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BHfiYCK TPETIA

YKPAIHCbKE MHCTEUTBO

• CBSITOCJIAB rOPJlHHCbKHH

nABJIO KOB>KYH

YKPAiHCbKE BHJlABHHUTBO KPAKIB 1943 JlbBIB

CB~TOCAAB fOPnHHCbKHH

nABJIO

1896

1939

"

YKPAiHCbKE BHJlABHHUTBO KPAKIB 1943 JlbBIB

~pyrcapus

YrcpaiBCLKoi Aa.aeMit Bays

JILBiB7 llOCT(&CCe. 11.

MicTo. Tym i ~onoTo.

I

.I I

-- .:._ ........ _ - - -- -~..........,...._ _ ____ ~ ,J

1921.

I.

llepe,n_ uaM·H qo·p'HeTKa aBT·O'oi·orpacpii llaBJia KoB­myHa ·~ 21 Bepecua 1923 p. BoHa 6yJia npuroToBaHa, MaoyTL, ,li.JIH mKoic·L ycTaHoBu., 6o KoB:myH noKJIHKa~TLCH B niH Ha ·Te, :m;o ,onHcaHi <Jla'KTH ~ Mo~i MHCTegLKoi, rpoMa,li;HHCbKO'i i BiHCbKOBOi ,n_iHJibHOCTH BiAOMi o.aTa~ToO·M rpOM3,li..KHaM Ha emrpa•gi1i i KOiKHOi XB'HJIHHH MOiK·H8 MaTH! Ha HHX rri,li.TBep,n_meHHH" ... 3 Ti~i aBTo6iorpacpii ,ZJ;oBi,n;y~Mocu, :m;o IIaB.:rio KoBiKYH Hapo,n;HBcH 3 iK·O'BTHH 1896 p. B c. KoCTIOmKax 0Bpy-q·cL·Ko·ro noiBiry, H•a Bo­JIHHi. EaTb'KO ·iforo MaRCHM OY'B Jii'Ka'p (rroMep 1919 p.), M·aTu - Ma:piu ~ IIeubKoBc~KHX. ,l(HTHHCTBo MarH:oyTHin M·HCTego n·pottiB Ha KuiBY!JfHi, B ceJIJi BeJIHKiH IIoJio­BeJ!LJKi1H Ba·CHJILHi'BCLKoro no'BiTy. Bqn·BCH B KoMepgi:H­Hiu IIIKoJii y Mi'cri BacHJILHoBi, ,n;o riMHa~ xo,n:H!B y Ei­Jiiu QepKBi, a noTi~M rrepeHm:oB ,n_o KHiBcbJRoi ,Xy~om­HLoi mKoJia", HKY :H ~aKiWIHB y p. 1915 Ha Bi,n:,n:i..;'I[ Ma­JIHpCTBa.

7

,CBi.IJ;OMHIM yK'paiuyeM - nH1We KoBiKYJI - CTaB s B 1911 p. ni:,z~; BD'JIH'BOM OBOrO yqHTeJIH M8JIIOBaHHH Cl>e­.D;Opa (BacHJieBH'lla) IIaH·a\ceHKa~ opaTa IIHCbMeHHHKa BacHJI&'IeHKa. II~uime CKpiDJIJIIB ·HayiouaJI&Hy cBi;I.oMicTb H3' TR~MHHX ~iopaHHJIX ·Cepe.D;HbOWKiJib'HHKi.liJ, ni.IJ; n·pOBO­~OM CTap·liiO•ro CTy.IJ;eH11C'I"Ba, a caMe: 0. repMa·H:~e, M. JliO­OHHCL·KOro, B. roJiyoo·BH'lla, I. HeMOJIOBCDR·OTO, A. Tep­HIAeHKa i OaraTLOX iH1WHX. Ili~Hime ·H81MH ~aoni'KYBR­JIH!CH r. XoTKeBH'll, Jl. iKeOfHbOB, M. C·H'Hif!!:b:KHH, I. CTe­meHKO, II. XoJio~HWI, lle1'pymeuc&K~H, ua:uiTL M. B. JluceH·KO, ]J;O qacy, KOJIH HaiC npHHHTO B KOJia ·KifiBObKOrO )T.IQpaiH'C&Roro rpo'Ma~HHCTBa. 3a .uec& TOH "'la·c OYlJ H ro-. . . . . JIOBO'IO ClllJIKH cepe;I.·H•bOIIl'KlJibH'HIKlB 1 pe,n;a:KTO·po•M Dl~-

DOJibHO'rO mypuaJiy ,roJioc IOHa:Ka''.

,B 1913 p. J1 nyoJiiquo BHCTf·II310, JllK MOJIOJJ;mf ytKp.aiHCbiKHH MHCTeJAL, Ha y-KpaiHCbKiH IBHCTaiB:gi Kap·TlflH y IloJI'TaBi. To~i iK oepy yqacTL B yKpaiHCbRiil TI:peci, JJ;e DOM·iYJYIO CBOi M•RJIIOHKH, CTR;Tri i peye·H~ii H3 MH!CTey&Jti.

M .. . rr . '' C ... . '' DHTR·HHH. 01 npa•gl IIOHBJIHIOTbCH B ,,u.~tBOHl , , H'H'Bl , M " B. K . ~ '' . B . " 8H-KY ' " ICHHKY yJI&ryp·H 1 .IIl.HTTJI 1 T. ):\. 'HCJil-

