BIODIESEL FROM BIODIESEL FROM KAPOK SEEDS OILKAPOK SEEDS OIL

By Group 8Agus Aktawan (Chemical Engineering)Bram Styawan (Electrical Engineering)

Humaidi Usman (Mechanical Engineering)

TOTAL WORLD OIL RESERVES

TOTAL ENERGY DEMAND

ENVIRONMENT DESTRUCTION

UNEMPLOYEE

GREEN ENERGY PROGRAMPROBLEM

RENEWABLE ENERGY

What for?What for?

PROFIT???

AWARENESS OF ENVIRONMENT

OPTIMIZING THE POTENTIAL

IMPROVEMENT SKILL AND

KNOWLEDGE

MOTIVATING THE USE

START!!START!!!!

PLANNINGPLANNINGBIGproject

Pasuruan, East JavaCapacity plant : 30000m2 Product : Bio-Diesel (65 million kg/year)

Time : periodical (subtitution)

ControllingControlling

OPERATIONAL

RAW MATERIAL

1.PLANT2. BUY

CENTRAL(Pasuruan)

branch

branch branch

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WORKER

InfoInfo Biodiesel is a product resulted from chemical reaction of

vegetable oil that has same character s like diesel fuel Kapok is in Ordo Malvales dan famili Malvaceae Known as kapas Jawa or kapok Jawa, or kapas-sutra tree Several functions of Kapuk Tree, especially as pillow

stuffing, but....

Long time ago, Kapuk Randu seeds known as a “waste product”

Biodisel SpecificationBiodisel Specification

standard biodiesel yang sesuai dengan SNI 04-7182-2006

Why Kapok?Why Kapok? Getting from renewable raw material Number of Cetane is High High viscocity Local production Low sulfur contaminated Decreasing the smoke opacity level Decreasing the emition problems Increasing the number of biodegradability product (mix)

Area Source,Area Source,tahun areal (Ha) produksi (ton) produktivitas2006 82.270 28.506 5582007 82.270 28.506 5582008 79.953 30.011 5822009 80.963 30.718 595

rata-rata 80.963 29.435 573Perkebunan Rakyat in East Jawa = 75.384 Ha

- Kabupaten Pasuruan =14.924 Ha,- Sumenep = 9.742 Ha, - Probolinggo = 5.786 Ha, - Ngawi = 3.776 Ha,- Lamongan = 3.528 Ha,- Bangkalan = 3.531 Ha,- Ponorogo = 3.226 Ha,- Madiun = 3.048 Ha, - Blitar = 2.830 Ha, - Bojonegoro = 2.755 Ha,- Sampang = 1.905 Ha, - Malang = 1.625 Ha

Table. Field Development, production and productivity of kapuk Randu in East Java

The Process of Making BiodieselThe Process of Making Biodiesel

1. Kapok seeds collecting1. Kapok seeds collecting

Kapok seed oil is obtained from pressing the kapok seeds,kapok seeds itself are getting from Pasuruan, with

a land area of  kapok tree is 12,604 ha with the number of 2,048,757 trees and the production reaches 4170 tons with a yield reached 7900 tons of seed kapok.

2. Kapok Seed pressing2. Kapok Seed pressing

Pressed kapok seeds were conducted to obtain kapok seed oil. This pressing using a screw press equipment because it can produce maximum kapok seed oil:

Oil Pressing DiagramOil Pressing Diagram

3. Oil filtering3. Oil filtering

Oil filtering is done to get more clean oil and free from particles or  dirty,  this filter use the filter press tool.

4. Biodiesel Production Process4. Biodiesel Production Process The process of making biodiesel is made from the esterification

process or reaction processes from kapok seeds oil with methanol that catalyzed by H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid) then continue with the transesterification process  of esterification process result with methanol that catalyzed by NaOH (Natrium Hydroxide).

