Blake & MoutonBlake & Mouton

The Managerial GridThe Managerial Grid

The TheoristsThe Theorists

Robert Blake (1918-2004)Robert Blake (1918-2004) BS Psychology-Berea College -1940BS Psychology-Berea College -1940 MA UVA -1941MA UVA -1941 Ph.D Texas at Austin-1947Ph.D Texas at Austin-1947 Lectured at Harvard, Oxford, and CambridgeLectured at Harvard, Oxford, and Cambridge Published 45 Books/ 214 Articles/6 Published 45 Books/ 214 Articles/6

MonographsMonographs Member- American Psychological AssociationMember- American Psychological Association 1961-Chairman of Scientific Methods 1961-Chairman of Scientific Methods

The Theorists-The Theorists-

Jane S. Mouton (1930-1987)Jane S. Mouton (1930-1987) BA Mathematics- Univ. of Texas at Austin-BA Mathematics- Univ. of Texas at Austin-

19501950 Master in Psychology –FSU-1951Master in Psychology –FSU-1951 Ph.D Univ. of Texas- 1957Ph.D Univ. of Texas- 1957 Research in Conflict Resolution, Conformity, Research in Conflict Resolution, Conformity,

and Creative Decision Makingand Creative Decision Making Member of American Psychological Member of American Psychological

Association.Association. 1961- President of Scientific Methods1961- President of Scientific Methods

Blake and MoutonBlake and MoutonThe WritersThe Writers

The Managerial Grid-The Managerial Grid-1964,19781964,1978 Productivity: The Human Side-Productivity: The Human Side-19811981 The Academic Administrator-The Academic Administrator- 1981 1981 The Secretary Grid-The Secretary Grid-19831983

Blake & MoutonBlake & MoutonThe Management GridThe Management Grid

Three Organizational UniversalsThree Organizational Universals PurposePurpose-productions of things or services -productions of things or services

-“activities in which people engage towards -“activities in which people engage towards organizational purpose” (“The New Managerial organizational purpose” (“The New Managerial Grid, 8). Grid, 8).

PeoplePeople-the human aspect. Organizational -the human aspect. Organizational purpose cannot be achieved without people.purpose cannot be achieved without people.

Power-Power-Some are bosses/some are bossed. Some are bosses/some are bossed. Organizational Hierarchy.Organizational Hierarchy.

There are other universals: There are other universals: Organizational CultureOrganizational Culture

The “Concern For” VariablesThe “Concern For” Variables

““Concern for is not a specific term which Concern for is not a specific term which indicates the amount of actual production indicates the amount of actual production or behavior towards people. It indicates the or behavior towards people. It indicates the character and strength of character and strength of assumptions assumptions present behind any management style.” present behind any management style.” (“The New Managerial Grid”, 9).(“The New Managerial Grid”, 9).

Concern for ProductionConcern for Production Efficiency Measures, Units ProducedEfficiency Measures, Units Produced On-time deliveries, customers servedOn-time deliveries, customers served

Concern for PeopleConcern for People

The QuestionnaireThe Questionnaire

A questionnaire with 6 categoriesA questionnaire with 6 categories DecisionsDecisions ConvictionsConvictions ConflictConflict TemperTemper HumorHumor EffortEffort

Under each category there are 5 Under each category there are 5 questions-choose the answer that best questions-choose the answer that best describes your behavior.describes your behavior.

The GridThe Grid

Concern for Production

Con

cern

for

Peo

ple

Low

Hig

h

Low High

The Managerial GridThe Managerial Grid

The New Managerial Grid, Robert Blake and Jane Mouton, Houston: Gulf Publishing Company,1978,11

1,1 Orientation1,1 Orientation

The New Managerial Grid, Robert Blake and Jane Mouton, Houston: Gulf Publishing Company,1978,11

1,1 Orientation1,1 OrientationImpoverished ManagementImpoverished Management

Low Concern for ProductionLow Concern for Production Low Concern for PeopleLow Concern for People Contributes little to the organizationContributes little to the organization Doing only enough to keep jobDoing only enough to keep job Someone just waiting on retirementSomeone just waiting on retirement

9,1 Orientation9,1 Orientation

The New Managerial Grid, Robert Blake and Jane Mouton, Houston: Gulf Publishing Company,1978,11

9,1 Orientation9,1 OrientationAuthority/ObedienceAuthority/Obedience

High concern for productionHigh concern for production Low Concern for peopleLow Concern for people Autocratic Autocratic Expects compliance to orders-Expects compliance to orders-

