biological effects of environmental electromagnetic energy
DESCRIPTION
Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy. Andrew A. Marino, Ph.D. SOME USES OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM. RECOGNIZED BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY. Cooking of Tissue. Shock or Electrocution. Broadcast Frequencies. Power Frequency. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Biological Effects of Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Environmental Electromagnetic
EnergyEnergy
Andrew A. Marino, Ph.D.Andrew A. Marino, Ph.D.
![Page 2: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SOME USES OF THESOME USES OF THEELECTROMAGNETICELECTROMAGNETICSPECTRUMSPECTRUM
300,000 MHz
Microwave relay
30,000 MHz
SatellitesRadarAir navigation
3,000 MHz
UHF TVMicrowave ovensPolice radio
300 MHz
FM radioVHF TVMilitary satellites
30 MHz
ShortwaveHam radioCB
3 MHz
Marine radioAM radio
.3 MHz
Marine navigation
.03 MHz
Navy communications
.003 MHz
Electric power
![Page 3: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cooking of TissueCooking of Tissue Shock or ElectrocutionShock or Electrocution
RECOGNIZEDRECOGNIZEDBIOLOGICALBIOLOGICALEFFECTS OFEFFECTS OFELECTROMAGNETICELECTROMAGNETICENERGYENERGY
![Page 4: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Precautions To Prevent Burning & ShockPrecautions To Prevent Burning & Shock
Power Frequency
<10,000 microwatts
Broadcast Frequencies
![Page 5: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
U.S.-U.S.S.R. Split on the Safety U.S.-U.S.S.R. Split on the Safety Level for Electromagnetic BioeffectsLevel for Electromagnetic Bioeffects
ONLYONLYThermal BioeffectsThermal Bioeffects
ALSOALSONonthermal BioeffectsNonthermal Bioeffects
![Page 6: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Broadcast Radiation at Mt. WilsonBroadcast Radiation at Mt. Wilson
![Page 7: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
CITY LOCATION MICROWATTS
New York 102nd floor, Empire State Building 32.5
Miami 38th floor, One Biscayne Tower 98.6
Chicago 50th floor, Sears Bldg. 65.9
Houston 47th floor, 1100 Milam Bldg. 67.4
Broadcast Radiation in Typical Tall BuildingsBroadcast Radiation in Typical Tall Buildings
![Page 8: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Radar Levels Aboard the USS SaratogaRadar Levels Aboard the USS Saratoga
![Page 10: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Radiation LevelsRadiation Levels(in microwatts) Near(in microwatts) NearRutherford, New JerseyRutherford, New Jersey
![Page 11: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
American Embassy in MoscowAmerican Embassy in MoscowIrradiated at 2-18 MicrowattsIrradiated at 2-18 Microwatts
Source: U.S. State Dept. 1975Source: U.S. State Dept. 1975
![Page 12: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
APPLIANCEELECTRIC FIELD
(volts/meter)
Electric Blanket 250
Broiler 130
Phonograph 90
Refrigerator 60
Food Mixer 50
Hairdryer 40
Color TV 30
Vacuum Cleaner 16
Electric Range 4
Light Bulb 2
Power Frequency Electric FieldPower Frequency Electric FieldOf Household AppliancesOf Household Appliances
Source: U.S. Navy 1972Source: U.S. Navy 1972
![Page 13: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
10-25 gaussSoldering GunHairdryer
5-10 gaussCan OpenerElectric Shaver
1-5 gaussFood MixerTV
0.1-1.0 gaussClothes DryerVacuum Cleaner
0.01-0.1 gaussLampElectric Iron
Power Frequency Magnetic FieldPower Frequency Magnetic FieldOf Household AppliancesOf Household Appliances
Source: U.S. Navy 1972Source: U.S. Navy 1972
![Page 14: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
BART SystemBART SystemCauses MagneticCauses MagneticFields 1000 Times Fields 1000 Times Greater than theGreater than theNatural Background Natural Background FieldsFields
![Page 15: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Environmental Levels of Electromagnetic RadiationEnvironmental Levels of Electromagnetic RadiationIn Relation to Observed Biological EffectsIn Relation to Observed Biological Effects
![Page 16: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Power Frequency Fields of a 765 kV Line inPower Frequency Fields of a 765 kV Line inRelation to Observed Biological EffectsRelation to Observed Biological Effects
![Page 17: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Biological StressBiological Stress
![Page 18: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Total U.S. Funding for ElectromagneticTotal U.S. Funding for ElectromagneticRadiation Bioeffects StudiesRadiation Bioeffects Studies
![Page 19: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
US Electromagnetic-RadiationUS Electromagnetic-RadiationBioeffects Program for 1978Bioeffects Program for 1978
TOTAL: $10,100,000TOTAL: $10,100,000
Source: U.S. Commerce Dept. 1979Source: U.S. Commerce Dept. 1979
![Page 20: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• Artificial radiation in the environment10-6 - 104 microwatts
• About 100 studies — mostly Soviet —have shown bioeffects at more than1 microwatt
• Essentially no American studiesbelow 10,000 microwatts
• Stress
• Little funding by “public welfare”agencies
Summary: Biological Effects ofSummary: Biological Effects ofBroadcast-Frequency RadiationBroadcast-Frequency Radiation
![Page 21: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Artificial power-frequency electric &magnetic fields in the environment10-4 - 106 volts/meter
• About 80 studies have shownbiological effects
• Stress
• Little funding by “public welfare”agencies
Summary: Biological Effects of Power-FrequencySummary: Biological Effects of Power-FrequencyElectric and Magnetic FieldsElectric and Magnetic Fields
![Page 22: Biological Effects of Environmental Electromagnetic Energy](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56812a93550346895d8e4200/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Health Risk at Both Power andHealth Risk at Both Power andBroadcast FrequenciesBroadcast FrequenciesBased on Laboratory StudiesBased on Laboratory Studies
Synergistic Effects UnknownSynergistic Effects Unknown
Small Research EffortSmall Research Effort