JJ;O·M ryi~i npayi_ OyJio Te, :WO MeHe ;ianpo·CHJIH ]J;O RmB­CbKOI'O (pochtCbKOrO) TlfiKHeBH'K8 ,0rnH" (.pe.IJ;. 0. Ilpo­XRCKo), ~e H BiB MHCTey&·KHH yKpaiHCbKHIH BiMi.ll. Ha DpOT~i o~·Horo poKy (a1iK J);O ~8'00pOHH) Jl MiCTHB y HbO· MY cBoi iJIIOCTpayii, ni~nHCYIO"'H ix no-yKpaiuc&KoMy, ni.IJ; ;3a•ra•JILHHM ~aroJio·BKO'M ,3 no~opomi no YHpai:mi". Po·oHB o·O'KJia.IJ;HH'KH ~o yK.paiHCLKHX KHHiKO·K, ·KaJieH·,z:t;a­pio i T. ·rr. Mim iuiiiHMH, nepma MOH oo·KJia.,z:tu·uKa oy.71a JJ;O T.Bo.py B. BHHHiflreHKa ,CI>e,z:t;L-Ko XaJia•MHJJ;HJIIK". Ilpu JEbOMY H opaB y'li&:CTb, H'K yKpaiHCbKHH MHCTey&, ua III BucTaB•yi MHCTgiB-KH·HH, JJ;e JJ;i•cTa'B 18 ~yme IFpHXHJib·HHX pociHCbKHX peyeH;3iH, y TOMY HOXB3JibHY peyeu~iro B Ha.H­·xp84,giM TOJJ;i po·CLHCbKiM mypHaJii - ,AnoJIJIO·H" (3a cepneH&, KH. VI, 1914. ,o:IIHc&Mo H~ KHeBa."). B poJ!i 1914 Jl pa~o·M ~ M. CeMeHKQIM opraHi;3y~·Mo nepwHH Jii-

8

ulrif MHCTeyb'KHH rypToK ua Y xpaiui. B THX qacax H MaB umxaTH B llap·mK. JliToM 1914 p. BHixau H ua KpuM, ,ZJ;e roTyBaB'CJI ,li;O BH·CT3BO,K 'K31pTHH; TaM 1 ~'3'CTai)la MeHe mm·ua.

,B 1915 p. ·M·eue Mooin~ou·auo ,ZJ;O B[l'HC·bKa i· Toro caMo.ro poKy ~aKiHtruB H 6-MiCH'IHHH ·Kypc II lli·KOJIH npa­nopJ.!!HKiiB· ni·s,ZJ;.-~axi,ZJ;uo•ro <}>poJITY B iKHTOMHpi. IIpH WKO·Jii, oy~yqu IO'Ha'KO'M, ·BHKJI3i,ZJ;aB TODOrp.a<}>iiO (B ll'O· MO'Ii KypCOBOMY o<}>igepo·Bi) i oyB rOJIOBOIO Ta~M·HO·rO )'1KpaiHcL:Koro rypTKa IOH"3'KiB. IliCJIJI ~aKilNeHH'JI IIIKOJIH Bi,II.'~CJiaHO MeH·e Bi~pa~y Ha <}>poHT y 410 nix. Y CMeH· Cb·~HH rroJI·K 103 ~usti,~·ii 3-ro Kopirycy reH. Kenepa n·pH 9-i'u .ApMii, B· Ka·pnaTH. TyT OYB ~i'lli paHeHoo. 3 KH~­BOM Ma'B pei'yJI'HpHHH ~B'H~OK i, oyBa•JO'I{If B KH~m, op8!B . .. .. .. yqaCTb y Ta~MHHX ~aCI~aHHJIX CTa:pWOl yKp31HCb:KOl rpo-M·3·,ll;~ H·Ki Bi,ZJ;oyBa .. "'HCJI B ni~BaJii 1\JIIOOY ,Po.u;HHa" (.u;e TO,ll;i 6)11B llfiiHT8Jib) ni,ZJ; IIpOBO,li;OM TO C. e<}>peMoBa, TO CTenaHeHKa, TO B Ap·ceuaJii (cogiJIJiirCTH'IfHi), ~Bi,II_KH H: BOI~HB ua <PpoHT rrpO'KJIHMayii. B noJIKY i ,ZJ;HB~ii ~a-. . .. . K .. "'8B 1 o.praiHil'~}"BaB rY'pTOK yKpa•lH!!l·B-CTaiplliHH, JI'KHX . . . . OCBI,li;OMJIIOBaB H3!!lOH3JibHO Dl,li;'I8C CH,li;IHHJI B OKOfi3X. 3 MOiX KOJiei' TOrO qa.cy, JIKHX R OOBi,!(OMHIB Hayio·H8JlbHO., oyJIH npanopm:n:KH· esreH AHre .. "', rri~Hime qepffi,rim·CLKHH n'o'BCTaHegL, no·pyqHHK IOpKo BoJiomeHKo, nos·cTaHegL Ha KmBJ.!!'HHi, Ta iH. BH;3Haqui yKpaiHcLKi cTapmHHH.

,3 noqaTKOM peBOJIIOgii, H·Ka ;38CTaJia •MeHe H8 <}>po-H­Ti., ~a yKplai.Hi~atyiiO CBOrO DOJiiKY Ma•B J1 6yTH rre·pe,Z1;3HHH BWCbKOIBo-noJiboBoMy cy,zJ;osi. O,ZJ;uaqe YKPariH~ysaB yiJI­KOM 26 rapMaTHiH Ropnyc, B HKTht TO,ZJ;i oys MiH DOJIR; npH HtM 'B'H,ZJ;a·BaB rrepmy BitHCbKOBY ra~eTKY H'3 pyMyH· CbKOiMY <PpoHTi n. H. ,Ko,~a.g~»Ka ,II_yMKa", H·Koi BHBmJio DOHaJI: 30 'IHCeJI ( TpHqi TmKHeBO). Y BeCb qa.c ~3MM8B oai'131TO BHoopHHX noca,ZJ;. lli~Hiwe, B Hca~X, n·pH mTa,oi 9-oi ApMii BH,ZJ;aBa'B i pe,n;ai'yBaiB TmKHeBHK ,Y.KpaiHa" (rnCJIH TepHHqeHKa)., a me n~uiwe, - ,roJIOC qa,cy'\

10

3anpoweHHH Ha Bi.ZJ.KpUTTH BHCTaBKH f ,IlY~l. 1922.

