biología molecular y celular capitulo 3 cirugia señalizacion celular, apoptosis, division celular,...

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!'$'^ %'$-$* 1 $-$* 6 103 . 2 4 ĀÂCĈB ĂÐBCĈ ĐÂÀCĈǼĈĀǺ ÁÂǼ ÁC DÂÀĈBAÅCCĐÂ ĎÂĆǼÅËÀÅČC ÀÂǼÐǼD ÀÅÀǼĈ ÁÂ ÁÅÈÅĎÅČC ÀÂǼÐǼD BÐÂDĐÂ ÀÂǼÐǼD ĊDĈĚÂÀĐĈ ĀÂCĈB ĂÐBCĈ CÐÂÈĎ ÂĎĐDĐÂĀÅĎ ĐÂDĊÃÐĐÅÀĎ ÀĈCĎÂÀÐÂCÀÅĎ ÃĐÅÀĎÕ ĊĎÅÀĈǼČĀÅÀĎ Ě ĄÐDǺÁÅÀĎ ?`n_` gjn \”jn j^c`io\ c\i \ph`io\_j hp^cj ip`nomjn ^jij^dhd`i ojn nj]m` g\ ]djgjb’\ hjg`^pg\m t ^`gpg\m* @nojn \q\i^`n om\inajmh\mi g\ km^od^\ _` g\ ^dmpb’\ ^jiqdmod‘i_jg\ `i pi\ ^d`i^d\ ]\n\_\ `i o‘^id^\n hjg`^pg\m`n k\m\ g\ km`q`i^d–i( `g _d\bi–nod^j t `g om\o\hd`ioj _` iph`mjn\n `ia`mh`_\_`n lpdm—mbd^\n* Oj_j `noj `n kjnd]g` bm\^d\n \ gj ^jin`bpd_j kjm `g Kmjt`^oj B`ijh\ Cph\ij( ^ji `g lp` n` km`o`i_` _`n`iom\”\m g\n dinomp^^dji`n b`i‘od^\n ^jhkg`o\n _` gjn n`m`n cph\ijn* @i jomjn om\o\_jn kp`_` `i^jiom\mn` pi\ km`n`io\^d–i _`o\gg\_\ _` gjn ^ji^`kojn api_\h`io\g`n _` g\ ]djgjb’\ hjg`^pg\m t ^`gpg\m*-.<lp’ km`n`io\hjn pi\ qdnd–i b`i`m\g _` `nojn o`h\n( ^ji `nk`^d\g cdi^\kd‘ `i gjn ^ji^`kojn t o‘^id^\n `g`h`io\g`n* ĀÂĆČC ĂECĆČ H`i_`g M’` `g kmdh`mj lp` _`adid– gjn b`i`n ^jhj `g`h`iojn lp` ^ji o`i’\i diajmh\^d–i t lp` k\n\i _` k\_m`n \ cdejn* Gjn b`i`n ^jiod`i`i `g _dn`”j `n`i^d\g k\m\ `g _`n\mmjggj _` ^\_\ di_dqd_pj* G\ `nk`^d\gd_\_ _` g\ ]djgjb’\ hjg`^pg\m i\^d– `i -500( ^p\i_j <q`mt _`hjnom– lp` `g <?I `m\ `g h\o`md\g c`m`_do\mdj lp` ajmh\]\ gjn b`i`n* @no\ diajm h\^d–i b`i‘od^\ n` om\inad`m` \g <MI t _`nkp‘n \ g\n kmjo`’i\n( _\i_j gpb\m \ g\ `skm`nd–i _` pi\n ^\m\^o`m’nod^\n ]djg–bd^\n `nk`^’ad^\n( j a`ijodkjn* @i g\ o\]g\ /)- n` m`nph`i gjn \q\i^`n api_\h`io\g`n `i `g ^\hkj _` g\ ]djgjb’\ hjg`^pg\m* @i `no\ n`^^d–i \i\gdu\hjn g\ `n omp^opm\ _` gjn b`i`n t `g <?I( \n’ ^jhj gjn kmj^`njn h`_d\io` gjn lp` g\ diajmh\^d–i b`i‘od^\ n` om\_p^` `i g\n ^\m\^o`m’nod^\n ]djg–bd^\n* ÂĶLKĹFLĹKĒ GĜ ĨİĶ HĜĪĜĶ M GĜĨ ÁĆ @g <?I `no ^jhkp`noj kjm _jn c`]m\n \iodk\m\g^g\n _` kjg’h`mjn ndi m\hdad^\m lp` n` `imjn^\i `iom` n’ ajmh\i_j pi\ c‘gd^` _j]g` _`s) om–bdm\ $adb* /)-%*/>\_\ pi\ _` g\n c`]m\n `no ^jhkp`no\ kjm ^p\omj odkjn _` _`njsdmmd]jip^g`–od_jn lp` ^jiod`i`i g\n ]\n`n \_`idi\ $<%( ^dojndi\ $>%( bp\idi\ $B% t odhdi\ $O%* Gjn ip^g`–od_jn `noi pid_jn kjm `ig\^`n ajnaj_d‘no`m lp` ^ji`^o\i `g ^\m]jij 1z_` pi bmpkj _`njsd) mmd]jn\ ^ji `g ^\m]jij /z_`g ndbpd`io`* <pilp` `g `nlp`g`oj _` \u—^\m t ajna\oj n` h\iod`i` ^jino\io`( g\n ]\n`n \_c`md_\n kp`_`i q\md\m t !# ^j_dad^\m _da`m`io`n n`^p`i^d\n _` diajmh\^d–i b`i‘od^\* G\n n`^p`i^d\n _` ip^g`–od_jn _` g\n c`]m\n jkp`no\n _`g <?I n` ^jhkg`h`io\i `iom` n’( k`mhdod`i_j lp` g\ diajmh\^d–i _` gjn `ig\^`n cd_m–b`ij `no\]dgd^` g\ `nomp^opm\ c`gd^jd_\g _j]g`* @i gjn k\m`n _` ]\n`n ^jhkg`h`io\md\n( < n` `hk\m`e\ nd`hkm` ^ji O t > gj c\^` nd`hkm` ^ji B* Oj_\ g\ diajmh\^d–i b`i‘od^\ cph\i\( j b`ijh\ cph\ij( ^jh km`i_` / S -,5k\m`n _` ip^g`–od_jn* Ndi `h]\mbj( h`ijn _`g -,! _` g\n n`^p`i^d\n _` <?I n` ^jkd\i \ hjg‘^pg\n _` <MI h`in\e`mj $<MIh%( lp` ^j_dad^\i kmjo`’i\n( j `i hjg‘^pg\n _` <MI `nomp^opm\g( ^jhj `g <MI _` om\ina`m`i^d\ $<MIo% j `g <MI md]jn–hd^j $<MIm%* >\_\ n`^p`i^d\ _` _dip^g`–od_jn _` pi\ hjg‘^pg\ _` <?I lp` m`bpg\ g\ n’io`ndn _` pi\ hjg‘^pg\ _` <MI api^dji\g m`^d]` `g ijh]m` _` b`i $adb* /).%* G\n hjg‘^pg\n _` <?I lp` ij ^j_dad^\i diajmh\^d–i b`i‘od^\ kp`_`i _`n`hk`”\m api^dji`n `nomp^opm\g`n p jom\n api ^dji`n _`n^jij^d_\n* Gjn b`i`n cph\ijn ^jiod`i`i c\]dop\gh`io` pi\ gjibdop_ npk`mdjm \ gjn -,,*,,, k\m`n _` ip^g`–od_jn( \pilp` g\ h\tjm’\ _` g\n hjg‘^pg\n _` <MIh lp` ^j_dad^\i kmjo`’i\n `noi ajmh\_\n njgj kjm pijn -*,,, k\m`n* G\ h\tjm’\ _` gjn ip^g`–od_jn `som\ ^jinodopt`i n`bh`iojn \g\mb\_jn _` n`^p`i^d\n ij ^j_dad^\_jm\n _`ijhdi\_jn diomji`n( lp` dio`mmphk`i gjn n`bh`iojn m`g\odq\h`io` ^jmojn _` n`^p`i^d\n ^j_dad^\_jm\n _`ijhdi\_jn `sji`n* Kjm `e`hkgj( `g b`i _` g\ odmjbgj]pgdi\ kjn`` /,,*,,, ]\n`n t /2 diomji`n( hd`iom\n lp` np <MIh od`i` njgj 4*3,, ]\n`n* Hn \_`g\io` _`n^md]dm`hjn gjn kmj^`njn kjm gjn lp` g\ diajmh\^d–i b`i‘od^\ ^j_dad^\_\ `i `g <?I n` om\inad`m` \g <MI t \ g\n hjg‘^pg\n kmjo`’id^\n* @g b`ijh\ cph\ij ^jiod`i` .0 hjg‘^pg\n _da`m`io`n _` <?I7 ^\_\ <?I od`i` -,n ]\n`n t q\ `i pi ^mjhjnjh\ di_`k`i_d`io`* Kjm ^jindbpd`io`( `g b`ijh\ cph\ij n` jmb\idu\ `i .. \pojnjh\n _da`m`io`n t _jn ^mjhjnjh\n n`sp\g`n _da`m`i^d\_jn* ?\_j lp` gjn n`m`n cph\ijn nji jmb\idnhjn _dkgjd_`n( ^\_\ ^‘gpg\ njhod^\ ^jiod`i` _jn ^jkd\n _` ^\_\ \pojnjh\ t _jn ^mjhjnjh\n n`sp\g`n( gj lp` c\^` pi ojo\g _` 02 ^mjhjnjh\n* N` c`m`_\ pi\ ^jkd\ _` ^mjhjnjh\n _` g\ h\_m` t jom\ _`g k\_m`* G\n ^‘gpg\n b`mhdi\g`n ^jiod`i`i njgj .. \pojnjh\n t pi ^mjhjnjh\ n`sp\g* >\_\ ^mjhjnjh\ di^gpt` om`n odkjn _` n`^p`i^d\n _` <?I `nk`^d\gdu\_\n( lp` nji dhkjmo\io`n k\m\ g\ m`kgd^\^d–i j g\ n`bm`b\^d–i _` gjn ^mjhjnjh\n _pm\io` g\ _dqdnd–i ^`gpg\m $adb* /)/%* K\m\ kj_`m m`kgd^\mn`( ^\_\ ^mjhjnjh\ kjn`` iph` mjn\n n`^p`i^d\n ^jmo\n t `nk`^’ad^\n _` <?I lp` \^o—\i ^jhj jm’b`i`n _` m`kgd^\^d–i* Pi n`bpi_j odkj _` n`^p`i^d\( _`ijhdi\_j LNW][mVN[X% ade\ `g <?I \g cpnj hdo–od^j _pm\io` g\ _dqdnd–i ^`gpg\m* @g o`m^`m odkj _` n`^p`i^d\ `n `g o`g–h`mj( lp` ^jiod`i` am\bh`iojn m`k`od_jn md^jn `i B t gj^\gdu\_jn `i ^\_\ pij _` gjn `som`hjn _`g ^mjhjnjh\* ?pm\io` g\ m`kgd^\^d–i _`g <?I( pi\ _` g\n c`]m\n _` <?I kd`m_` pi\n ^p\io\n ]\n`n `i np `som`hj /z _`]d_j \ gdhdo\^dji`n `i g\ h\lpdi\md\ _` m`kgd^\^d–i* Nd `noj ij n` m`h`_d\m\( g\n hjg‘^pg\n _` <?I n` dm’\i \^jmo\i_j kmjbm`ndq\h`io` kjm npn n`bh`iojn o`gjh‘md^jn ^ji ^\_\ .,-/* @gn`qd`m @nk\”\( N*G* M`n`mq\_jn oj_jn gjn _`m`^cjn

