bio-energy in the netherlands - · pdf filebioenergy in the netherlands 5 june 2007...

Bio-energy in the Netherlands

Mathieu Dumont

Bioenergy in the Netherlands 5 june 2007 Gelsenkirchen 2

Contents

• Energy situation in the Netherlands• Dutch policies on renewable energy• Biogas developments• Sustainability criteria as a basis for stimulation renewable

energy in the future


Energy situation in the NetherlandsNetherlands and Natural gas

primairy energy in NL (3100 PJ/a)

natural gas48%

oil36%

coal11%

nuclear1%

electricity import

2%rest2%

secondary energy in NL (3100 PJ/a)

electricity11%

transportation fuels15%

heat31%

losses32%

products11%


Development: emission of green house gases


Renewable Energy2,7% total energy use; 6,7% of electricity (2006)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

PJ

biogascombustioncofiringwaste heatpumpsolarwindhydro


Distribution bio-energy plants (situation oct. 2006)


Developments in renewable energy production (only electricity)


• Old policy up to 2010: 9% production from used electricityand 10% of total energy use in 20205,75% Biofuel obligation

• New policy up to 202020% renewable energy30% emissie reduction of green house gases (reference 1990)2% energy saving yearly5,75% Biofuel obligation

Dutch objectives renewable energy


Stimulation of renewable energy in the Netherlands cooperation government and market

Transition approach by discussion platforms: www.energietransitie.nlSustainable Mobility Platform

• Biobased Raw Materials Platform : main goal 30% replacement of fossil fuels by renewable sources in 2030

• New Gas Platform : working group: Green Gas• Platform for Chain Efficiency• Sustainable Electricity Supply Platform• Energy in the Built Environment Platform


Green Gas: Ambition Green Gas group in energy transition

• Replacement natural gas in the gasgrid: 20% in 2030 and 50% in 2050;

2006 20502010 2040

0

50 %

Figuur 1: Transitietraject voor de geleidelijke vergroening van aardgas

starttraject (loopt): vergroening van aardgas via kleinschalige productie van biogas (vergisting van mest, gft etc), opwerking naar aardgas en injectie in het aardgasnet (distributienet of RTL)

vervolgtraject (>2015):vergroening met biogas wordt aangevuld met grootschalige productie van SNG (vergassing van biomassa) en injectie in het aardgasnet (HTL)

tijd

% vergroeningtoekomsttraject? (>2030): injectie (bijmenging) vanwaterstof in het aardgasnet (HTL)

20 %

20302020


Biogas developments in the Netherlands

• 40 operational biogasplants at the end of 2006 (20 MWe, 7 MWe digestion of green household waste)About 60 plants in direct preparation (48MWe), total of 100 end of 2007

• Financial support for new initiatives stopped (18 aug. 2006)A new stimulation programme is in preparation with a wider focus onrenewable energy, inclusive renewable heat en green gas wtih gasgridinjection. Until 2006 focus was only based on renewable electricity

• New stimulation programm expected in april 2008.


Present Biogas upgrading projects in the Netherlands; gasupgrading technology is available, experience from landfillgas en sewage sludge digestion

(160 m3/hr)1.280.000 m3/y

2006MembraneBeverwijk

201.1061993MembraneCollendoorn

3.927.5501985PSAWijster

3.082.7951985PSANuenen

2.784.4401985WaterwashTilburg

Production2003 m3

SinceMethodLocation


Gasquality requirements for gasgrid injectionin Dutch gaslaw; since nov. 22th 2006

-voldoendeRuikbaarheid (geodoriseerd biogas)

ppm5Siloxanen

-Technisch vrijstof

->80Methaangetal

Vol%/nm312Waterstof

Mol%0,5 (3)Zuurstof in droge gasnetten

Mol%1Aromatische koolwaterstoffen

ppm500BTX (benzeen, tolueen, xyleen)

Mol%6Kooldioxice in droge gasnetten (CO2)

Mol%1Koolmonoxide (CO)

ppm10Waterstofcyanide (HCN)

ppm1Waterstofchlorice (HCL)

mg/nm325Fluorhoudende verbindingen

mg/nm350Chloorhoudende verbindingen

mg/nm33Ammoniak

mg/nm3>10, nom 18<40Odorantgehalte (THT)

mg/nm310Mercaptanen

mg/nm35Anorganisch gebonden zwavel (H2S)

mg/nm345Zwavel (totaal)

OC0-20Temperatuur in te voeden gas

OC-10(8 bar)Waterdauwpunt

MJ/nm343,46 – 44,41Wobbe-index

MJ/nm331,6 – 38,7Calorische bovenwaarde

eenheidGrenswaarde

Conform advies GastecKwaliteitscomponent


Potential for biogas production in the Netherlands

• Anaerobic Digestion: maximum– Animal Manure: 80 Mton -> 1.1 G m3– Organic Wastes: -> 1.4 G m3– Total 2.5 G m3, 5% of all gas– Present production 0.1 G m3

– Assumption: 40 PJ in 2020

• Synthetic Natural Gas from syngas by gasification:- Assumption: 80 PJ in 2020


Problems to solve

• Quality of upgraded biogas – natural gas compound• Gasgrid entry• Green gas certification• Balancing the gasgrid• Billing systems energy companies • Financial support (pilot projects)


Integral green gas approach


Sustainability criteria (1) points of departure

• Set of criteria is a universal framework:• Universal, generic framework of criteria, applicable to

all biomass and countries• No discrimination between biomass produced in the

Netherlands and imported biomass• Connection with international initiatives and WTO

regulations• Exception for residual flows with a negligible economic

value


Sustainability criteria (2) points of departure

• Set of criteria is manageable, verifiable and enforceable:

• Certification of biomass is needed• Testing must be manageable. Only necessary

information will be asked for• Minimum requirements for 2007, including incentives

for higher future performances• Where testable indicators are lacking, a reporting

procedure is proposed


Selection of Themes

• Greenhouse gas balance• Competition with food, local energy supply,

medicines and construction materials• Biodiversity• Environment• Economic prosperity• Well-being


GREENHOUSE GAS BALANCE

• Greenhouse gas balance is positive

• Net emission reduction related to fossil fuels of at least 30% for biofuels and 50-70% for electricity production. Assuming differentiation of policy instruments aiming at better performances

• Assessment based on specific methodology

• Whole chain is taken into account (including application); performance depends on fossil reference


Thanks for your attention

infowww.senternovem.nl/duurzameenergiewww.energietransitie.nl

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