n •

Y!O~e'H.HH·K, Y!O ~·pyKy·

Ba'BCH B 75 TKCJiq npHM . ., Ta .,.,B·~onli'K Ha!!.-06.~"1. KoMicapis PyM<J>poHTy". II·p11 J!LM - Kpi'M MeHe if 06i.n;·Ho·ro, HixTo Ha gi­JiiiM <J>po!Hri He BOJIO,D;~B yKpalH'CbiKOIO M·O,BOIO B llHIC'b'Mri.. Bya BiHCLK·O'B·HM . ... . lllP'e,IJ;.CTa:BHKK()(M MlCll Bl,II;

~eHT}JaJILHoi Pa,ZJ;H ,IJ.o PYMYJfU. lli$uime Bam-. .. KO ~aHe~ym'aB l IIpHI-

XaB ,II;() Kilf~Ba. B KH~Bi oys MOOiJii1~0B3'HHH Ueu­T}JaJI·b·H'OiJO Pa~oro i rr.pH­.n;ineHHil ,n:o BiilcL•KoBo­lcTopH·qn•oro Bi,rur:i:Jiy f e-Hepa~bHOrO IIITa'oy. Byu

~a:npomeHHif eKcne~lq!i~ro 3aTO'TOBH ,I(epma'B·HH'X lla­uepi.B npu MiHi1CTep·cwi ~iH·aHciB YHP AO KOiHKypcy Ha pHeyH'KH rpo·moo i noWTOBHX Mapo·K. Ilicn11 ~e·Mo6i .. n:i;3a­gii oyB O,IJ;:HHM ~ opraH~3TOjpi'B B~3B1J!Hi!!'TB'a ,r·pYHT",

Y . ~ .,, 'OJ

CeKp'eTapeM , H1BepC3JibHQrO .tnypHaJiy ., ·H'KOrO H 'BH,IJ;a.B nepme 'l'HcJio; OfB q;reHoiM ,My~a~recy", BCTYlJIHB AO Y·Kp:a­iHOLKoi ,I(epmaJBHoi AKa,n;eMii MHcTeyrn T.a i·~,n;,RB ;3 .n;o­pyqeHJHH My~ero ,n:JI!JI oxop·oJI!H rraM'·sTo·K ·CTaposHHH .

.,IIoB·CT31HHH IFpOTH feTbM3HaTy i reTLM3.HCLK3 M0-

6iJI~agiH npHMYCHJIH MeHe BTeKTH ~ KH:~sa B KoHoTon ...• 'f B " -3'M H noqau BH,D;31B3T'H mo~euuy ra·~eTy , OJIH , HKOl u·Hum.:'lo 36 "tJHCeJI. IIicJIH tiouo·pory .n;o KH~sa., ,n:o·BeJioeH . . . ;33'p3t;i TaiKH Bl)J.CTyn3TH, I ~ TOrO qacy yBeCL 'll3'C ,ZJ;lJIH'B H ,IJ.OJIIO y.Kpai'HCL'KO'fO BlHCbKa. IlepeHmOB TH'<J>H, llOB­CTaHHH., O)J,Hoqa'CHO, .HK oyJia ~Mora., nrpa!J!IOBaB B Y,Kpa­iHCLKiH rrpeci T3 BHIKOHyBaiB p~·Hi M31JIH'PCLKi ;ia-MOBJieH·

12

HH .D;JIR Bl'HCL'Ka H: ypH~Y. Ha eMii'~pall!ii H - ;3 AHR m-.. . .., '" TepuyaaH·H'H yKpaiiHC·LRoro B'l!HCL'Ka .

Uw CBO·IO araTo6iorpa<~Jiw ~a'KiWiy~ Ko·BiKYH T3tKHMH pH~K3MH:

,3 OCeHH 1921 np.aJ!IOIO B faJIIftqHHi Ha MHCTey;LKOMY rroni. Pa~oM ;3 II. XoJIO~HHJ~r, B. CiqHHcLIKH!M, C. THMo­IUCHKOM, M. roJiy6ueM, Ta i'H. 6yu R O,IlHHM ;3 opraHi~a­TopiB ,fypTKa ,I(iHqi·B YKpaiH·CLKnro MuCTeyrna". Ha MOIO ,!I;OJIIO npuna,n;a~ 'll3rCTHHa npayi oiJIH O~,ZJ;06H H Bi~­po,u;meHHH yKp3l'HCbiKOI MHCTeJ!LKOI 'K'HIDKKH B fa·JIH"'H•Hi.

BaraTo npatJ!IOB·aB Ha,n; yJialWTYJB3HHJrl\f ,ZJ;Box BHCT3:BOK K3'pTHH y JILBOBi i 6yB 'liJieHOM ii\IOpi 1-ol BHCT3BKH. DyB

M " p . MHCTeJ!b'KIIM pe,u;aKTO·pOM , IITYCH • a~O'M ;3 IHIIIH'MH MUCTJ.!HMH :H a.pxiTeKTopaMH ,ZJ;inro pa~icrL rrepe·MorH ae-- - - . .TIHKo-yKpaiHCLKOI MHCT'e}JL'I\OI KYJILTYPH HO~ npoB1H· !!iHJihHOIO raJIH!!;bKoro. II.pagH ·rrpoxo,ZJ;HTL y ~yme aaoacn:ux M3TepiHJihHHX i Mo·paJibHHX o6CT3BHH3X, O~H31K pe;3yJtb· .... .., '' TaT 11 IfOO'HHH •

EKcJii6pic T -sa IlucbMCHHHKis i 11\ypuaJiicTis iM. Is. <l>pauKa. 1926.

II.

