bloodbloodvessels
TRANSCRIPT
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Blood and blood vessels
Group H
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The main blood vessels connected to the heart are the
• arteries, veins, and capillaries.
During blood circulation, the arteries carry blood away from the heart. The capillaries connect the arteries to veins. Finally, the veins carry the blood back to the heart.
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Arteries
• The inner layer of the arteries is very smooth so that the blood can flow easily with no obstacles in its path.
• The walls of the arteries are muscular to help the heart pump blood.
• The arteries deliver the oxygen-rich blood to the capillaries.
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Capillaries
• The capillaries are very thin and fragile.
• The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place through the thin capillary wall.
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Veins
Veins are something like arteries but not as strong because they transport blood at a lower pressure. The veins transport waste-rich blood back to the lungs and heart.
• The valves inside the veins are important so that waste rich blood move in the proper direction.
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Function of blood
• Blood carries oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive tract to the body’s cells. And carries away waste products.
• Helps keep your body at the right temperature
• Carries hormones to the body’s cells
• Sends antibodies to fight infection
• Contains clotting factors to help the blood to clot and the body’s tissues to heal
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Components of blood :
• Plasma
• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Platelets
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Plasma
-Fluid part of blood-Carries carbon dioxide, hormones and
waste
Red blood cells
-Contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen-Made in the bone marrow. The more you train the more red blood cells are made.-Carry oxygen to heart
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White blood cells
-An important part of the immune system, they produce antibodies and destroy harmful microorganisms-Made in the bone marrow
Platelets
-Clump together to form clots-Protect the body by stopping bleeding When exercising blood does the following things:-Transports nutrients and waste-Delivers oxygen to the working muscles-Removes heat (temperature regulation)-Dilutes/carries away lactic acid (acidic balance)