NAME :- ABHISHEK KUMARJATAV

ROLL NO :- 16459SUBMITTED TO:- DR.

SUNANDASINHA

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CONTENTS What is Biodiversity? Types of Biodiversity

• Species Biodiversity• Genetic Biodiversity• Ecosystem Biodiversity

Benefits of Biodiversity Threats to Biodiversity Conservation of Biodiversity

• In-situ Conservation• Ex-situ Conservation

Biodiversity in IndiaSLIDE NO : 03

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BIODIVERSITY• Biodiversity, a contraction of "biological diversity," generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth.

• It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems.

• Biodiversity include variability of genes, variety of species and population in different ecosystem (terrestrial & aquatic).

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TYPES OF BIODIVERSITY1. Genetic diversity : Variety in the

genetic makeup among individuals within a species.

2. Species diversity : Variety among the species or distinct types of living organisms found in different habitats of planet.

3. Ecosystem or ecological diversity : Variety of forests, deserts, grasslands, streams, lakes, oceans, coral reefs, wetlands and other biological communities.

BENEFITS OF BIODIVERSITY Biodiversity increases the

stability of ecosystems. Biodiversity increases resilience of ecosystems providing them with more strength to recover/bounce back after something happens. Biodiversity benefits agriculture. More food=more option for growing food and providing for our growing population. Biodiversity provides an environment rich with medicines and related products. Biodiversity benefits the economy by generating money through tourism and recreation.

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THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY

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IMPACTS OF BIODIVERSITY LOSS• Climatic, water, soil instability.

• Productivity loss in natural & agricultural ecosystems• Loss of livelihood resources• Loss of critical health/nutrition inputs• Less resilience for farmers/pastoralists, narrowing genetic base for country’s agriculture• Loss of potential medicinal and industrial benefits• Erosion of traditional knowledge base

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CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY Protecting the loss of biodiversity.

Both in situ and ex situ methods of biodiversity conservation are equally important. Preserving the habitat is the most important issue in the conservation of biodiversity. Since chemical pesticidesare responsible for a large no of animal deaths occuring every year, minimizing the use of chemical pesticides is another technique for the survival of biodiversity. Conservation of biodiversity through establishment of protected areas like National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserves, Marine Reserves etc.

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BIODIVERSITY IN INDIA India is one of the 12 mega-biodiversity countries of the world. It is estimated that 70% of the world’s total flowering plants occur in India. Indian gets 10th place in the world and 4th in Asia among these 12 mega-diverse countries. India has 10 biogeographic zones. They are Trans- Himalaya, Himalaya, Desert, Semi-arid, Western ghats, Deccan Peninsula, Gangetic plain, Coasts, North- East, Islands. It is among top 10-15 nations of the world for its great diversity of plant life, especially flowering plants. India is a source of traditional crop varieties ranking first amongest the 12 regions of diversity of crops plants and seventh in the contribution of agricultural species. SLIDE NO : 16

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