B HaBC,.leuiil oiorpa~<Jlii I\o·smyu ono~n,ZJ;a~ 6i.i1hlll npo . . . OBOt; BOf;HHe pe:\leCJIO T3 rpoMa)I,C·h'KY ,IJ;IH . ."IJhHlCTb"> Hlin npo cBi:U MHCTeg&.KHIH m~1HX. A~1e ge if ue AH'Bo. CBiTo·Ba i B~BOJihH3 BiHH3 rrpHII'3J1H HKpa~ H3 poKH"> KO..TIH llaB..TlO KoB·myu"> ~aKinqHBIIIH MHCTeJ!hKY ocBiTy"> MyciB BH.;1aAo­IByaaTH CBOIO eHepriro B pi3HHX ua·rrpHMK3X"> 00 6yB ge 'lJ:aC, KOJIH OOpOThOa ~a Ha'!!ioua,JihHe 6yTTH BHpimyBa.Jia . . .. Tem 1 caMy c:npa(ny 1cuysaunH yK'palHC.hKoro MHCTeJ!TBa. HeoaraTo KoBmyu cKa~aa y caoi:H aBTo6io~rpa<}Jii i npo MHCTeg&:Ke OTOqeHHH ~ qaciB CBOIX CTy,II.icHHHX ·pOKlB -

OTiKe 'llepio,n;y, KOJIH cpopMyf;ThCH MOJIO;J:HH 1\-IHCTe"Q,bK

14

OK. 1924.

A THX KiJih'Ra JiiT ~o C'BiToBoi Bl.HHH., B JI'KHX KoBiKYH

II.O'I3JB tBHCTYII3'TH HK MHC'TC!!h, 6y JIH B yKpaiHCbKOMY MH­

CTC!!TBi ~·y-JKe !!'iKaBi l BHpiiiiHi ~..:~H 6araTbOX II~HilliHX MUJc·TeghKHX no~iit:. IIepe~yciM yKpainchtKe MHICTegTBo

B TOH qac yme HCKpaao Bi~oRpeMJIIOBaJioca ai~ pociit:­

ChKoro, ue .:riHIIIe cBiTorJIH~oBo i CTHJibOBo, a .H opraui~a­giiiHo; ;ira,ll·aTH xoq 611 BHCTaiBKH ,,T-IBa KHI'BChKHX Xy­

~OiKHHKiB" y pp. 1907-16., ;i6i:pui Ta iH~HBi~yaJihHi BHCT3'BKH pi;i'HHX yKpainchRHX MH'CTgiB y Kut;Bi, Xa.p­

KoBi, Jio)IT3'Bi... 3 HHX H3'HB3JKHiiiiHM MHCTeJ!bKHM BH-

15

CTYDOM oyJIH ~Bi ·peTpooneKTHB'Hi 'BHCT3BKH yKpaiHC'bROro M·HCTegTBa, ynamTOIBaHi ~axo~a'MH B. KpH111eB~biKoro, <1>. KpacHghiK·oro, IIeTpa Xono~Ho·ro, M. Bi:JiamescbKoro '!'a rroeTa 0. Oneca 'B pp. 1911 i 1913. YqacTb m1 TH'X . . BHCT3'BKaX T31KOiK 1 ra·JIH'li3H ~aJia npHBl~ 'liO'pHO·COTeH-HiH poCrHCbXm rrpeci ~0 BeJIHKOro IK'pHKy ~a yx.paiH~ CJ»KHlH 'KYJI~»TypHHH i noJiiTH"li.H·HH cenapaT~M.

Te, m·o Ko11»cy·H BHCJIOBHB ceoe H31ihroBHime B r.pa­<J>iyi, ~epTa:t; IM'HIMOBoJii Hamy y.Bary ua cTa'H Toroq.ac·Hoi r.pa<J>ixH 11 Yxp.aiHi. H: PO'cii. Po·;3yMit;ThcH, IIeTepoypr, ~ HOfO WHpOiKO·pO~·HHeHHM MHCTeJ!bXHIM iKHTTHM, CTH1'"3!B )J;O ·ceoe ·Dei Kpa•@ CHJIH ~ yci~i TO,IJ.iiD,H.bOi J!8jpCbKO-i iM­nepii. Poci8c&Ka rpa.<J>iKa .n;a·suo sme cTaJia Bi~oiMa 'B ~a­Xl~.D;Hii Euponi ~aB~HKH J!iniif ·a~gi ~opTaHi~oBaHHlX BH ..

CT31B'01K i B~3H:b. Ane He MOiKHa HaM ;330Y'B3TH, mo )J;O Y,Loro cn·pH11KHH-JIH·CJI ueMaJio if M:HCTgi yKpa.iuc&Ki. H IT • ,n• " anp., Ha 'BHCT31BK3X ,~'PYKY 1 rpa't'l'liHH'X MHCTeJ!TIB y yeuTpi To~imH&oro RHIDKKoBoro pyxy B ElBponi -JlH·HirJ!ii'y, no·oi-q Ta'KHX p.oci.ie&KHX Mau·CTpis rpa<J>iRK, KK BilJii·oiH, MiTpoxiH, qexoHiH- oyJIH H n;pa.yi MBCTgim yKpaiu:Ch'KHX: MacroTHHa, HapoyTa, Mo~aneuc&-Koro, HKHX rpa<J>i'IHY TBoprqi.cTb C3tM3 po!CiHCbK8 HpRTHK3 ;33f'liHCJIHJia ,IJ.O H3'H~p3'mHX ~OCJI·rHeH·b rpalfliKH, JIKY TBOpH.liH MHCTyi B To,~inrHi.Ji Pocii. BH,lJ.a.BHHlla o6MemeHicT& Ha YKpariHi, opaK 'MHlCTeJ!bKOi 3TMOC£1lepH (Ile-TepoypT ynepTO Bi,IJ.­MOBJIHB·CJI ~arTH ,IJ.0;3BiJI ;3o3·KJiaCTH s Ku~Bi ~a·,IJ.eMi.Jo MH­cTeJ!TB, xorq OH H po·CiHCbKY) oyJIH HipH'liHHOIO, mo Y'Hpa­iHCb'Ki rpal}li:KH ~~OU)'lBaJI'H JI31BpH i rrpomHTOK H8r qymo-My rpywri. I Tpe6a oyJio mo1mo peBoJiroyii i po~na,IJ.y Po­ci~i, Y!OO Ti M3HCTpH ;3H3lHIIIJIH SHOBY ;3·MOry npayi cepe,n; CBOIX.

