biobanks - building the road to personalized medicine. olli carpen, university of helsinki
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Biobanks – building the road to personalized medicine
Olli CarpénProfessor and Research Director
University of Helsinki, Helsinki Biobank and University of Turku
Upgraded Life Festival 310516
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Molecular disease mechanismsReading the human genome Plethora of new treatment methodsSurging health care costs
Patient, health care, pharma industry
The wave is coming – are we prepared?
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What is personalized medicine? • Personalized medicine (at its best) transfers new information and
treatment modalities without delay to clinical care• ”right treatment, at a right time, to the right patient”
• Personalized medicine requires in depth profiling of each individual’s disease
• And techniques to identify the relevant features (diagnostics)• And methods for selecting the optimal treatment for each patient
• Personalized medicine approach makes the extensive clinical trials useless (n = 1)
• And treatment recommendations at current way cannot be provided
• Artificial intelligence (e.g. Dr. Watson) will play a major role decision making
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Biobanks provide the roadmap for the transfer of novel information to patient care
CURRENT”reactive medicine”• Wait for symptoms or gross
evidence of diasease• Anatomic and functional
imaging, biochemistry, morphological analysis
• ICD-10 diagnosis• ”One size fits all” therapy• Evidence based = slow
changes
FUTURE”P4 medicine”• Preventive• Predictive • Personalized • Participatory• Data driven = dynamic
changes
Methods for earlier detection or prevention of individuals at risk
More specific biomarkers
More rapid drug development
Better trial design by cohort stratification based on clinical and molecular features
Population based high quality biological specimens and electronic medical records play a key role in the transition = deeper phenotyping, ”real life data”
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The roadmap to personalized medicine requires input from many stakeholders
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GENETIC ISOLATE
LONG HISTORY OF SAMPLE COLLECTION
A NETWORK OF BIOBANKS COVERING THE ENTIRE COUNTRY
ACCESS TO GENOMIC DATA AND BIOBANKS
“Tissue specimens have been collected since the 1930s and have been linked to digital data since the 1980s.”
FINNISHBIOBANK
NETWORK
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SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER ALLOWS DATA MATCHING ACROSS BOARDERSRECALLING MADE EASYHIGH INVESTMENT IN DIGITAL HEALTHMODERN PERMISSIVE LEGISLATIONSTRATEGIC POSITIONING
GOVERNMENT BACKING
“We have the best biobank act in the world.”