biological solutions for industry and the environment · meor (microbial enhanced oil recovery) oil...
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Biological Solutions for Biological Solutions for Biological Solutions for Biological Solutions for Industry and the Industry and the EnvironmentEnvironment
Oil Industry ApplicationsOil Industry Applications
�� Field operationsField operations
�� M IOR (Microbially Improved Oil M IOR (Microbially Improved Oil �� M IOR (Microbially Improved Oil M IOR (Microbially Improved Oil Recovery) Recovery)
�� Oil WellsOil Wells
�� Oil Pit & Tank Oil Pit & Tank
�� Waste minimizationWaste minimization
Field OperationsField Operations
�� Paraffin controlParaffin control
�� Scale controlScale control�� Scale controlScale control
�� Corrosion controlCorrosion control
�� DemulsificationDemulsification
Microbial Systems for Oil Microbial Systems for Oil
Recovery & Recovery &
Decontamination ProcessDecontamination Process
Paraffin Accumulations in a Paraffin Accumulations in a
Production SystemProduction System
Production TankProduction Tank
CasingCasing
TubingTubing
ParaffinParaffinRodsRods
PumpPump
Rat holeRat hole
ParaffinParaffinrelated related skinskin
DeltaGreen DeltaGreen technology for technology for paraffin paraffin management in management in the oil field.the oil field.
Accumulations in Accumulations in
Storage SystemsStorage Systems
Crude Oil Crude Oil & Water& Water
SludgeSludge--BS&WBS&W
CirculationCirculation
PumpPump
Mud Pit Treatment Using Mud Pit Treatment Using
Pumping SystemPumping System
Mud Pit Treatment Using Mud Pit Treatment Using
Pumping SystemPumping System
Mechanisms of Product Mechanisms of Product
Action on OilAction on Oil
�� Solubilization of paraffinSolubilization of paraffin
�� Production of fatty acids Production of fatty acids �� Production of fatty acids Production of fatty acids (paraffin solvents and (paraffin solvents and dispersants)dispersants)
�� Production of biosurfactants Production of biosurfactants (paraffin dispersants)(paraffin dispersants)
Bacteria in the EnvironmentBacteria in the Environment
�� Everywhere Everywhere
Smallest free living organismsSmallest free living organisms�� Smallest free living organismsSmallest free living organisms
�� Versatile Versatile
�� FunctionalFunctional
Microbial Solubilization Microbial Solubilization
WATERWATER
SETTLEABLESETTLEABLE
SOLIDSSOLIDS
HYDROCARBONSHYDROCARBONS
Microbial Solubilization Microbial Solubilization
INITIAL EFFECT: INITIAL EFFECT:
BIOSURFACTANT BIOSURFACTANT
PROMOTES PROMOTES
WATERWATER
SETTLEABLESETTLEABLE
SOLIDSSOLIDSPROMOTES PROMOTES
RELEASE OF OIL RELEASE OF OIL
FROM FROM
SAND/SEDIMENTSAND/SEDIMENT
SOLIDSSOLIDS
HYDROCARBONSHYDROCARBONS
Microbial Solubilization Microbial Solubilization
CONTINUING CONTINUING TREATMENT TREATMENT
REDUCES REDUCES VISCOSITY AND VISCOSITY AND
WATERWATER
SETTLEABLESETTLEABLEVISCOSITY AND VISCOSITY AND PROMOTES OIL PROMOTES OIL
COALESCENCE AND COALESCENCE AND BREAK OUTBREAK OUT
SETTLEABLESETTLEABLE
SOLIDSSOLIDS
HYDROHYDRO--
CARBONSCARBONS
Microbial Solubilization Microbial Solubilization
METABOLIC ACTION ON METABOLIC ACTION ON
WATERWATER
SETTLEABLESETTLEABLEMETABOLIC ACTION ON METABOLIC ACTION ON PARAFFIN IMPROVES PARAFFIN IMPROVES
LIQUIDITY AND ALLOWS LIQUIDITY AND ALLOWS PHASE SEPARATIONPHASE SEPARATION
SETTLEABLESETTLEABLE
SOLIDSSOLIDS
HYDROHYDRO--
CARBONSCARBONS
DeltaGreenDeltaGreen, LLC., LLC.
