Biodiversity Conservation – week 10

Marco Pautasso (marpauta at gmail.com)

London Metropolitan Univ. - 2010

Biodiversity and human well-being

Townsend et al. (2007) Urban Forestry and Greening

Why visiting a botanic garden?

Ward et al. (2010) Urban Forestry and Greening

Why visiting a botanic garden?

Hannah (2010) Conservation Biology

Tree species distribution shifts after the last ice age

Living collections of the world’s botanic gardens

Botanica Helvetica (2007)

Reversed latitudinal gradient for the species richness of the world’s botanic gardens

Botanica Helvetica (2007)

Area vs. age and latitude vs. age for the world’s botanic gardens

Botanica Helvetica (2007)

Human impacts on biodiversity

Habitat fragmentation, degradation and loss

Water, air and soil pollution

Species introductions

Climate change

Trade, travel, transportation and tourism

Mawdsley et al. (2010) Conservation Biology

Biological Reviews (2010)

Source: UNEP

Climate change and trade route shifts

Prowse et al. (2009) Ambio

Trade route shifts and pollution

Lari et al. (2009) Natural Hazards and Earth Systems Science

Multiple risks in Lombardia, Italy

floods/landslides wildfire

meteorologicalearthquakes

road accidentsindustrial

work injuries

Syphard et al. (2009) Conservation Biology

Fires, people and land use in the Mediterranean

Lejeusne et al. (2010) Trends in Ecology & Evolution

Projected sea-level rise

Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology

Walther et al. (2009) Trends in Ecology & Evolution

Native

Cryptogenic

Trailing Edge

Invasion

Founder population

Alien

Voltinism

Introduction

Naturalization

Casual

Invasive species: some terms

Walther et al. (2009) Trends in Ecology & Evolution

Invasive species and climate change

Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology

Climate change and spatial scale

Bradley (2009) Ecography

Climate change and ecosystem

shifts

From: Denis Loustau (2006) Wilton Park Conference

Climate change and plant distribution shifts

Climate change and shifts in tree species distribution

Fuhrer et al. (2006) Climatic Change

Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology

Climate change and topography

Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology

Temperature vs. precipitation change

Mediterranean climate

Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas

Temperate (cool) oceanic climate

Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas

Tropical wet climate

Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas

Tropical climate with dry/wet season

Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas

The tropics defined in terms of temperatures

Wright et al. (2009) Conservation Biology

Tropics, temperatures and land use

Wright et al. (2009) Conservation Biology

Climate change, glaciers and

water availability

Xu et al. (2009) Conservation Biology

[CO2]

from MacKay (2008) Sustainable Energy

[CO2]

Psenner & Sattler (2009) EURAC Conference

Fox et al. (2009) Frontiers in the Ecology and the Environment

Carbon emissions of conservation biologists

CO2 emissions (2000) per person per country

from MacKay (2009) Sustainable Energy

NIMBY

from MacKay (2009) Sustainable Energy

ReferencesHarwood TD, Xu XM, Pautasso M, Jeger MJ & Shaw M (2009) Epidemiological risk assessment using linked network and grid based modelling: Phytophthora ramorum and P. kernoviae in the UK. Ecological Modelling 220: 3353-3361 Jeger MJ & Pautasso M (2008) Plant disease and global change – the importance of long-term data sets. New Phytologist 177: 8-11MacLeod A, Pautasso M, Jeger MJ & Haines-Young R (2010) Evolution of the international regulation of plant pests and challenges for future plant health. Food Security 2: 49-70 Moslonka-Lefebvre M, Pautasso M & Jeger MJ (2009) Disease spread in small-size directed networks: epidemic threshold, correlation between links to and from nodes, and clustering. Journal of Theoretical Biology 260: 402-411Moslonka-Lefebvre M, Finley A, Dorigatti I, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Harwood T, Jeger MJ, Xu XM, Holdenrieder O & Pautasso M (2011) Networks in plant epidemiology: from genes to landscapes, countries and continents. Phytopathology 101: 392-403Pautasso M (2009) Geographical genetics and the conservation of forest trees. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Systematics & Evolution 11: 157-189Pautasso M & Chiarucci A (2008) A test of the scale-dependence of the species abundance-people correlation for veteran trees in Italy. Annals of Botany 101: 709-715 Pautasso M & Dinetti M (2009) Avian species richness, human population and protected areas across Italy’s regions. Environmental Conservation 36: 22-31Pautasso M & Fontaneto D (2008) A test of the species-people correlation for stream macro-invertebrates in European countries. Ecological Applications 18:1842-1849Pautasso M & Jeger MJ (2008) Epidemic threshold and network structure: the interplay of probability of transmission and of persistence in directed networks. Ecological Complexity 5: 1-8Pautasso M & Powell G (2009) Aphid biodiversity is correlated with human population in European countries. Oecologia 160: 839-846Pautasso M & Weisberg PJ (2008) Density-area relationships: the importance of the zeros. Global Ecology and Biogeography 17: 203-210Pautasso M & Zotti M (2009) Macrofungal taxa and human population in Italy's regions. Biodiversity & Conservation 18: 473-485Pautasso M et al (2010) Plant health and global change – some implications for landscape management. Biological Reviews 85: 729-755Pautasso M et al (2011) Global macroecology of bird assemblages in urbanized and semi-natural ecosystems. Global Ecology & Biogeography 20: 426-436Pecher C, Fritz S, Marini L, Fontaneto D & Pautasso M (2010) Scale-dependence of the correlation between human population and the species richness of stream macroinvertebrates. Basic Applied Ecology 11: 272-280Schlick-Steiner B, Steiner F & Pautasso M (2008) Ants and people: a test of two mechanisms behind the large-scale human-biodiversity correlation for Formicidae in Europe. Journal of Biogeography 35: 2195-2206Steck CE & Pautasso M (2008) Human population, grasshopper and plant species richness in European countries. Acta Oecologica 34: 303-310Xu XM, Harwood TD, Pautasso M & Jeger MJ (2009) Spatio-temporal analysis of an invasive plant pathogen (Phytophthora ramorum) in England and Wales. Ecography 32: 504-516