bio 22 - exercise 25 - diversity of animals (2)

8/16/2019 BIO 22 - Exercise 25 - Diversity of Animals (2)

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Domain

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species


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Domain Eukarya

Domain Bacteria

Domain Archaea

Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Protista


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Kingdom Protista

Alveolates DiscicristatesAmoebozoans Cercozoans

PhylumCiliphora PhylumDinozoa PhylumApicomplexa PhylumEuglenozoa

Phylum

Granuloreticulosa

Phylum Radiozoa

Class

KinetofragminophoraClass

Polyhymenophora

Class

Oligohymenophora

Class Sporozoa

Phylum

Parabasala


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Presence of small vesicles or alveoli just under the

plasma membrane


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- simple cilia or compound ciliary organelles typical in at least

one stage of life cycle.

eg. Didinium sp.

eg. Vorticella sp., Paramecium sp.

eg. Stentor sp.

Paramecium sp.

Vorticella sp..

Didinium sp.

Stentor sp..


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-possess apical complex and usually parasitic.Reproduction is syngamy.

Gregarina sp. and Plasmodium sp.


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- flagellated with disc shaped mitochondrial

cristae


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– possess kinetoplast and eyespot

eg. Euglena sp. and Trypanosoma sp.


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– possess parabasal body

eg. Trichonympha sp. and Trichomonas sp.


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-amorphous body and moves by means of

cytoplasmic streaming.

eg. Amoeba sp.


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- Needle-like pseudopods


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- Possess a test made of CaCO3 with granular orhyaline reticulopodia

eg. Foraminiferans


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- Possess a test made up of either organic matter,

silica or strontium sulfate with axopodia.

eg. Radiolarians


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Kingdom Animalia

Subkingdom EumetazoaSubkingdom Parazoa

Phylum Porifera

Class

Calcarea

ClassDesmospongiae

Class

Hexactinellida

Branch I Radiata Branch II Bilateria

Phylum

Cnidaria

Phylum

Ctenophora

Protostomes Deuterostomes

Acoelomates Pseudocoelomates Schizocoelomates

EnterocoelomatesClassSclerospongiae

Class Scyphozoa

Class Cubozoa

Class Hydrozoa

Class Anthozoa


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- cell differentiation present but tissue

differentiation is limited, adult is sessile


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-marine, body is perforated with many pores. Asexual reproduction by budding,sexual reproduction also present, larvae are motile

(Calcium carbonate spicules)

Calcareous sponges eg. Grantia sp.

Horny Sponges eg. Xestospongiae sp.

(Siliceous spicules w/ 6 rays)

Glass Sponges eg. Euplectella sp.


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- tissue organ level of organization, most have a

mouth and digestive cavity


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– animals with radial or biradial symmetry


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(True Jellyfish)

eg. Aurelia sp. and Mastigias sp.

(Cube Jelly)eg. Chironex sp.

(Hydra-like)

eg. Hydra sp. And Obelia sp.

eg. Acropora sp., Fungi sp.


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- No cnidocytes but have comb-like “ctene” with

colloblasts for capturing prey.

Eg. Comb jellies


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– animals with bilateral symmetry

P t t


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Protostomes

Acoelomates Pseudocoelomates Schizocoelomates

Phylum

Platyhelminthes

Phylum

Nematoda

Class

Turbellaria

Class

Trematoda

Class

Cestoda

Class

Aphasmidia

Class

Phasmidia

Phylum

Mollusca

Phylum

Annelida

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Monoplacophora

Class

PolyplacophoraClass

Gastropoda/

UnivalviaClass

Pelecypoda/

BivalviaClass

CephalopodaClass

Scaphopoda

Class

Polychaeta

Class

Oligochaeta

Class

Hirudinea

Subphylum

Trilobitomorpha

SubphylumChelicerata

Class Trilobita

ClassPycnogonida

Class

Merostomata

Class

Arachnida

Subphylum

CrustaceaSubphylum

Uniramia

Class Insecta/Hexapoda

Class DiplopodaClass Chilopoda

Phylum

Nemertina

Class

Monogenea


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- spiral determinate cleavage, mouth develops

from blastopore


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-no coelom/body cavity


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- dorsoventrally flattened

eg. Dugesia sp.

eg.Fasciola sp.

eg. Taenia solium


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- Proboscis worms


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- body cavity not completely lined with

mesoderm, complete digestive tract extending

from mouth to anus


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- without phasmids

eg. Turbatrix aceti

- with phasmids

eg. Ascaris lumbrocoides

Phasmids - unicellular sensilia inthe lateral tail region

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensiliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensilia


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- true coelom that develops from schizocoel, complete

digestive tract


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-segmented worms

eg. Nereis sp.

eg. Lumbricus terrestris

eg. Hirudo medicinalis


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eg. Neopilinia sp.

eg. Chitons

eg. Snails

eg. Mussels, Clams

eg. Squid, Octopus

eg. Dentalium sp. (Tooth shells)


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Eg. Trilobites


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Eg. Horseshoe Crab

Eg. Spiders, Scorpions

Eg. Sea Spiders


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Eg. Crabs, Shrimps


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Eg. Insects

Eg. Centipede

Eg. Millipede


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- radial indeterminate cleave, blastopore developsinto anus, mouth forms from a second opening

*Enterocoelomates


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Deuterotomes

Enterocoelomates

Phylum

Echinodermata

Phylum

Chordata

Phylum

Hemichordata

Class Crinoidea

Class Asteroidea

Class Ophiuroidea

Class Echinoidea

Class

Holothuroidea

Subphylum

Urochordata

Subphylum

Vertebrata

Subphylum

Cephalochordata

Superclass AgnathaSuperclass

Gnathostomata

Class Agnatha

Class Actinopterygii

Class Chondrichthyes

Class Amphibia

Class Reptilia

Class Aves

Class Mammalia

Class Sarcopterygii


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Eg. Sea Lilies

Eg. Sea Stars

Eg. Brittle Stars

Eg. Sea Urchins

Eg. Sea Cucumbers


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-half notochord

Eg. Acorn Worm, Balanoglossus sp.


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-notochord present at some stage in life


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-notchord present only at larval stage at the tail region

TunicatesEg. Sea Squirts


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-notochord present throughout life and extendsthrough head

Eg. Amphioxus/Lancelets


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Eg. Lamprey, Hagfish


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Eg. Shark, Rays, Skates

Chimaeras

Eg. Lobe-fined Fishes


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Eg. Frog

Eg. Snake, Lizard

Eg. Bird

Eg. Squirrel

bio 22 - exercise 25 - diversity of animals (2)

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