bites/stings yr 10 hpe. lesson overview venomous bites and stings snakebites spider bites insect...
TRANSCRIPT
Bites/StingsYr 10 HPE
Lesson Overview
Venomous bites and stings
Snakebites
Spider bites
Insect stings
Allergic reaction to a sting
Animal bites
Marine bites and stings
Venomous bites and stings
Animal bites and stings ->painful and some are potentially lethal
Occur frequently in the garden, at the beach, at home
Deadly bites=
-taipan
- brown snake
- tiger snake
- Funnel web spider
- Red back spider
- Blue-ringed octopus
Venomous bites and stings continued
Deadly stings=
-Cone shells
-Box jellyfish
Some stings can produce a potentially fatal reaction . . . Anaphylaxis
i.e. bee stings, wasps, ticks
Management techniques for specific bites and stings
Four main first aid techniques
-pressure immobilisation
-cold compress (icepack)
-vinegar
-hot water
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgY2Gts3P7E
Pressure Immobilisation
Cold Compress
Vinegar Hot water
snake bee Jelly fish from tropical areas
Stonefish
Funnel-web spider
European wasp Bullrout
Mouse spider Ant Stingray
Blue-ringed octopus
Non-tropical minor jellyfish
Catfish
Cone shell Crown-of-thorns starfish
Allergic reaction to any bite or sting
Bluebottle
Snakebite
Not a common occurrence in Australia
About 100 species of snakes in Australia
-20 of which are highly dangerous to humans
All snakebites should be considered as life-threatening
Signs and Symptoms
Puncture marks or scratches
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea
Headache
Double or blurred vision
Drooping eyelids
Bleeding from bite site
Breathing difficulties
Drowsiness, giddiness or faintness
Management
1. Follow DRSABCD
2. Rest and reassure patient
3. Apply a very firm pressure immobilisation bandage
4. Ensure casualty does not move
5. Call 000
Spider bites
Signs & Symptoms of a spider bite
Funnel web spider bite
Red-back spider bite
Additional symptoms
Sharp pain at bite site
Excess saliva Intense local pain which increases and spreads
Burning sensation
Profuse sweating
Confusion Small hair stand on end
Swelling
Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain
Muscular twitching and breathing difficulty
Headache Blistering
Numbness around mouth
Muscle weakness or spasms
Copious tears
Fast pulse
Increase blood pressure
Management
1. Follow DRSABCD
2. Lie casualty down
3. Calm casualty
Funnel web/Mouse Spider= pressure immobilisation bandage
Red-back= apply cold pack to site
Other bites=
-wash with soap and water
-Apply cold pack
Insect Stings
Stings are generally painful
Bee sting= stinger is left behind in the skin
Wasps= multiple stings
Ticks=
-feed on casualty's blood
-tick attaches themselves to body
Signs and Symptoms
Pain at site- sometimes extreme
Swelling and redness
Muscle weakness (tick)
Difficulty in breathing and swallowing (tick)
Itchy and painful blisters
Management
1. Follow DRSABCD
2. Apply cold compress
Bee Sting= remove sting-> scrape sideways with your fingernail
Tick bite= remove tick-> fine tipped forceps
Press skin around tick’s embedded mouth
Grip mouth part firmly, gently detach
Do not squeeze the body
Allergic reaction to a sting
Can happen almost immediately
Can result in a blockage of airway-> anaphylactic shock
Signs and Symptoms
Rash, itching
Swollen eyelids, face, or neck tissues
Altered voice
Wheezing
Respiratory distress
Altered state of conscious
Management
1. Follow DRSABCD
2. Apply pressure immobilisation bandage
3. Ask casualty if they are carrying an EpiPen
-determine whether they can administer EpiPen themselves
4. Ensure casualty keeps still
5. Conscious-> position patient that assists breathing
Animal Bites
Carry bacteria and other organisms in their mouths
Bites may puncture the skin
Untreated bites= likely to become
infected
Management
1. Follow DRSABCD
2. Control bleeding- direct pressure & elevation
3. Apply dressing and bandage firmly
4. Immobilise if bite on a limb
5. Seek medical aid
Tropical marine bites and stings
Box jellyfish
Sea anemone
Jimble
Management
1. Follow DRSABCD
2. Calm casualty-> restrain from rubbing stung area
3. Flood the entire stung area with vinegar for at least 30 seconds
4. Remain with casualty until help arrives
5. Be prepared to give CPR (if necessary)
6. Keep casualty resting