A B'TlM- HOBa )TtKpa1iHCb1\3 rp.a:£}>iJKa H oe;3 pociHCbKHX ;3'pa·~Ki1B rro'laJia CTaBHTH cuoi nepwi, BJiacui H o.p.HtiHa.il&· Hi., KtpOKH. 3 1909 p. BHCTynat; ;3 CBOiMH rpaq>i:KaMH, Ha­B 'H;38HH'MH ~0 yiQpa.iHCI»KHX CT3·pO)J.'pyKm 6apO.K'KOBOi ~0-

16

OonJia~uuna. 1921.

OoK:Ja~HHKH ..1.0 ,Ka;ioK" lu. <l>panKa. 1922.

6n., Ba~cHJih KpHqenchKHn; iHrnRMH lll.:lHxa.MK illi.riH M. iKyK., 0. KyJib"tJHQhKa., mo nci rnyKaJIH Ho!Boro rpa<Jliq­

HJoro BHC..rioBy. Pil)I.Ha ca,Mo6yTuicTh, ni~H3H1a B MHHY~li.H o6pa~OTBOp"lliH ·Tpa~Hgi•}, y CU0~1ygi i3 'HOBHMH TBo:pqHMH . . IIO)l.yBaMH., a, rrepe,II,yCIM, HOBOIO TCXHI'KO'IO, ,li,3JIH yKpa-

lHQbl\~H rpaqligi B.ria,cue OO)JH"ll"liH., HI\C rro.na;3a.'IOCH TaK

.H·CKpa·B·O 'B "~13C BCJIHKOfO MHCTCJ!bKOro ;ipHBY - pl!BHO-,_. . . Olii\HOTO ~ ~JllfBOM H3Y,lOH3}1bliHM - B po-KH JlCBO,llO-

yi}. Kui,schKa AKall.eMiH MHcTC!,!TB, TBO}JqicTh HapoyTa T3 iHlliHX MHCTJ!iB., HKi ocpopM,;'IIOB3JIH ~CpiK3BHi I13•IIC}1H

YKpaiHH - BHHeC .. 'IH yKpainchHY rpa<fliKy ua Ta,KHH BH­

coKHH pi'BCHb, Q!O BO'H3 CT3Jia B pH,li,H HaHKp311!HX CBpo-

rreiChKHX. •

Mo·.~1o,rr.·oro KoBmyua Myci.1H 6e;3nepequo ;J'3TopKaTII

H3Hp~;3HOpO,II,Himi Bll}lHBH. fJa C'TC'iKKY HOB3TO,PCTB3 CTa·B

niH Bi,II,pa;3y. Bin me m ;3 o6oMa 6paTaMH CeMelfl\a.MH

13

OoKna)J.HHKa. 1922.

BHCTYDIHlB HK O,ll_ml ~ HaiHnepmHJX y~q>ari·HCbKHX <}>yTypH· criB. Ilpa!B,n:a, KoBmyuoBH!H <I>YTYPH~M ~aJieKHi: ·Bi~ 6e~-. ..., '' ..., . npe)l.•MeTOIBHX ,<}>aHTa~l'H pyxy HOI'O cyqa-CHHIKIB - XO'I oH iTan~if!!irB BoqqoHi, Cesepim, Kappa, - oo KoBmyH . . CTOHJB :m·e ffi',I:\ H3.ll.TO CHJibHHM B(IJ;JIHB.OM c·HMBOJil~My,

i cpycypHI~M iloro u·u~uaqaBcJI xi•oa acKpaBHMH, ):\eKo·pa,. THIB'HO H8JKJI~eHHMH KOJI'bO.pa!MH Ta HeCIIO'KO~ K'O'M!IIO·

~ugii; ~a cHMBoJii'~M·OM H:oro rrpoMO'BJIH~ H: CHJibHe ~op­HaM·euT-anil3ysa~HHH <J>op·M, ix - Kamy"'IH MaJIH]>CL'KHM Tep­M~Ho.M - ,c·eyeciif.HiC'Tb''. Yme OJIIDKqHif oys KoB?KYH ~o X'H'MepHHX <jlopM TaKoro rpa<}>i'Ka, a·K a'Hrni~YL Bip.z:\· CJieH. e. Ky~L'M'iH y CBO~MY ,Jiucri ~ KH~Ba" B ,AnoJI-

JIOHi" (npo H'KHH ~ra,n:y~ Kot~myu) ,n:ooaqy~ B KoBmYJia Ha'BiTb BIIJIHB ~yroTo 31Hrniirga - YicTnepa, rMOBJI·H·B, KOBmyu ,uaMa:ra~·T&CH npHcTocyu.aTH YicTJI"epiBCbKY Ma­Hepy rpaq>i'KH ,n:na TH'IIOBO ·Mli:cyeB·HX cromeTiB"... Ane H ~ cyqaiCHHMH mMegbKHMH M·HCTJ!H'M'H, H'K T. T. rai'rne, 0. ,niry, ·MoiKHa o nepeuo,n:HTH no,n:ioui aHaJiorii. B~a.rani HlB'itlK;pa~i ,n:o.canr cyqacu.oi eBponeilcL~oi rpa<fliJKu 6ynu KoBmyuoBi ,n:()o·pe Bi,n:·o'Mi. Ti Bci B'IIJIHBH, uaBiTh cyne­pe'llli :MiiK COOOIO, Tpeoa BB8iK8TH .ll.JIH MOJIO,I:\OrO MHCTWf Eo·p·ucuHMH, ·oo BO·HH ue ,n:aBaJIH :HoMY .unacTH Bi.Apa~y IB HKYCb O.li:HY Ma.Hepy. Ue oy JIO TH·M oiJIMII Ba?KHe, mo B KHJiBchKiH MHCTey·LRi1H illKoJii rp af}>iKH He BHIKJia):\aJIH, OTiKe 1\.o!JiiKYH Myci•B cooi myKaTH ):\JIB rpaq>iKH ~pa;3KLB . . 1 HRTXHeHHH no~a MYP3MH WKOJIH, KO'PHCTa.roqH TlJI.LKH ~ rrpHHari.n;HHIX ysar TB'KH'X rrpo·q>ecopiu To~iumLoi mKo­JIH, HK MypanilKo, Kprol'e·p-Ilpaxo'Ba, Cen~H~B Ta iiH.

