Definition:Definition:

The Bio-Medical Waste is the waste The Bio-Medical Waste is the waste that is generated during the that is generated during the

diagnosis, diagnosis, treatment or treatment or immunization of human immunization of human beings or beings or animals or in research animals or in research activities activities pertaining thereto, or in the pertaining thereto, or in the production or testing of biological production or testing of biological

components. components.

Bio-medical waste (BMW) is defined as the total Bio-medical waste (BMW) is defined as the total waste stream from a healthcare facility (HCF)waste stream from a healthcare facility (HCF)

Two basic categoriesTwo basic categories General Waste or Municipal WasteGeneral Waste or Municipal Waste Bio-Medical WasteBio-Medical Waste

General / Municipal General / Municipal WasteWaste

General WasteGeneral Waste Paper PackagingPaper Packaging Plastic packagingPlastic packaging Food preparationFood preparation And other items that haven’t been And other items that haven’t been

contaminatedcontaminated

Bio-Medical WasteBio-Medical Waste

Bio-Medical Waste (BMW)Bio-Medical Waste (BMW) Infectious wasteInfectious waste Hazardous wasteHazardous waste Harmful to humans and environmentHarmful to humans and environment

SOURCE OF SOURCE OF BIO-MEDICALBIO-MEDICAL WASTEWASTE

Biomedical Waste is generated Biomedical Waste is generated in:in:

Hospitals, Nursing Hospitals, Nursing Homes, Homes, Clinics, Clinics, Medical Laboratories, Medical Laboratories, Blood Banks, Animal Houses Blood Banks, Animal Houses

etc. Such a waste can also be etc. Such a waste can also be generated at home if generated at home if

health health care is being care is being provided there to provided there to a a patient.patient.

(e.g. injection, dressing (e.g. injection, dressing material etc.)material etc.)

ComponentsComponents

Solids:Solids:Catheters and tubesCatheters and tubesDisposable masks and scrubsDisposable masks and scrubsDisposable toolsDisposable toolsMedical glovesMedical glovesWound dressingsWound dressingsHuman Body PartsHuman Body Parts

Contd…Contd…

Liquids:Liquids:

BloodBloodBody fluids and tissuesBody fluids and tissuesCell, organ and tissue culturesCell, organ and tissue cultures

Contd…Contd…

Sharps:Sharps:Blades (Razor or Scalpel)Blades (Razor or Scalpel)Material made up glass such as slides.Material made up glass such as slides.NeedlesNeedles

Classification and ManagementClassification and ManagementSHEDULE ISHEDULE I

CategoryCategory Waste Type Waste Type Treatment and Disposal Method Treatment and Disposal Method

Category 1 Category 1 Human Wastes (Tissues, Human Wastes (Tissues, organs, body parts organs, body parts

Incineration / deep burial Incineration / deep burial

Category 2 Category 2 Animal WasteAnimal Waste Incineration / deep burial Incineration / deep burial

Category 3 Category 3 Microbiology and Microbiology and Biotechnology waste Biotechnology waste

Autoclave/microwave/incinerationAutoclave/microwave/incineration

Category 4 Category 4 SharpsSharpsDisinfection (chemical Disinfection (chemical treatment)+/autoclaving/microwaving treatment)+/autoclaving/microwaving and mutilation shreddingand mutilation shredding

Category 5 Category 5 Discarded Medicines and Discarded Medicines and Cytotoxic Drugs Cytotoxic Drugs

Incineration/ destruction and drugs Incineration/ destruction and drugs disposal in secured landfills disposal in secured landfills

Contd…Contd…CategoryCategory Waste Type Waste Type Treatment and Disposal Method Treatment and Disposal Method

Category 6 Category 6 Contaminated solid waste Contaminated solid waste Incineration/autoclaving / microwaving Incineration/autoclaving / microwaving

Category 7 Category 7 Infecious solid waste (waste Infecious solid waste (waste generated from disposable generated from disposable items other than the waste items other than the waste sharps such as tubings , sharps such as tubings , hand gloves , saline bottles hand gloves , saline bottles with iv tubes , catheters , with iv tubes , catheters , glass , intravenous sets.glass , intravenous sets.

Disinfection by chemical treatment+ Disinfection by chemical treatment+ microwaving/autoclaving & mutilation microwaving/autoclaving & mutilation shreddingshredding

Category 8 Category 8 Chemical waste(chemicals Chemical waste(chemicals used in production of used in production of bilogicals ,chemicals used in bilogicals ,chemicals used in disinfection as insecticides disinfection as insecticides etc.. etc..

Disinfection by chemical treatment+ and Disinfection by chemical treatment+ and discharge into the drains discharge into the drains

Segregation of BIOMEDICAL Segregation of BIOMEDICAL WASTEWASTE

Schedule - IISchedule - IIColor codingColor coding Type of containerType of container Waste category treatment option Waste category treatment option

YELLOWYELLOW non chlorinatednon chlorinated Plastic BagPlastic Bag

Cat 1,2,5,6 Incineration / deep Cat 1,2,5,6 Incineration / deep burial burial

REDRED non chlorinated plastic non chlorinated plastic bags/puncture proof bags/puncture proof container for sharpscontainer for sharps

Cat 3,4,7 Autoclave/microwave Cat 3,4,7 Autoclave/microwave /chemical treatment /chemical treatment

BlueBlue

tNon chlorinatedtNon chlorinatedPlastic bag/ Puncture Plastic bag/ Puncture proof proof

Cat 8 Autoclave/microwave Cat 8 Autoclave/microwave /chemical treatment / /chemical treatment / destruction shreddingdestruction shredding

BLACKBLACK non chlorinated Plastic bagnon chlorinated Plastic bag Muncipal waste Disposal in secure Muncipal waste Disposal in secure muncipal yardmuncipal yard

Generation of Waste

Segregation at source

Collection of Waste

Transportation Autoclaving & shredding

Treatment Incineration

A set up where biomedical waste, generated

from a number of healthcare units, is

imparted necessary treatment to reduce

adverse effects that this waste may pose.

De-chlorinated Color Coded Poly Bags Color Coded Dustbin/Container with lid Needle Cutter cum Destroyer Poster (Category Wise) Daily Record Register Sodium Hypo chloride Label/Sticker

Bio-Medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 1998

Industrial Health & Safety Rule

Source Source reduction reduction

Ways to lesser the amount of material Ways to lesser the amount of material

SegregaSegregationtion

MinimizatiMinimization on

Reduce or eliminate waste at source Reduce or eliminate waste at source

Engineering Engineering tools tools

Methods to reduce quality of waste Methods to reduce quality of waste (smaller containers)(smaller containers)

The segregation of biomedical waste into various categories and storage in four different coloured containers. The Biomedical waste shall be segregated into containers/bags at the point of generation in accordance with Schedule II prior to its storage, transportation, treatment and disposal.