Name BIO 230 Exam 2

Directions: You may use your book, notes and text website to help answer the questions. You MAY NOT useany other person to help you answer the questions. Please maintain your own personal and academicintegrity. Thanks! Due 11:00 AM on 11/14/11

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which recombinant protein is widely used to digest milk proteins for making cheeses? 1) __D_____A) DNA ligase B) Insulin C) Casein D) Chymosin

2) Isolating and purifying a protein from biological materials to make a biotech product is known as: 2) __D_____A) Bioprospecting B) Bioengineering C) Biofermentation D) Bioprocessing

3) Quaternary structure of a protein refers to: 3) __C_____A) The number of amino acids in a polypeptide chainB) Alpha helical or beta sheet arrangements of protein structureC) The association of multiple polypeptide subunits to form a functional proteinD) The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide

4) Which of the following techniques is designed for separating and analyzing proteins 4) __C_____ according to their size? A) Microarray analysisB) Agarose gel electrophoresisC) Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisD) Affinity chromatography

5) ________ chromatography involves separating proteins by binding them to ligands. 5) __B_____A) Size-exclusion chromatography B) AffinityC) Electrophoresis D) Polyacrylamide

6) ________ involves separating proteins by differences in electrostatic charge. 6) __A_____A) Ion-exchange chromatography B) Affinity chromatographyC) Gel filtration chromatography D) Mass spectroscopy

7) Bioprocessing a protein often involves growing cells in carefully controlled environments using 7) __D_____ containers called: A) Chromatography B) Proteomes C) Electrophoresis D) Bioreactors

8) Cheese manufacturing involves enzymatic or microbial processing of the milk protein ________ to form a coagulated mixture called curd. 8) __B_____

A) Malt B) Casein C) Rennin D) Chymosin

9) Recombinant forms of this protease are used in laundry detergents to remove stains. 9) __A_____A) Subtilisin B) Insulin C) Streptokinase D) Casein

10) Which recombinant protein is used to stimulate red blood cell growth and production? 10) __A____A) Erythropoietin B) Insulin C) Interleukin D) Streptokinase

11) Which of the following is a native protein isolated from bacteria and used to digest starches? 11) __C____A) Chymosin B) Polymerase C) Amylase D) Cellulase

12) Rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherichia coli are called ________ based on the shape of these cells. 12) __B____A) Cocci B) Bacilli C) Gram positive D) Thermophiles

13) The uptake of foreign DNA into bacterial cells is called: 13) __C____A) Transcription B) Translation C) Transformation D) Transfection

14) Antibody-producing cells in humans are called: 14) ___C___A) Macrophages B) T cells C) Plasma cells D) Hybridoma cells

15) Baker's yeast or ________ are ethanol fermenting yeasts commonly used when making bread and 15) __C____ pizza dough. A) Thermusaquaticus B) Streptococcus thermophilusC) Saccharomyces cerevisiae D) Aspergillusniger

16) Which type of vaccine involves using a weakened pathogen incapable of replicating? 16) ___C___A) Inactivated vaccines B) DNA vaccinesC) Attenuated vaccines D) None of these choices

17) Streptoymceserythraeus is the bacterial source of which antibiotic? 17) __C____A) Ampicillin B) Penicillin C) Erythromycin D) Bacitracin

18) During calcium chloride transformation of bacteria, during which step does plasmid DNA bind to 18) __D____ bacterial cells? A) Brief electric shock following treatment with CaCl2B) Brief incubation with CaCl2 on iceC) Selection on antibiotic platesD) Brief incubation at 42°C

19) The use of a brief electrical shock to introduce DNA into bacterial cells is called: 19) ___D___A) Electrocution B) Electrophoresis C) Chromatography D) Electroporation

20) Which by-product of alcohol fermentation causes bread dough to rise and creates 20) __A____ bubbles in champagne? A) Carbon dioxide B) Oxygen C) NADH D) NAD+

21) Golden rice gets its characteristic yellow color from beta carotene that is converted into: 21) ___B___A) Vitamin D B) Vitamin A C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin E

22) The main purpose of creating FlavrSavr tomatoes was: 22) __D____A) To make tomatoes ripen fasterB) To improve the vitamin A content of tomatoesC) To make tomatoes taste betterD) To make tomatoes rot resistant

23) Which of the following techniques was used to create the FlavrSavr tomato? 23) ___A___A) Antisense RNA B) Transgenic technologyC) Stem cell technologyD) Gene knockout

