BIOMATERIALSA BRIEF TALK ON BIOMATERIALS FROM ENGINEERING MATERIALS FROM:

THEERUMALAI GA , FIRST YEAR CIVIL ENGINEERING

Engineering material of substances derived from living tissues.

Abstraction of various states of biology based materials used in various

statements of micro-array experiments

Substance that has been engineered to interact with biological systems for a

medical purpose - either a therapeutic (treat, augment, repair or replace a

tissue function of the body) or a diagnostic one

Branch of BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING

Mix of MATERIAL SCIENCE and CELL BIOLOGY

High compatibility (Bio-compatibility)

Corrosion resistant

Physical , chemical and mechanical properties of the

material should not be degraded due to AGEING

Non-Toxic/Non-inflammatory/Non-carcinogenic

Mechanical strength

Electrical and Thermal conductivity

Not necessarily a living one

METALS & ALLOYS CERAMIC POLYMER COMPOSITE NANO

EXCELLENT

ELECTRICAL AND

THERMAL

CONDUCTIVITY

EG: COBALT

BASED

ALLOYS,TITANIU

M,

STAINLESS

STEEL, PLATINUM

HIGH

MECHANICAL

STRENGHT AND

BIOCOMPATIBILI

TY

EG: TRICALCIUM

PHOSPHATE,ME

TAL OXIDES LIKE

AL2O3,

CARBON AND

ALUMINA

POROUS AND

MACROMOLECUL

ES FORMED IN

NATURE DURING

GROWTH CYCLES

OF ORGANISMS

EG: PROTEINS

,NUCLEIC ACIDS

AND

POLYSACCHARID

ES

MIXTURE OF

TWO OR MORE

BIOMATERIALS

OF MACRO

SCOPIC SCALE IN

ORDER TO MEET

CERTAIN

REQUIREMENTS

OF PHY AND

CHEM PROPS

STAINLESS STEEL PREDOMINANT IMPLANT ALLOY

EASE OF FABRICATION & DUE TO IT’S MECHANICAL AND

CORROSION PROPERTIES

Co-Cr-Mo alloys IMPLANT FOR HIP ENDOPROSTHESIS

ASTMF-136 (Ti-6Al-4V, EL1) HIGH BIO-COMPATIBILITY

DENTAL APPLICATIONS SCREWS,WIRES AND

ARTIFICIAL TEETH

Ni-Ti SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY IS USED IN DENTAL ARCH

WIRES & IN MICRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS

CERAMIC IMPLANTS Al2O3 &

SiO2 FEMORAL HEAD

TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE

BONE REPAIRS

ALUMINA HIP & KNEE JOINTS ,

TIBICAL PLATE , FEMUR SHAFT,

TEETH ROOTS, RADIUS

CARBON COATINGS HEART

VALVES , BLOOD VESSEL GRAFTS

BIOPOLYMERSMUCO-

POLYSACCHARIDES,CHITIN,

COLAGEN AND DRUG DELIVERY

SYSTEMS.

OPTHAMOLOGY

o INTROCULAR LENSES

o CONTACT LENSES

o EYE SHIELDS

o ARTIFICIAL TEARS

o VITREOUS REPLACEMENTS

o CORRECTION OF CORNEAL

CURVATURE

DENTAL

o ARTIFICIAL TEETH

o IMPRESSION MATERIALS

o DENTINE BASE AND CEORONS

o REPAIR OF CAVITIES

o MANDIBLE SUPPORT