Products DescriptionProducts Description
�� Not genetically engineeredNot genetically engineered
�� Targeted mixtures Targeted mixtures
�� Chosen for specific appetiteChosen for specific appetite
Comparison to “Traditional Comparison to “Traditional
Chemicals”Chemicals”�� Traditional Traditional mechanismsmechanisms
•• Pour point depressantsPour point depressants
•• Crystal modifiersCrystal modifiers
�� New mechanismsNew mechanisms
•• Paraffin metabolismParaffin metabolism
�� Chain shorteningChain shortening•• DispersantsDispersants
•• SurfactantsSurfactants
•• SolventsSolvents
•• GasesGases
�� Chain shorteningChain shortening
•• Asphaltene controlAsphaltene control
�� Resin content modificationResin content modification
•• Frac polymer repairFrac polymer repair
�� Chain breakingChain breaking
•• Emulsion breakingEmulsion breaking
�� Wetting bridgesWetting bridges
Metabolic Digestion ComparisonMetabolic Digestion ComparisonTreatableTreatableProductProduct
ENERGYENERGYCOCO22
HH22OO
SURFACTANTSURFACTANT
1155
TCATCA
METABOLIC METABOLIC
CYCLECYCLE
Phase 1Phase 1
raw molecules raw molecules
dispersedispersePhase 2Phase 2
Molecules are Molecules are Phase 3Phase 3
Further Further
Phase 5Phase 5
Molecules are Molecules are
used in the Tri used in the Tri
Carboxylic Acid Carboxylic Acid
(TCA) metabolic (TCA) metabolic
cycle, leaving cycle, leaving SURFACTANTSURFACTANT
ACTION ACTION
STOPS HERE STOPS HERE
ENZYMEENZYMEPRODUCTS PRODUCTS STOP HERE STOP HERE
33
4422
CYCLECYCLEMolecules are Molecules are
cleaved to cleaved to
form fatty form fatty
acids & acids &
triglyceridestriglycerides
Further Further
cleaving cleaving
breaks down breaks down
fatty acids & fatty acids &
triglyceridestriglycerides
Phase 4Phase 4
Hydrogen and Hydrogen and
carbon carbon
molecules are molecules are
broken offbroken off
cycle, leaving cycle, leaving
carbon dioxide carbon dioxide
and waterand water
Surfactants TreatmentSurfactants Treatment
SURFACTANTSURFACTANT
RESOLIDIFIES RESOLIDIFIES --SURFACTANT SURFACTANT DISSIPATES. DISSIPATES.
NO BOD REDUCTIONNO BOD REDUCTION
+
RAWRAWMOLECULESMOLECULES EMULSIFIED EMULSIFIED
MOLECULES ARE MOLECULES ARE DISPERSED BUT DISPERSED BUT
UNCHANGEDUNCHANGED
Enzymes TreatmentEnzymes Treatment
RAW RAW MOLECULESMOLECULES
ENZYMES PARTIALLY ENZYMES PARTIALLY BREAK DOWN THE BREAK DOWN THE
MOLECULES. MOLECULES.
MOLECULESMOLECULES
ENZYMESENZYMES
+
NO BOD REDUCTIONNO BOD REDUCTION
DeltaGreen DeltaGreen TreatmentTreatment
RAW RAW
LEAVE ONLY LEAVE ONLY CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE
AND WATER.AND WATER.RAW RAW MOLECULESMOLECULES
BACTERIABACTERIA
AND WATER.AND WATER.
COCO22
HH22OOCOCO22
COCO22HH22OO
HH22OO
+
BOD REDUCEDBOD REDUCED
Wastewater & Septic TanksWastewater & Septic TanksWastewater & Septic TanksWastewater & Septic Tanks
Waste Management Waste Management
�� Degradation of componentsDegradation of components
�� Minimize intrusive activityMinimize intrusive activity�� Minimize intrusive activityMinimize intrusive activity
�� Possible reclassification of wastePossible reclassification of waste
�� Accelerate biological processesAccelerate biological processes
�� Mobilization for collectionMobilization for collection
Sludge VolumeSludge VolumeV
OL
UM
EV
OL
UM
E
Sludge and sediment are reduced Sludge and sediment are reduced with with DeltaGreen DeltaGreen solution.solution.
