A Infectious Substance. It must be shipped following provisions in 49
CFR 173.196. All of those involved in shipping the sample must be trained in infectious substance shipping.
• Dr. John Brown needs to send a medical instrument to be calibrated. He disinfected the instrument before shipping. • Dr. John Brown is exempt from the US DOT 6.2 shipping requirements. He disinfected the instrument
prior to shipping and removed biological hazards. However, medical equipment must be labeled in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1030.
• Ms. Karen Clark needs to send a bacterial culture for identification. She has reason to believe it could be Campylobacter.• Campylobacter spp. is a Category B Infectious Substance. It must be shipped following provisions in
49 CFR 173.199. All of those involved in shipping the sample must be trained in infectious substance shipping.
36
![Page 37: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyBBP and the US Department of Transportation• Do you perform any of the following tasks:
• Determine the hazard class of an infectious substance to be shipped?• Select packaging for an infectious substance to be shipped?• Package an infectious substance?• Secure a closure on an infectious substance package?• Mark a package to indicate it contains an infectious substance?• Label a package to indicate it contains an infectious substance?• Prepare or review a shipping paper?• Provide emergency response information for a package containing infectious substance?• Certify that an infectious substance is in proper condition for transportation?• Load an infectious substance package into a transport vehicle?
If yes, you must complete training in infectious material shipping.
37
![Page 38: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Environmental Health and Safety
Remember, for industries that do not work with blood in an occupational manner; any exposure to these
potentially hazardous substances by anyone other than the cleaning staff is almost always the result of an
accident. We make continual efforts to create safe work conditions and avoid these accidents.
38
![Page 39: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyWhat should you take away?
Bloodborne pathogen rules are in place for your health and safety
Failure to follow these rules is an unnecessary risk that shouldn’t be taken
“Better safe than sorry"
39
![Page 40: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Environmental Health and SafetyEnvironmental Health and SafetyPrograms and services: • Fire Protection Engineering• Life Safety and Emergency
Preparedness• Laboratory Safety• Occupational Safety• Occupational Health and Medical
Surveillance• Materials Management• Industrial Hygiene• Chemical Hygiene• Safety Training
Location: University Health Services Building, Room 002 (Basement)
Phone Number: 744-7241
Email: [email protected]
Website: http://ehs.okstate.edu
40
![Page 41: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Environmental Health and Safety
Oklahoma State UniversityEnvironmental Health and Safety
744-7241
41
![Page 42: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Environmental Health and Safety
42
Jeopardy
![Page 43: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Jeopardy
$100
Controls BBP Misc
$200
$300
$400
$500 $500
$400
$300
$200
$100
$500
$400
$300
$200
$100
Final Jeopardy
![Page 44: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
1 - $100
• The act of treating any potentially infectious material as if it is contaminated.
• Universal Precautions
![Page 45: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
1 - $200
A transmission route that requires physical contact between an infected person and a susceptible person.
Direct Contact Transmission
![Page 46: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
1 - $300
The most effective type of exposure prevention.
Engineering Controls
![Page 47: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
1 - $400
This organization designed the Bloodborne pathogen standard 29CFR 1910.1030.
OSHA
![Page 48: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
1 - $500
This Bloodborne disease can survive for at least one week in dried blood.
Hepatitis B
![Page 49: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
2 - $100
How often must employees receive BBP training?
Annually
![Page 50: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
2 - $200
Which employees are required to participate in BBP training?
Any employee whose job requires exposure to BBP.
![Page 51: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
2 - $300
This Bloodborne pathogen cannot be spread by: air or water, insects, saliva, tears or sweat, or casual contact.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
![Page 52: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
2 - $400
Work accessories designed to create a barrier against work place hazards.
Personal Protective Equipment
![Page 53: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
2 - $500
Employers are required to provide employees with this vaccination if they have the chance of occupational exposure.
Hepatitis B Vaccine
![Page 54: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
3 - $100
This Bloodborne pathogen has infected 1-1.25 million Americans.
Hepatitis B
![Page 55: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
3 - $200
This rigid container is designed to prevent unwanted BBP exposures by containing dirty needles and other sharp waste.
Sharps Container
![Page 56: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
3 - $300
These microorganisms are carried in blood and can cause disease in humans.
Bloodborne Pathogens
![Page 57: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
3 - $400
This standard prevents more than 200 employee deaths and 9,000 Bloodborne infections per year.
OSHA’s Bloodborne pathogen standard- 29CFR 1910.1030
![Page 58: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
3 - $500
Employees should never do what while wearing contaminated gloves or working with OPIM?
Smoke, eat, drink, apply cosmetics, or handle contact lenses.
![Page 59: Bloodborne Pathogens · Things we’re going to talk about: \爀屲-the definition of a BBP, some examples of these pathogens, and how you can be exposed\爀ⴀ瑜ഀ栀攀 伀匀䠀䄀](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042108/5e876fd1498b8937a42e0d39/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Final Jeopardy
True or false: The EHS department is the GREATEST department on campus?
TRUE