ControllingControlling Exercises power and authorityExercises power and authority

5,5 Orientation5,5 Orientation

The New Managerial Grid,. Robert Blake and Jane Mouton, Houston: Gulf Publishing Company,1978,11

5,5 Orientation5,5 OrientationMiddle of the Road Middle of the Road

Moderate concern for production and peopleModerate concern for production and people Adequate organizational performance could Adequate organizational performance could

be achieved through compromise.be achieved through compromise. Group dynamics play a vital role-Acts in Group dynamics play a vital role-Acts in

response to group normsresponse to group norms Wants to be liked- does not want to “rock Wants to be liked- does not want to “rock

the boat” Goes along with the majority.the boat” Goes along with the majority. A 5,5 manager operates well within informal A 5,5 manager operates well within informal

groups. groups.

1,9 Orientation1,9 Orientation

The New Managerial Grid,, Robert Blake and Jane Mouton Houston: Gulf Publishing Company: 1978, 11

1,9 Orientation1,9 OrientationCountry Club ManagementCountry Club Management

Places high emphasis on feelings and Places high emphasis on feelings and emotions of employees.emotions of employees.

Neglects production aspect of the Neglects production aspect of the companycompany

1,9 manager desires to be liked by 1,9 manager desires to be liked by the employees.the employees.

High Profit Margin/Low CompetitionHigh Profit Margin/Low Competition

9,9 Orientation9,9 Orientation

The New Managerial Grid, Robert Blake and Jane Mouton, Houston: Gulf Publishing Company: 1978, 11

9,9 Orientation9,9 OrientationTeam ManagementTeam Management

Seeks to integrate both the production Seeks to integrate both the production and the human aspect-high concern for and the human aspect-high concern for production and people.production and people.

Engages the work forceEngages the work force EmpowermentEmpowerment TeamsTeams CommunicationCommunication

Blake and Mouton- Best leadership Blake and Mouton- Best leadership approachapproach

Theological Evaluation of the Theological Evaluation of the Managerial GridManagerial Grid

Concern for Production-defined as Concern for Production-defined as purposepurpose Purpose of leaders in the ChurchPurpose of leaders in the Church

Gospel ministryGospel ministry Great Commission- Matt. 28:18-20/Acts 1:8Great Commission- Matt. 28:18-20/Acts 1:8

Concern for PeopleConcern for People God’s special creation-manGod’s special creation-man

Image bearersImage bearers Gen. 9:5-6Gen. 9:5-6

God’s great love for man-Christ died for us.God’s great love for man-Christ died for us.

Theological Evaluation of the Theological Evaluation of the Managerial GridManagerial Grid

Concern for People-in God’s WordConcern for People-in God’s Word To take care of orphans and widows, poor. To take care of orphans and widows, poor.

(Deut. 10: 12–19; Is. 1:17; Matt. 25:35–45; (Deut. 10: 12–19; Is. 1:17; Matt. 25:35–45; James 1:27).James 1:27).

To love one another- (John 13:34–35; 1 Peter To love one another- (John 13:34–35; 1 Peter 1:22; 1 Peter 3:8; 1 Peter 4:8; I John 4: 7–8).1:22; 1 Peter 3:8; 1 Peter 4:8; I John 4: 7–8).

Jesus came as a servant and taught that to Jesus came as a servant and taught that to be in the Kingdom is to be a servant. (Matt. be in the Kingdom is to be a servant. (Matt. 20:25–28). 20:25–28).

A Biblical Application of the A Biblical Application of the Managerial Grid ?Managerial Grid ?

Concern for the Gospel, Concern for Concern for the Gospel, Concern for People-(__,__)People-(__,__) 9,9- High concern for the Gospel, High 9,9- High concern for the Gospel, High

concern for peopleconcern for people TeamworkTeamwork EmpowermentEmpowerment Spiritual Gift-Romans 12, 1 Cor 12, Eph. Spiritual Gift-Romans 12, 1 Cor 12, Eph.

4:11-124:11-12

The Gospel-The Power of The Gospel-The Power of GodGod

The power to save- Eph. 2:8 Rom The power to save- Eph. 2:8 Rom 1:161:16

The power to witness- Acts 1:8The power to witness- Acts 1:8 The power to proclaim His Word-1 The power to proclaim His Word-1

Cor. 2:4-5Cor. 2:4-5 Always Remember-the grace of God.Always Remember-the grace of God.