Esterification and Esterification and Transesterification ProcessTransesterification Process

PROCESS ENGINEERING FLOW DIAGRAMBIODIESEL PLANT FROM KAPOK SEEDS OIL DAN METANOL

CAPACITY 65.000 TON / YEAR

MD

P-06

Methanol

P-01

1

130

TC

Steam

LC

TC

SteamRB

160

2.1

320

AC-03

P-16

Water

RC FC

LC

R-01LC

TC

Water

3

130

P-05

1.9

121.86

CL-03

TC

Water

D-01

130

P-03

TP-03

D-02

AC-01

NaOH

CL-02

BIODIESEL

D-04

D-03

GLISEROL

130

CL-01

OIL

M-01

M-02

GLISEROL

R-02

2

130

4

160

1605

1

30

1306

130

9

13010

160

13011

1

3016

2125

P-10

P-13

P-15

17

18

P-17

8

130

AC-021

3015

LC

TC

Water

TC

Steam

Steam

TC

UPL

P-12

P-14

1307

13012

13013

13014

LI

LI

LI

TC

P-11

TC

Water

TC

Water

HE-03

Steam

HE-04

HE-05

TC

Steam

HE-01

HE-02

CD-01

TC

FC

FC

FC

UPLFC

RC

RC

CH3COOH

P-04

FC

FC

RC

FC

301

P-02

P-07

P-08

P-09

LI

H2SO4

N-01

LI

LI

LI

1101,03

19

1

101,03

20

UPL

Economic AnalysisEconomic Analysis Production cost of biodiesel from kapok seeds oil for the capacity 65.000

Ton/year- kapok seeds oil prices.............Rp 5.000 per kg- Catalist prices (NaOH).............$ 0,22 per Kg- Methanol prices......................$ 0,46 per Kg- H2SO4 prices.........................$ 0,35 per Kg- Energy prices.........................Rp 5.000 per liter- Glycerol prices.......................$ 26,15 per liter

Potensial convertion of kapok seeds oil become biodesel in high capacity of production.

Feasibility studyFeasibility study For the feasibility study, we have done the rude

calculation and we get the value from our calculation is :1. ROI : 23 %2. POT : 3,23 year3. POS : 20,25 %4. BEP : 45,52 %5. SDP : 19,68 %6. i Factor : 27,95 %

OptimizationOptimization

Composition of methanol and catalist of NaOH (reaction temperature sets in 550 C – 600 C)

Stirring process Heating temperature The purity of catalist Convertion of biodiesel reaction.

Management Management ProductionProduction

CENTRAL(Pasuruan)

branch

branch branch

branch branch

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farmer

farmer farmer

farmer

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PLN

Local Industry

PERTAMINA

Structure...Structure... HEAD DIRECTOR

MANAGER SECRETARY MANAGER

SUPERVISORSUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR

OPERATOROPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR

FOREMANFOREMAN FOREMAN FOREMAN FOREMAN

LABORLABOR LABOR LABOR LABOR

HEAD OPERATIONAL

Position Qualification total

Director Engineer 1

Manager Engineer 1

Manager Engineer 1

Secretary Management or Social 3

Expert Engineer 3

Head Staff Engineer 6

Supervisor All discipline 14

Foreman All discipline 8

Operator Senior High School 46

Security Senior High School 12Driver Junior High School or less 5

Servant Junior High School or less 5

105

Last...Last...

Nothing useless in Allah’s wish

Thank’s.......

Emition ComparisonEmition Comparison

Sumber : Peramalan Badan Energi Internasional (IEA)Sumber : Peramalan Badan Energi Internasional (IEA)

http://www.greenradio.fm/technology/89-solar-cell/4081-mengapa-energi-terbarukan-dibutuhkan

World Energy ReservalWorld Energy Reserval

Cadangan Minyak Bumi di IndonesiaCadangan Minyak Bumi di Indonesia

Sumber : Ditjen Migas, diolah Pusdatin

Diprediksi akan habis dalam jangka waktu 10-12 tahun

1 kg of biodiesel could produce 37,8 M Joule. It’s equal to 10,5 KWHand enough for turn on the lamp by spesification 25 Watt during 420 hour

MaterialsMaterials

Local name latin source

- jarak pagar Jatropha Curcas Seed

- jarak kaliki Riccinus Communis Seed

- kacang suuk Arachis Hypogea Seed

- kapuk/randu Ceiba Pantandra Seed

- karet Hevea Brasiliensis Seed