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Page 1: Biología Molecular y celular capitulo 3 cirugia señalizacion celular, apoptosis, division celular, proyecto genoma humano, tecnología ADN recombinante

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ĀÂCĈB �ĂÐB CĈ

ĐÂÀCĈǼĈĀǺ �ÁÂǼ� ÁC� DÂÀĈBAÅC CĐÂ

ĎÂĆ ǼÅË ÀÅČC� ÀÂǼÐǼ D

ÀÅÀǼĈ� ÁÂ� ÁÅÈÅĎÅČC� ÀÂǼÐǼ D

BÐÂDĐÂ� ÀÂǼÐǼ D

ĊDĈĚÂÀĐĈ� ĀÂCĈB �ĂÐB CĈ

CÐÂÈ Ď� ÂĎĐD ĐÂĀÅ Ď�ĐÂD ĊÃÐĐÅÀ Ď

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ĀÂĆČC �ĂEC ĆČ

H`i_`g�M’`�`g�kmdh`mj�lp`�_`adid–�gjn�b`i`n�^jhj�`g`h`iojn�lp`�^ji�o`i’\i�diajmh\^d–i�t�lp`�k\n\i�_`�k\_m`n�\�cdejn*�Gjn�b`i`n�^jiod`i`i�`g�_dn`”j�`n`i^d\g�k\m\�`g�_`n\mmjggj�_`�^\_\�di_dqd_pj*�G\�`nk`^d\gd_\_�_`�g\�]djgjb’\�hjg`^pg\m�i\^d–�`i� -500(�^p\i_j�<q`mt�_`hjnom–�lp`�`g�<?I�`m\�`g�h\o`md\g�c`m`_do\mdj�lp`�ajmh\]\�gjn�b`i`n*�@no\�diajm�h\^d–i�b`i‘od^\�n`�om\inad`m`�\g�<MI�t�_`nkp‘n�\�g\n�kmjo`’i\n(�_\i_j�gpb\m� \� g\�`skm`nd–i� _`� pi\n� ^\m\^o`m’nod^\n� ]djg–bd^\n� `nk`^’ad^\n(� j�a`ijodkjn*� @i� g\� o\]g\�/)-� n`� m`nph`i� gjn�\q\i^`n� api_\h`io\g`n�`i�`g� ^\hkj�_`� g\� ]djgjb’\�hjg`^pg\m*� @i� `no\�n`^^d–i� \i\gdu\hjn� g\� `n�omp^opm\�_`�gjn�b`i`n�t�`g�<?I(�\n’�^jhj�gjn�kmj^`njn�h`_d\io`�gjn�lp`�g\� diajmh\^d–i�b`i‘od^\�n`�om\_p^`�`i� g\n�^\m\^o`m’nod^\n�]djg–bd^\n*

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G\n kmjo`’i\n m`bpg\_jm\n _` b`i`n n` `skm`n\i `i k`lp`”\n ^\i!od_\_`n `i pi\ ^‘gpg\( t gjn _da`m`io`n odkjn ^`gpg\m`n `skm`n\i _dnodio\n n`g`^^dji`n _` kmjo`’i\n* <ndhdnhj( ^\_\ b`i kjn`` _da`m`io`n ^jh]di\!^dji`n _` g`h`iojn m`bpg\_jm`n lp` g` k`mhdo`i pi ^jiomjg _da`m`i^d\g _` g\ om\in^mdk^d–i b`i‘od^\* Hp^cjn b`i`n cph\ijn od`i`i hn _` ., `g`h`iojn m`bpg\_jm`n7 \gbpijn n` pi`i \ \^odq\_jm`n _` g\ om\in!^mdk^d–i( hd`iom\n lp` jomjn gj c\^`i \ m`km`njm`n _` g\ om\in^mdk^d–i* @i —godh\ dino\i^d\( g\ q`gj^d_\_ _` g\ om\in^mdk^d–i _`k`i_` _`g `lpdgd!]mdj `iom` \^odq\_jm`n t m`km`njm`n( t kp`_` n`m hn _` -,2 q`^`n h\tjm `i gjn b`i`n lp` n` `skm`n\i lp` `i gjn b`i`n m`kmdhd_jn* G\ h\tjm’\ _` gjn g`h`iojn m`bpg\_jm`n n` `i^p`iom\ \ pi\ ^d`mo\ _dno\i^d\ $\ hdg`n _` ip_`–od_jn% _`g kmjhjojm* @nojn `g`h`iojn m`bpg\_jm`n _dno\io`n n \^`m^\i \g kmjhjojm bm\^d\n \ g\ ag`sd–i _`g <?I( gj lp` k`mhdo` ^ji!omjg\m g\ \^odqd_\_ _`g kmjhjojm* @i m`nph`i( `g gpb\m t `g hjh`ioj _` g\ om\in^mdk^d–i _` pi b`i _`k`i_` _` g\ jh]di\^d–i _` gjn `g`h`iojn m`bpg\_jm`n t gjn odkjn _` kmjo`’i\n m`bpg\_jm\n `skm`n\_\n*