24) Bt transgenic crops are designed to: 24) ___B___A) Improve nutritional value of cropsB) Provide resistance to insects C) Make crops cold resistantD) Make crops heat resistant

25) The microbial source of cry genes used to make insect-resistant transgenic plants is: 25) __A____A) Bacillus thuringiensisB) Thermus aquaticusC) Escherichia coli D) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

26) The first genetically modified food product available for human consumption in the United States 26) ___D___ was: A) Bt cornB) RoundUp Ready cornC) Golden riceD) theFlavrSavr tomato

27) Plant cells with their cell walls removed are called: 27) __D____A) Germplasm B) Calluses C) Protozoa D) Protoplasts

28) Responsible for crown gall disease in plants, this microbe is used to create transgenic plants 28) ___B___ incorporating Ti vectors.

A) Saccharomyces cerevisiaeB) Agrobacterium tumefaciensC) Thermus aquaticusD) Escherichia coli

29) The transfer of DNA into eukaryotic cells is known as: 29) __C____A) TransductionB) TranslationC) TransfectionD) Transcription

30) An enucleated egg cell: 30) __D____A) Contains an extra copy of a geneB) Has two nucleiC) Is a type of stem cellD) Lacks a nucleus

31) What types of cells fuse together to form hybridomas for making monoclonal antibodies? 31) __D____A) Liver cells and antibody-forming cells B) Bacterial cells and T cells C) Monoclonal antibodies and myeloma cells D) Myeloma cells and B cells

32) Which of the following approaches is not used to create a transgenic animal? 32) __B____A) Sperm-mediated DNA transferB) Embryo twinningC) Transfection of ES cellsD) Retrovirus-mediated transgenesis

33) Which of the following techniques involves using tiny DNA-covered spheres of gold or other metals to deliver transgenes into plant or animal cells? 33) __C____

A) Retrovirus-mediated transfer B) Calcium chloride transformationC) Gene gun D) Electroporation

34) ________ animals contain an inserted and functional gene from another source: 34) ___D___A) Polyploid B) Cloned C) Selectively bred D) Transgenic

35) ________ animals have been genetically engineered so that a specific gene is disrupted and 35) __C____ rendered nonfunctional.

A) Selectively bred B) TransgenicC) Knockout D) Cloned

36) Which of the following techniques has been used to clone sheep, cats, cows, and several other 36) ___A___ types of mammals?

A) Somatic cell nuclear transfer B) ElectroporationC) Therapeutic cloning D) DNA cloning

Calculations: show work and circle your answer.37. How much solute is required to prepare 1 L of a 1M solution of copper sulfate (CuSO4)? 63.55g + 32.07g + 16g= 111.62g

38. How much solute is required to prepare 1L of a 1 mM solution of CuSO4?111.62g (1/1000)= 0.11162

39. How much solute is required to prepare 300 mL of a 0.800 M solution of Calcium Chloride (CaCl2)?(40.08g + 35.45g)(300mL/1000mL)(0.8)= 18.13g

40. How would you prepare 500 mL of a 5% (w/v) solution of NaCl?(5g NaCl/100 mL solution) * 5= 25g NaCl/500 mL solution

You would weigh out 25g of NaCl, dissolve it in less than 500 mL of water, then, in a graduated cylinder or volumetric flask, bring to volume.

41. What does each factor in the equation C1V1 =C2V2 represent?C1 is the concentration of the stock solutionC2 is the final concentration neededV1 is the colume of stock solution requiredV2 is the final volume needed

42. How would you prepare 100 mL of a 1 M solution of TRIS buffer from a 2 M stock of TRIS?

Pour 50 mL of the 2M stock into a graduated cylinder or volumetric flask, then bring to volume with solvent.

43. Please describe the composition and common applications of the following buffers. TRIS buffer, TE buffer, and Breaking Buffer. Please use complete sentences.

A Tris buffer is any buffer with a Tris base, such as TAE buffer, TBE buffer or TE buffer. Tris is tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane. TAE buffer contains Tris base, acetic acid, and EDTA. TBE buffer contains Tris base, boric acid, and EDTA. TE buffer contains Tris base and EDTA. Tris buffers are used for solutions of nucleic acids and other components of living organisms to keep the pH between 7 and 9, so the components aren’t degraded and proteins aren’t denatured. Tris is also used to standardize acid solutions for chemical analysis. TE buffer is used to solubilize DNA or RNA, while protecting it from degradation. Breaking Buffer contains Tris-Cl, DTT, glycerol. It protects the structure and function of proteins and is used as an extraction buffer for ß-galactosidase purification