II-o~,n:uauua c·HMBoni~MY i <I>YTYP~MTY - ,n:yme xa­paKTepHcT~RHe HBif'Y!e yKpaiH·cbKO'i JliTep·aTYPH ll MH·

cTeyTBa •peu.oJI.ro·yi.irHHX poiJ\i'B 'B Y Kpaiui. CalM Konmyu, c:moBi,n:aroqH B· mypHaVIi ,Ha~yCTpirq" (JI&Biu, 1934, 3) npo JliTepaTYJ>·HO·MHCTegbKe iKHlTTJI K~a mCJIH peu·OJIIO­!!ll, ~ra,I:\y~ np·o nepmi opraHi~ayiiHHi cnpooH o6-ox rp}-n;

20

1 8 4 N 4? P A tv JC C)

OoKJia~nHKH ~o ,Ka~oK·" Ia. <!>paRKa. 1922.

oy JIB BOHH, npaB·,n;a, oiJILW JILTepaTJPBi, 8Jie BamHe, ce­pe,n; JIKOrO OTorqeHHH ~H.aXO,li;HiBCH HaW MHJCTe!!L•

,,IIo'tlaJIHCH - IJH1111e rrpo ri KuiBChKi qacu KoBmyH­~yc-rp!i'IJii, CXO,li;HHH, oaJiaqKH, cnora,n;H ~ MHiHY JIOrO Ta DJIRHH H Mpii H8 M31H0yr.H~.

,IloMim ,cTa.poro'' (nepe,n; Bii:uoro a111i o,n;HH ~ HHX He M3B rreBHO IIO'BIHO'i llB&llJ!RTKH JiiT) KHi:B'Cb'KOIO opa­rit;ro, sK: CeMeuKo, KoMeH,n;aHT, CaiB"tieHKo, TepemeHJKo, IIoJIHJ!)'lK, IIeTPH!!h'KHH, JlicOBCh'KHH, EJiaHCLKHIH, Mu­xanJIH"'eHKo i 08'r8'TO hrumtx- ;3H3HWJIHIC.R H'OBi JIJO)I.H­T·H"'I'H'Ha~ MemeuKo, CJiiJoa:p·eHKo., Kypoac, 3aryJI, .Hpo­meHKo, XoMKK, Jleoe,n;uueyL, Ooi,n;HHil, HeMoJioBcLxlrif ... "

,3a ;3ycTpi'llaMH if oarna111'KaMH noqaJIHCH Hapa,n;H. 3ou­paJIHCH To B Cas"'eHKa, TO B 3ary Jia, TO B K-oMeu.z;(a'HTa, TO B Meue, rri~·Hime B naHHH IIpi•ci Bappa'B·H. AuTopu 'IJHT8J1Hl CBOi TBOpH, OOMi.pKOB'YB'3JIH BH,li;81HH.R 8JibiM·3H3· :x.irs i mypHaJiiB. Ili,n;·qac ;300pi1B i ,li;HCKYCW BHpi~HRJIHJCJI

21

,ZI;Ba ro.i'IOBui H3'ITPHMKH: CHMBoJiiCTH i cpyTypHCTH. AKTHB· Himi 6y JIH lPYTYPHCTH 3 CeMeuKoM, HK npoiBi,zJ;HHKOM, .u;o a·Ku·x rrpHJcTaBa.~"'H CJiica·peHKo, .Hpoweu'Ko, 06i.u.uurii, JLico'BCbKHH i H. CHMBoJiiCTH rpynyuaJiuca 6iJIH CaBqeuKa. <l>yTypHCTH xoTiJIH BH)J,3'BaTH aJibM·a,Hax ,niJia CTy,IJ.i.a", O)I.Ha-qe ;.3 H3;3BHJ CKO.pHCT3JIH CHMIBO . .."'ircT·~ i BH)J,3JIH HOrO caMi ni)J, H3;3'BOIO ,(Ty~ia"', HK3 ui.KOI"O He ;33)J,OBO'JibHHJia, HaBiTb ca:MHX CH!M·BoJiicTi'B. To,IJ.i rroc·Ta'B n·po~·KT BH)J,aTu

M " . " , y~a:feT 1 CTBOpHTU TOBapUC'TBO ..• CHMBloJii·cTH"liHo-cpyTypHcTHqui B'DJIHBH MomeMo CII·O·

cTeprraTK B KoBmyuo•BiH: 'I'BopqocTi )J,e"Cb am ,IJ:o 1923-4 p. B C . '' Ta'KHX 3JibM3H3X31X "liH mypHaJiaX, HK , OH'gegBIT , ,MuTyca" ~ H~Ka KoumyuoBHX KO.M'H0;3Hgiil i·;i TH'IIO-

