Introduction to BiomassIndia is a land of villages

where the energy required for domestic purpose such as

cooking is met from dried woods, twigs and leaves of

plants and other dried organic matter such as cow

dung.

This organic matter called as biomass is available freely as

waste.

What is Biomass?It is renewable energy source because it is

available freely as waste and discarded matter.

It is a sustainable fuel which can reduce the net carbon emissions when compared with fossil fuels.

It includes matters like grass, leaves, wood chips, rice husks, sugarcane fiber etc.

AdvantagesBiomass can make electricity and heat (can

replace fossil fuels).Cheaper than fossil fuels.According to a study, there are 66,000 jobs

supported by Biomass.Rural development and income opportunities.Biomass is available everywhere so no need of

any transportation.Don’t pollute enviroment.

DisadvantagesBiomass collection is difficult and expensive.Calorific value of biomass is very low.Biomass contain 50%-90% water and it is

heavy, If transportation is needed it becomes very difficult.

Direct combustion of biomass produces smoke and smell.

Biomass plants occupy large land and areas.

BiogasBiogas typically refers to a mixture of

different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.

UtilizationCookingLightingPower generationTransport fuel

BenefitsReduces global warming.Reduces deforestation.Produces good quality manure for increasing

soil fertility.

DisadvantagesLess economic.Need a large area.Difficult to enhance the efficiency of a biogas

system.

What is a bio fuel? Any hydrocarbon fuel that is produced from

organic matter (living or once living material) in a short period of time (days, weeks, or even months) is considered a Bio fuel.

Types of Bio FuelsBio fuels are often broken into two categories

First generation biofuels, also known as conventional bio fuels

Second generation biofuels, also known as advanced bio fuels.

Positives of BiofuelsFossil fuels are exhaustible,Biofuels can be used as a

alternative,Biodegradable,Biofuels produe less pollution,Sulphur free,Reasonable calorific value.