biology journal 2/10/2014
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Biology Journal 2/10/2014. Whenever blood enters the heart (either side), what do we call the chamber does it go into first? Where does it go second? What does it leave through?. Biology Journal 2/11/14. What do you think could happen to you if your blood suddenly lost all of its…. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Biology Journal 2/10/2014
Whenever blood enters the heart (either side), what do we call the chamber does it go into first? Where does it go second? What does it leave through?
What do you think could happen to you if your blood suddenly lost all of its…
Biology Journal 2/11/14
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
The Transport System
6.2 Transport SystemAssessment statement
6.2.1 Draw and label a diagram of the heart showing the four chambers, associated blood vessels, valves and the route of blood through the heart. Care should be taken to show the relative wall thickness of the four chambers. Neither the coronary vessels nor the conductive system are required.
6.2.2 State that the coronary arteries supply heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients.
6.2.5 Explain the relationship between the structure and function of arteries, capillaries and veins.
6.2.3 Explain the action of the heart in terms of collecting blood, pumping blood, and opening and closing of valves. collection of blood by the atria which is then pumped out by the ventricles into the arteries the direction of flow is controlled by atrio-ventricular and semilunar valves
6.2.4 Outline the control of the heartbeat in terms of myogenic muscle contraction, the role of the pacemaker, nerves, the medulla of the brain and epinephrine (adrenaline).
6.2.6 State that blood is composed of plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes) and platelets.
6.2.7 State that the following are transported by the blood: nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, antibodies, urea and heat.
Bloodletting: The ancient practice of removing blood from the body in order to cure illness.
• Nearly all cultures developed this and thought that it was a really good idea.
And the idea stuck for a really long time…
December 12, 1799: George Washington catches pneumonia after riding on horseback in the freezing rain.
December 14, 1799: George Washington receives 4 blood letting treatments from the best doctors of the day. They draw 9 pints of blood over the course of 1 day.
9 pints is equivalent to 1.25 gallons of blood
George Washington dies that night
Whoops.
So why’d George need all that blood anyways?
“I’m suing for medical malpractice.”
In every complete cycle, the blood travels through the heart twice.
• Oxygenated blood: has high concentration of O2. Low concentration of CO2.
• Always shown as red
• Deoxygenated blood: has high concentration of CO2. Low concentration of O2.
• Always shown as blue
What colors does blood have?
Where does blood go from being deoxygenated to oxygenated?
Plasma•Liquid part of the blood•Dissolves or carries all other components of blood.
What’s in your blood?
=
Some hospitals will pay money for plasma. Why would hospitals want to have a lot of plasma on hand?
What’s in your blood?
Leucocytes (White blood cells)•Phagocytes: “eat up” or phagocytosize pathogens and dead cells.•Lymphocytes (B-cells, T-cells) for immune response
Platelets•Clump together to make a blood clot. Initiated by clotting factors.
What’s in your blood?
Clots are good, but they can still have bacteria in them, leading to infection. Before antibiotics, the best way to ensure that a wound wouldn’t get infected would be to burn it shut, or cauterize, it.
Erythrocytes (Red blood cells)•Transport oxygen (through their hemoglobin proteins)
What’s in your blood?
Bloodletting Tools:
A Medical House of Horrors
Scarificators: The Height of Bloodletting Technology
Stephen Taylor http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Valves keep blood moving in one direction.•Atrioventricular valves: Two, between the atria and the ventricles.•Semilunar valves: Two, between the ventricles and the arteries that exit the heart.
Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart tissue itself.
Arteries• carry blood away from the heart. • Elastic and reinforced with muscle so
that they can expand under high blood pressure
• You can feel the arteries expand and contract when you take a person’s pulse!
Veins• carry blood back to the
heart. • Are thin because they’re
under low pressure• Have valves to prevent
backward flow of blood. • Blood is squeezed along
when skeletal muscles are flexed.
• 1 cell thick• Substances (especially O2 and CO2) can diffuse right
through them.
Capillaries
This is a microscope slide. What kind of blood vessel do you
think this is this? Why?
A microscope slide. Which is the artery and which is the vein? Why do you
think so?
Atherosclerosis: A condition where the arteries thicken and become blocked by the accumulation of fat, cholesterol, and/or white blood cells.
These are arteries with atherosclerosis.
Where do you think the original wall of the artery was? How big is the opening now?
When someone has Atherosclerosis, an artery often tears or ruptures, causing a blood clot to form at that location.
• Clot in the brain = stroke• Clot in the coronary arteries = heart attack
What are blood clots made out of?
The Heart Attack Grill: where skinny, over-sexualized waitresses celebrate obesity.
Control of HeartbeatA region of myocytes (muscle cells) called the sinoatrical node (or pacemaker) controls the heart beat rate. It contracts, sending a wave of contracting myocytes through the atria, then the ventricles.
Control of HeartbeatThe medulla of the brain speeds up heart rate when blood CO2 levels become high, and decreases heart rate when blood CO2 becomes low.
The hormone adrenalin causes rapid heart rate increase (fight-or-flight response)
http://library.med.utah.edu/kw/pharm/hyper_heart1.html
Youtube videos:Title: ”Nightline from ABC News : The Heart Attack Grill”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqf_SIQ3JAk
Title: “Dick Cheney speaks about heart troubles”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoTAPJPhch8
…almost exactly one year later Dick Cheney goes from saying he’s not going to get a transplant to getting one and the commentators discuss the debate of who gets transplants…
Title: “What's Hot: Age Debate over Heart Transplant List”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQx-uC4tGAY
Title: “Heart Anatomy.” An excellent summary of how the heart works.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H04d3rJCLCE