@g ^jiomjg kjnom\_p^^d–i m`km`n`io\ jomj k\nj dhkjmo\io` _` g\ m`bpg\^d–i _` g\ `skm`nd–i b`i‘od^\ _`]d_j \ lp` g\ h\tjm’\ _` g\n kmjo`’i\n `sk`mdh`io\i hj_dad^\^dji`n _` pij p jomj odkj*z H`m^`_ \ hj_dad^\^dji`n ^jhj g\ `n^dnd–i kmjo`jg’od^\( g\ ajmh\^d–i _` kp`io`n _dnpgapmj( g\ bgp^jndg\^d–i( g\ gdkd_\^d–i t g\ ]djodidg\^d–i( g\n kmjo`’i\n kp`_`i \g^\iu\m g\ jiadbpm\^d–i `nomp^opm\g ^jmm`^o\( `n`i^d\g k\m\ kj_`m `e`m^`m np \^odqd_\_ ]djg–bd^\* @no` kmj^`nj _` m`bpg\^d–i n` ^jhkgd^\ ^jind_`m\]g`h`io` _`]d_j \ hj_dad^\^dji`n \_d^dji\g`n _` gjn \hdij^d!_jn lp` kp`_`i kmj_p^dmn` i _da`m`io`n gpb\m`n _` pi\ kmjo`’i\* >jhj `e`hkgjn _` hj_dad^\^d–i _` \hdij^d_jn ^\]` ^do\m g\ ajnajmdg\^d–i( g\ \^`odg\^d–i( g\ h`odg\^d–i( g\ p]d^pdodi\^d–i t g\ nphjdg\^d–i*

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G\n ip^g`\n\n _` m`nomd^^d–i nji `iudh\n ]\^o`md\i\n lp` ^jmo\i g\ _j]g` `nkdm\g _`g <?I `i n`^p`i^d\n `nk`^’ad^\n _` 0)4 ip_`–od_jn* N` c\i \dng\_j hn _` 0,, ip^g`\n\n _` m`nomd^^d–i \ k\modm _` _dn!odio\n `nk`^d`n ]\^o`md\i\n( t nji ^\k\^`n _` m`^jij^`m hn _` -,, n`!^p`i^d\n `nk`^’ad^\n _da`m`io`n* D*\n `iudh\n _` m`nomd^^d–i podgdu\_\n c\]dop\gh`io` np`g`i m`^jij^`m pi\ n`^p`i^d\ k\gdi_m–hd^\ _` n`dn k\m`n _` ]\n`n( ^jhj B<<OO>* >\_\ ip^g`\n\ _` m`nomd^^d–i ^jmo\ g <?I `i pi\ n`md` _` am\bh`iojn `nk`^’ad^jn* @nojn am\bh`iojn kp`_`i qjgq`m \ pidmn` ji jomjn am\bh`iojn _` <?I ^ji gjn hdnhjn `som`hjn ^jc`ndqjn $adb* /)2+-%* >jh]di\i_j _da`m`io`n `iudh\n _` m`nomd^^d–i `n kjnd]g` ^m`\m pi h\k\ _` m`nomd^^d–i _` ^\_\ <?I( gj lp` a\^dgdo\ `g \dng\hd`ioj _` ^\_\ pij _` gjn b`i`n*

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