bio-technology for renewable sources of energy

7/30/2019 Bio-technology for Renewable Sources of Energy

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BIO-TECHNOLOGY FOR RENEWABLE

SOURCES OF ENERGY:


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WHY RENEWABLE SOURCES OF

ENERGY?!

The World currently relies heavily on coal, oil,

and natural gas for its energy. Fossil fuels are

non-renewable, that is, they draw on finite

resources that will eventually dwindle,

becoming too expensive or too

environmentally damaging to retrieve. In

contrast, the many types of renewable energyresources-such as wind and solar energy-are

constantly replenished and will never run out.


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SO WHAT ARE OUR OPTIONS?

Large-scale production of resource-intensive plants,like switchgrass or miscanthus, requires a substantialamount of fertile land, fresh water, and petroleum-based fertilizer to grow. The fuel derived is ethanol, a

lower-energy fuel not compatible with theinfrastructure now used to transport, refine, anddeliver liquid fuels, like gasoline and diesel.

Conversely, algae can produce hydrocarbons capable of

being converted directly into actual gasoline or dieselfuel, which can be transported and delivered to marketusing the existing refinery infrastructure.


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Oil Content % - Average Values

Soy- 20

Canola / Rapeseed- 40

Sunflower- 55

Safflower- 40

Castor- 45

Hemp- 30 Copra (Dry Coconut)- 60

Peanuts / Groundnuts- 50

Palm Kernel- 50

Corn- 7

Mustard- 40

Flaxseed- 45 Jatropha- Seed 40

Jatropha- Kernel 55

Algae- 2 to 40


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THE PRODUCTION LINE:


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ALGAE PRODUCTION INDUSTRIES:


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PRODUCTION IN CLOSED BIO-

REACTORS:


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PRODUCTION IN OPEN BIO-REACTORS:


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WHICH IS BETTER?!

Closed bio reactors are better as they are

easier to control and manipulate. They

prevent pathogen entry also.

Optimal conditions are easily maintained.


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OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR GROWTH

AND LIVING: Parameters

Range

Optima

Temperature (C)

16-27,18-24 Salinity (g.l-1)

12-40,20-24

Light intensity (lux)

1,000-10,000(depends on volume and density),2,500-5,000

Photoperiod (light: dark, hours)

16:8 (minimum),24:0 (maximum)

pH

7-9,8.2-8.7


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SELECTION OF STRAINS:


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BEST STRAINS:

Oil content of few microalgalspecies:

Microalgal speciesOil content(% dw)

Ankistrodesmus TR-87:28-40,Botryococcusbraunii:29-75,Chlorella sp:29,Chlorella

protothecoides-55,Cyclotella DI: 35-

42,Dunaliella tertiolecta: 36-42, Hantzschia DI-

160:66, Nannochloris: 31, Nannochloropsis

46:31-68.


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CONCLUSION:

ALGAEIS THE CHIEF CONTENDER IN THE

RENEWABLE FUEL RACE OF THE 21st CENTURY.


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REFERENCE:

OILGAE.COM

WIKIPEDIA.ORG

ALGAEBASE.ORG

bio-technology for renewable sources of energy

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