. B "" ( . . B·HMH ,li.JIH C'HM'BOJI1;3MY H3~B3MH: ,~ oreMa iK·LH·Oql DO· CTaTi, XMa·pH, rBi'Tep H3THH3~ )J,epeua), ,Mic'To"" (cppar­MeHTH )J,WMapi'B, KpaHiB, MOCTiB, JI3'H!!IOriB, )J,HM) Ta iu., i B 'HUI;3gl OJiilfirHx M3JIIOH'KiB, HIK ,BiTpHK", ,,IJe~.am" Ta iu. IJooi•q TlmOiBO y:Kp3IHCbKHX MO'TH'Bi!B ;3H3•XO,ll;UIMO MLiK Konmyuo·Bu~lH Ma.~"'IOHK3oMII if TeMlfl yp6aui·cTH'llni, T3'K!i npHTaMaHHi cpyrypH~Mo:Bi. Ha:H:Bam.Hiwe, mo MH­CTegb ycLoMy ua·MJara~TbCH Ha,LJ;aTH pyxy 1 uecnoKoro -ge 'B'Hp3.;3HO IIO"llfB3f.;MO B .11iHiHX i 6apBaX, HKi, B m'H Toro pyxy, TP3'THJIU 6a-raTo i·;3 C'Bo~i pea1JibHOCTH rrpe)J,­CTaBJIIO'Ba:Horo rrpe)J,MeTy, c·ranaJIH 6iJihlll cxeMaTJllli'Hi,-. . aJie C3•Me THM ;3'B•l."'b'HeHHH'M Bl,ll. pea_,"'bHQICTH ·BOHH ,ll;3'B3·

JIH KpaY!e cnpHHM3'TH ocuoBuy o6·pa;3oTsopqy t,IJ.ero MHCTJ!H.

1921.

1\lapKa ua .rr.onoMory insaJii.J.aM Yf A. OK. 1927.

B p·p. 1920-22 Jlh'BiB npHTHr ,u.o ce6e ;3Haq.uy KI .... "'b­Kic'Th Ha,n;,ruri'rrpHHCbl\Ol eMitpargii·, MriiK HHMH H MHCTgin, H'Ki 'Bi,1I,pa;3y B:HeCJIH HQ!BUIH no,rr_yB y ra,TJHt!,!b.Ke MH'CTe!JLKe iKifTTH. Mim THMH MHCTJ!HMH - ;3ra,rr_aTH 6 xoq iMena lleTpa XoJIOJI.Horo-oa'.TbKa-: IOpiH MaraJieBc:LKoro, BaciL"'H KpiDKa:Hi'BCb1Koro~ Po6epTa Jlico.BCh·KOro, JleoH1i~a 1Iep­£Pe'gb:Ko•flo., MHKo.;1y ByTo'BHqa., 6yB Ko·poT:KO jf 0.~1. Apxn­neHKo - ~H1aifmo'B:ca TaKom KoBmyu. Crro·q·aTKy, BH­um·o,BmH p'a;.iOM ;3 P·CillTK1a'MIIl yKpaiHCh:KOtl allMiii Ha e:w:i­rpatgiJO, BiH oci·u y C·TaHHCJ'IaB·oBi., ,LJ;e IIipo·6ysaB BH;J;aB:aTH

24

I llAH Cl:lPANKO

II II II

II II II i

ryMopHCTifHHHH qa.conHC , .. liK3·K'', a.lJe C'Ko·po, p~OM i~ ~~o~ro ~·pymHHOIO TaMa,poro!' nepe'ixaiB ~o JlLBOtBa u oce­JIHIBCH ua o~:uoMy ;3 .Horo nepe,z:t;Mi·cTL - HJiri!B<g1i.. 3pa~y opa-BCH BiH ,ll;O BCRKOi MaJIHpCbKOi ·poOOTH, H'Ka TiJILKH nona,z:t;aJia B pyKH-: aJie He;3a6a.po.M no'lla'B BHOHBa.THCH HJ\ rpa.cpi'K, ;3Be·puy'BmH rna ce6e yBary nepe~yciM o<}lopMJieu­HRM TBO'pi'B <l>paHI~a. [(e H3JieiKa'.i10 )::\0 TO·ro H 0 IB· 0 f O, YJO DOK3~8JIH B raJIHqHfHi H8Wi oxi~Hi MHCTJ!i.

Ileprna 'BHCTaiB'Ka ~~rypTI~a ,I(istriB YKpafiHcLKoro MH­cTegrna", yJiamTo·BaHa B qepBHi 1922 p., ;3anpe~encyBaJia Mim iH1li'B1MH MHCTJ!HMH i MHCTegTIJ·o KO'umyHa.

Ilepe~y~ci•M ge oyJia' nepwa cnpaB~i BCeyKpt3IHCL-Ka MHCTC!,!L'Ka 'B·HCTaB·Ka, 60 Ha nonepe,rr.Hi nona.,z:t;a.JIH TIBOpH r.o·cTeil ;3 !Jhoro 'liH ·;3 roro ooKy 3opyqa: ;3'BH'llalimo ~opHB­K·oBo. Ba~raTo-BamuiJCTL gi~i no~ii ;3a~H·a"'RB cneyiHJILH-o II. XoJIO~HHH Ha m,llKpHTri. BHCTaB'KH: xaapaKTep BH­CTalB'KH, 111\ giJIOICT.i, ~a~ me O',IJ.H'H ,ll;OKa1;3 oiJILIJie Ha Te, mo TarK, HK HeMa~ ~Box YKp.aiH, Ta.K HeM.a.~ ~Box MH-,, . . '' . CTeyTB - ,~raJIHrgLKOfO 1 ,np.H~.UllflpH'HCb'K·OrO , a TlJib'KH O~He - yKpaiHCLKe. <p.aKT geif Bi~~H3''liH'B y CBOiX CTaT-

THX i M. roJiyoeyL, npH 'IOMY BiH 1;3 mupiCTIO BG~MiTHB TBOIP"~Y ·nepesary 'Hla'~~Hin·psHgiB. 3aB,IIaHHH yKpaiH'CLIKoro MHCTegTBa. mrpeg11.;3y:B3B BiH TaK: ,JI\HTH i T·BOpHTH mHT­TH, ·KJI31CTH! m·~Ba'JIHHH ni,u; COiHH"'IDCTL ;3aBTPillHLOI ~H:H-. . . HH· - OTCe lMIIIepaTH'B yctx, Y!O 1JYIOTb 1 ~yMalOTh DO•

YKpt8(lJI1CbK'H. q.YJIH H81 cooi Bary g&ooro h'\file-paTH'BY H yxpa­i·HC&IKi 00p81;30TBOp'!Ji, Ti Ca'Mi, HKHX oiJI.LWiCTL - a ro­BOpiHIMO ge He oo·pa~O'BO 8'Hi nepeH·OOHO, B'qopa Y!e

CTO'HJia B CT}>iJiegL.KHX O'Konax, a, H'K oy~e ITOTPeoa, CTaHe

"' B •HHX ;3.31BTpa •••

3 no·rJis,u;y yLoro artis militantis (,11.0 ·pe"lli - "'H He Bnepme ·B ra .. lJ:HqHui MHCTJ!Ii Ta KpHTH'KH Bii\HJIH J!bOrO 0;3oHa·qeHHJI) i npHBiTaB r OJiyoeyL Ha BHC'r.StBJAi TBOpH KOBmyua:

26

06K .. 1a,.'I,nHKa. qepso­Ha 1 ;ieJieHa lf>apoa.