TIMETIME
VO
LU
ME
VO
LU
ME
Dosages / Water Flow Dosages / Water Flow
& Retention Considerations& Retention Considerations
SystemSystem MaintenanceMaintenance Based onBased on
WastewaterWastewater 100100--2000 ppm2000 ppm Flow VolFlow VolWastewaterWastewater 100100--2000 ppm2000 ppm Flow VolFlow Vol
Holding tanksHolding tanks150150--1000 ppm 1000 ppm Flow VolFlow Vol
or Lagoons or Lagoons (<1 day retention)(<1 day retention)
Holding tanksHolding tanks1010--150 ppm150 ppm Flow VolFlow Vol
or Lagoons or Lagoons (>1.0 day retention)(>1.0 day retention)
ResultsResults
Waste Treatment using Microbial Products
10
12
14
16
Lagoon 1Lagoon 2
Treatment Cell
Dairy Operation - Arkansas
0
2
4
6
8
10
0 2 4 6 8
Weeks
Treatment Cell
Crust - inches
ResultsResults
Waste Treatment using Microbial Products
25
30
Crust
Sludge
Swine Operation - Illinois
0
5
10
15
20
Depth of Solids
(inches)
6030150
Days
Sludge
Agricultural Waste Treatment Agricultural Waste Treatment
ResultsResults
�� Reduce ammoniaReduce ammonia
�� Improve air qualityImprove air quality
�� Reduce costs to maintain waste pitsReduce costs to maintain waste pits�� Reduce costs to maintain waste pitsReduce costs to maintain waste pits
�� Reduce fly / rodent problemsReduce fly / rodent problems
�� Reduce disease and mortality issuesReduce disease and mortality issues
ResultsResults
60
70
80
90
100
Microbial Treatment
Dairy Operation - Alberta Canada
Odor
Solids
Dairy Operation - Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
% Build up
0 2 14
Days
ResultsResults
Sludge depth
Ammonia
Crust
20
0
% R
ed
uc
tio
n
Animal Waste Treatment with Microbial Products
Dairy Farmer - Illinois
Dairy Operation - Illinois
100
80
60
40
0 15 30 60
Days
Sludge
Ammonia
Crust
% R
ed
uc
tio
n
ResultsResults
70
80
90
100
% C
on
ce
ntr
ati
on
Animal Waste Treatment - Devine, TX
Odor
Solids
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
% C
on
ce
ntr
ati
on
0 14 48 135
Days
Microbial Systems Microbial Systems
for Remediationfor Remediationfor Remediationfor Remediation
Advantages Of Advantages Of DeltaGreen, LLC. DeltaGreen, LLC.
Bioremediation ProductsBioremediation Products
�� Eliminates longEliminates long--term liabilityterm liability
�� Cost effectiveCost effective
�� Destroys contaminant Destroys contaminant
Selected, proven & safeSelected, proven & safe�� Selected, proven & safeSelected, proven & safe
�� No digging & hauling No digging & hauling requiredrequired
�� Minimum site disruptionMinimum site disruption
�� Integrated technologiesIntegrated technologies
LandfarmingLandfarmingIn Situ In Situ -- Ex Situ TreatmentEx Situ Treatment
Collection Collection systemsystem
Impermeable Impermeable barrier or linerbarrier or liner
SprinklersSprinklersMoisture Moisture ProbesProbes
Augmented BiopileAugmented BiopileExEx--situ Bioremediation Systemsitu Bioremediation System
Distribution Distribution SystemSystem CollectionCollection
SystemSystem
Sump
Pump withPump withlevel controlslevel controls
BermBerm Polyethylene SheetingPolyethylene SheetingBottom: 20 mm / Top: 6 mmBottom: 20 mm / Top: 6 mm
Bacterial Treatment Bacterial Treatment
Using A Horizontal ApplicationUsing A Horizontal Application
Pump in bacteria Pump in bacteria and nutrientsand nutrients
Ground levelGround level
Perforated Perforated Perforated Perforated pipepipe
Contamination plumeContamination plumeGround waterGround water
levellevel
Biological Augmentation OfBiological Augmentation OfA Pump And Treat SystemA Pump And Treat System
InoculationInoculationRecovery Recovery
WellWellInoculationInoculation
HorizontalHorizontalVerticalVertical
Well Well HorizontalHorizontalapplication application wellswells
ContaminatedContaminatedsoil andsoil and
groundwatergroundwaterplumeplume
VerticalVerticalapplication application
wellswells
Water tableWater table
Well Well withwith
pumppump
Free productFree product
60,000
80,000
TP
H
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n
(pp
m)
Hydraulic Oil Bioremediation
0
20,000
40,000
TP
H
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n
(pp
m)
0 1 2
Months After Treatment
Southwestern Manufacturing – Dallas, TX
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
TOTAL BTEX
Benzene
Tohuene
Ethyl benene
BTEX Bioremediation PlotBTEX Bioremediation Plot
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
m)
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
m)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ethyl benene
Xglenes
Service Station – PA Dept. Environmental Res
MonthsMonths
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
m)
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
m)
2500
3000
3500
4000
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
m)
#6 Fuel Oil Bioremediation Plot
Pre-Treatment2 Months Post-Treatment4 Months Post-Treatment6 Months Post-Treatment8 Months Post-Treatment
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
m)
A B C D E
Soil Pile
8 Months Post-Treatment
Manufacturing Plant - Pittsburgh
Sample of TPH reductionat a remediation site.
