bis tools of it

04/08/23 Kamlesh Ghag

INFORMATION Defined as the characteristics of the

o/p of the process Is produced by all processes and it is

the value of characteristics in the process’ output that are information.


PROCESS A set of logically related tasks

performed to achieve a defined goals Is a instance of a program (running in a

computer)


Processing Transforming / Converting / Changing

the data into desired outputs


KNOWLEDGE An awareness and understanding of a

set of information and ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.


INFORMATION SYSTEM IS – set of interrelated components IS – provides a feedback mechanism to

meet an objective E.g. of IS are


Organization An organized group with a particular

purpose., e.g business System Collection of people/resources Objective is to make profits Maximize the stakeholders value


In any organization..

Inputs are Material / People / Money Outputs are Goods / Services

producedNote : Outputs have higher value than

Inputs.HOW ??


Inputs Transformation Mechanism

Decision Making

Outputs

DATA FLOW

DECISION FLOW

Material and Physical Flow

Value flow

Model of an Organization

Org System Process Subsystem


Objective / Goals of Organization Make Profits / Revenues Maximize the Stakeholders /

Shareholders value Who are responsible for this Money, People, Material, M/c,

Equipments, Information, Database, decision are constantly utilized.


Organization Structure Contains various subunits which

relates to each other and to the organization as a whole

WHY ?? for work decision, role assignment,

authority, responsibilities.


Types of Org. Structures 1. Traditional Generally – Hierarchical split

Structure Strategically to operationally High degree of Authority Corporate goals is major look out


2. Project OS Confined for particular period Forming of new team for new project Focused on prod / service as a center

point E.g ERP project


3. Team OS Focused on group / teams ( small or

large) Team is undefined E.g


4. Multidimensional OS Combination of TOS and POS It results in to Matrix WHAT are The Adv. and DIS-

Advantage? Several stru. Links at the same time Not preferred generally


5. Virtual OS Almost as Described (Incomplete) Temporary Geographically separated People can collaborate on any project


Organization Culture WHAT ?? To understand the beliefs / values /

approach for decision making To make assumptions which is not

documented and not stated.E.G :


Organization Change

Only constant thing It involves change-theories Identification of the phases and ways

to implement them Phase 1 – Unfreezing Phase 2 – Moving Phase 3 - Refreezing


Unfreezing Discarding / leaving / ceasing /

removing the old habits or methodologies and

To make a climate / way to change E.g.,


Moving Process of entry in to the new work

methods / methodology / system E.g.,


Refreezing Vital phase as the reinforcing the

changes made happen here Need is to know-how of the dynamics

of change Used to maximize the efficiency and

effectiveness of the organization system.


Re-engineering Redesigning the process for business processes, for org

structure change, for IS change, for change of value (of org.)

WHY Required ??WHAT are the benefits ??


Re-engineering is Required.. To remain competent To do any fundamental changes in

the business To gain / obtain the desired

breakthrough in business-results


Benefits of Re-engineering Increases productivity Increases service quality Enhance customer satisfaction Increases revenues / profitability


Technology Diffusion(TD) Diffusion means spreading over the

large area TD is spreading of technology widely

in an organization E.g :


Technology Infusion (TI) Infuse means spreading throughout. TI is spread or imbedded technology

in an organization E.g:


Total Quality Management Quality – Quality means ..a method, value-approach up to desired value

Management –?Management means.. a process of planning, organising, staffing, co-

ordinating and controlling the resources to achieve the business goals.


TQM – is methodology to sustain and maintain the quality commitment level of an organization with reference to the way of approach, tools, and techniques.


Total Cost of Ownership


Careers in IS


Please answer … How IS adhere to TQM in the

organization when integrated into business ??

bis tools of it

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