blood notes 2.ppt

8/9/2019 blood notes 2.ppt

1/17


2/17

1. Transportation- materialstransported to and away fromthe cells› Materials transported are:

Nutrients such as glucose Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide

Cellular metabolic wastes

Chemical messengers –hormonesreleased and carried to another part ofthe body where they regulate cellactivity (coordinating activitiesthroughout the body)


3/17

2. Regulation

› ody Temperature-Blood absorbs

heat from warm areas and moves it tocooler areas

› p and water- maintain constant levels


4/17

!. "rotection

› Defend against in#ading organisms

$ Blood carries speciali"ed cells andchemicals which defend the bodyagainst disease causing organisms suchas bacteria# viruses and protists

› $efend against blood loss from an in%ury- has the ability to clot


5/17

"lasma$ clear# yellowish li&uid

› %% of total #olume of blood in

body Contains the following- (function

follows):

'. (ater (')- acts as a solvent for all

other dissolved substances

''. )lectrolytes (salts)- water balancein cells controlling cell membranepermeability


6/17

Components of

lood'''. "roteins-

*+ ,lbumin- eeps water from entering the

blood and leaving the cell by osmosis2.*ibrinogen- aids in clotting

.+ /lobulins- transport other proteins or0ght infections (antibodies)

'+. ,utrients- glucose# fattyacids# amino acids# vitamins#proteins# en"ymes


7/17

Components of

lood+. -ormones- produced by

endocrine glands to a1ectanother part of the body

+'. Respiratory ases-

Carbon $io2ide waste fromcellular respiration and alittle o2ygen


8/17

*ormed Components/0% of total #olumeof the blood

3ed Blood cells# 4hite Bloodcells# 5lateletsa. Red lood Cells (6rythrocytes)

Cytoplasm 0lled with hemoglobin (protein that contains iron)- used forbinding 78 ( some C78 )

Cells are disc-shaped# have no nucleus


9/17


10/17

(hite lood Cells

b. (hite lood Cells (leuocytes)(4BC)›

Colorless# with a nucleus# largerthan red blood cells› 9unction- to protect body from

disease$causing organisms

(bacteria# viruses# protists# fungi) oranything that is foreign› -*#


11/17

(hite lood Cells 9ormed- in bone marrow (some lymphatic

tissue) > di1erent inds of 4BCs

› Neutrophils and monocytes- use

phagocytosis to engulf /3eat4 foreignin#aders› =ymphocytes- 5iller T$cells (attac foreign

invaders) and $cells (produce antibodies- protein used to identify and alert the

body’s defenses to foreign invaders› 6sinophils (involved with allergies and

0ghting parasites) and basophils(release histamine involved with

in?ammation in allergies)


12/17

"latelets

C. "latelets (thrombocytes)› 6ade up of cell fragments (bits

of cytoplasm with no nuclei)› 9unction- involved with clotting

(thrombosis)#(blood clot- thrombus) 6any substances coming

together to form a solid mass toplug an in7ured blood #essel

Clot stops the bleeding# contractsand hardens


13/17

"latelets

9ormed- inbone marrow

8->thousand


14/17

Common lood

Disorders 8nemia- lac of red blood cells or

insu9cient amount of -emoglobin

@ymptoms- body cells not gettingenough oxygen so you feel tired


15/17


16/17

:euemia

:euemia – too many self-attacing white blood cells

(Cancer of the blood)› @ymptoms- 4BC attac your own

body- e#entually can lead to

death› Areatment- cancer drug treatment

and a bone marrow transplant willbe needed


17/17

-emophilia

-emophilia – inability to clot (veryslow clotting)

›

@ymptoms- bleeding for a prolonged period oftime without clotting (could lead tobleeding to death

› Areatment- coagulant /clotting drugs

given when and in%ury occurs

blood notes 2.ppt

Documents