Remediation Results for Phase 1
35000
40000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Weeks
TP
H (
mg/k
g)
200200
Oil Industry Applications Oil Industry Applications --
Field OperationsField Operations
�� BioremediationBioremediation
�� Paraffin controlParaffin control
�� Scale controlScale control
�� Corrosion controlCorrosion control
�� MEOR (Microbial Enhanced MEOR (Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery)Oil Recovery)
Oil Industry Applications Oil Industry Applications
(cont.)(cont.)�� Waste MinimizationWaste Minimization
�� Frac RemediationFrac Remediation
DemulsificationDemulsification�� DemulsificationDemulsification
�� Tank CleaningTank Cleaning
BenefitsBenefits
�� Cost effectiveCost effective
�� Reduce operating expensesReduce operating expenses
�� Environmentally safeEnvironmentally safe�� Environmentally safeEnvironmentally safe
�� No adverse effectsNo adverse effects
�� Great Public Relations aspect Great Public Relations aspect
(Green Solution)(Green Solution)
Microbial Polymer BreakingMicrobial Polymer BreakingOffshore GOMOffshore GOM
�� Mature gas wellMature gas well
•• 0.1 psi/ft0.1 psi/ft
�� Fracture Fracture stimulated to stimulated to
DCP_0273
16% original size
stimulated to stimulated to restore gas prod.restore gas prod.
•• Borate XBorate X--link guarlink guar
�� 35# Viking frac 35# Viking frac fluidfluid
�� Stimulation killed Stimulation killed wellwell
• Holditch report
– Insufficient pressure to clean-up frac fluid
Frac-BacTreated
Gum-BacTreated
BrokenFrac Polymer
DeltaGreen, LLC.
c
Individual Well Production History
Stimulation Treatment
1000 Production
before treatment
Decline curve
10
100Decline curve
Production after treatment
Gas lift
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
BO
PD
Microbial Treatment
BenefitsMicrobial Product
• Release of oil deposits• Metabolic By-products:
SolventsC02
Organic acidsSurfactants
Benefits• Improved injectivity• Corrosion inhibition• Scale inhibition• Oxygen scavenging• More efficient sweep
Tank Cleaning / Oil RecoveryTank Cleaning / Oil RecoveryTank Cleaning / Oil RecoveryTank Cleaning / Oil Recovery
Paraffin Control, Paraffin Control, TanksTanks
Emulsion Breaking & Oil RecoveryEmulsion Breaking & Oil Recovery
WATERWATER
SETTLEABLESETTLEABLE
SOLIDSSOLIDS
INITIAL EFFECT: INITIAL EFFECT: BIOSURFACTANT BIOSURFACTANT
PROMOTES RELEASE PROMOTES RELEASE OF OIL FROM OF OIL FROM
CONTINUING CONTINUING TREATMENT TREATMENT
REDUCES VISCOSITY REDUCES VISCOSITY AND PROMOTES OIL AND PROMOTES OIL COALESCENCE AND COALESCENCE AND
METABOLIC ACTION METABOLIC ACTION ON PARAFFIN ON PARAFFIN
IMPROVES LIQUIDITY IMPROVES LIQUIDITY AND ALLOWS PHASE AND ALLOWS PHASE
HYDROCARBONSHYDROCARBONSSAND/SEDIMENTSAND/SEDIMENTCOALESCENCE AND COALESCENCE AND
BREAK OUTBREAK OUTSEPARATIONSEPARATION
Biological Cleaning of TanksBiological Cleaning of Tanks
Side viewSide view
SludgeSludge--Crude Oil & Crude Oil & SludgeSludge--Basic Basic
Sediment Sediment &Water&Water
Periodic recirculation followedPeriodic recirculation followedby phase separation.by phase separation.
Crude Oil & Crude Oil & WaterWater
PumpPumpCirculationCirculation
�� Cairns et al. ModelCairns et al. Model
•• Cells act as wetting Cells act as wetting bridgesbridges
•• Efficacy relates to cell Efficacy relates to cell surface hydrophobicitysurface hydrophobicity
Emulsion BreakingEmulsion Breaking
surface hydrophobicitysurface hydrophobicity
Discontinuous Phase Discontinuous Phase (droplet)(droplet)
BacteriumBacterium
Cell surface adsorbs Cell surface adsorbs to oil dropletto oil droplet
Bacterial cell formsBacterial cell forms
“Wetting Bridge”“Wetting Bridge”Point ofPoint ofCoalescenceCoalescence
Flow line Sample30 days well treatment
DeltaGreen, LLC. providing biological solutions for a clean, safe environment
Thank Thank you!you!