1924.

,Ha~·BHCbl\0 iforo Bi,J;O'Me ra .. 1HQbKi1H ny6)Ii~ ~ pH­

cyHKLB 1 K3pH~a'Typ., ·pO~ClHHHX HO H3UIHX mypH3!..-'1.3X.,

T3 ~ ;33CT3BOIK., H'KHlMH Bl,ll; poKy iiHlll310TbCH .rie,LJ;.Be He

Bci nepio,n;nrqui JibB~B'CbKi BH,II;aBHH1J!TBa. Ue - llaBJIO

KoBmyu. IloH'BHBCH ua uamoMy rpyHTi pa~oM ;3 po~6n­TOIO apMi~IO Y HP. CKHuyu oAnocTpi~u i., ~aKH xTo BctiiB

Of.I1H'H-yT'H'CH~ BiKe HOfO 6y,'lo TIO'BHO TaM., )l.e BXO,LI.KJIO ..., . ..

B rpy X·oqa H3HCKpOMHliiJe UHT3HHH ·MH1CTeQ;bKOl HaTypH.

3a p~K He 6yJio B 1iKe Hi O,ll;HOrO BH,ll;3'B1JH., 1.!!0 Maroqn

CHKi-TaKi eC'TeTH1IHi BHMorH., He noKo-pncTyBaiBCH 6 H:oro

27

Oo:toia,IJ.nHKa. 1924.

nepgeM. B pe~ynhTa"Ti rro­CTaJia ~npeiHTepeooa ;i6ip.Ra rpacpiKH., Hl\8 He O)l.HOMy, ·~ MeHIIIe pyX.I'lHBUX, BHeTa­.~l:a 6 Ha ~npi6o:K gt.~1oro

iKHTTJI. ,ITeperJifi!HbMO xo·q 6H . E " cepno 'IHiceJI , y,zurKa .,

HKHn ~oiluo np·H c.niBpo6i·T­HHgTBi KoBmyHa 1JcniB ua­op 3 Til X 3ip arKTep y e'B·p OITeH­Ch~oro BH,r:r.a:B1HHgTBa xoq 6u ~ i.JIIOCT}Jag·~ifHoro oo:Ky., ne­p:ern·a·HbMO - H~KY IHOBO­'B'H)l.3tHHX TBO'piB <f>paH'K3. 3 KO'iKHoro pH·CYH'Ky, ;i KOiK­Hoi rpacpiquoi MIHIHTJP'KH . . Bl~ Ha H·3'C 'I'HMCb C.BDKHM i pimyqo no~~oaBn·eHHJM ma­

o.~ThoHy. X·TOCb Ta!M n-opiiBIHJI!B KosmyHa ~ Ei·p~·CJie~M., • 1.1.

a Meut qorocb np·Hra.IIyeThCH .,.,Harm . ,Xi·oa ge Kouequo wy.KaTH MipKH )J)IH apTHCTa no;ia

MemaMH aTMoccpepu, rs aKiif BiH po~HB·ca i H'KY ,n;o ,n;e­HKoi M~pH ca:M xapmKTepH;3y~? H oKa~ars ou: npo·cri.me­KO'BiKfH l!e KOJiocaJILHo TanauoBHTHH, opHI'iu·aJibruml y~tpaiHCbKllH rpa<Jlix. B u·aTypi uoro JIHrJI•o qJO·CL rpa .. ~iquo ~~e-gH,ZJ;OBaHe i pi•;iKe, a npH TiM YJI11HMe ,11;0 r.pa· HHgL MOiKJIHBOCTH.

,Bi·H Mome nrpa~rona·TH )l.JiiH ;i3MOB'JI'eHHH ;i ri.;ro m iHTeHCHIBHi•cTro, ~ H'KOIO npayro~ ,r:r. .. "'H MHJCTegrna, ~HaiO'tfH . . . 'IH BH'IYB8.10"tfH Te, Y!O, HeBI,ZJ;OMO 'B HKO.MY ·MOMC'HTI., ·CTpl-HeTL'CJI ~ o6'J11BneHHH·M BJiaicHoi T'B'o•pqoi BOJii. - He mKo­.IJ-HJio o Ha,ZJ; yi·~ro pHCKOIO KoBmyua ;iacTaH-OBHTHCH

28

IHAH CDPAHKO

•

06I\ Jta )J, HHKa (B opur. TYill ;iOJI OTO) . 1922 .

. 29

MHCTJ!HM, HKl onepyiOTb 00-

~BiUHOIO MipoiO: ,pro esu" i , pro yesu". Eo xTo MCHl

;i HH•X ;iapytiH'Tb, Y!O TO,li,I, KO·

o~"'ll BOHH npaJ.!IOIOTh )I,JIH .,,x.,;rn-

6 " a , B'OHH HC HaCH.JIYIOTh ce-

6e, cBi)l.oMo ~aTH:paiOq].f TY .. . . rpaHy CBO~l liJI'~H,B'lJI.ya.:rlbHO-

·CTII, H'KiH XOTiJIOCH O .. TH1CHYTII

H'Kpa;i B Mo-MeHT, K·Oo~"'H 1BOHH

B·H'KHHY o~"'H CBO€, MliCT'egTBO ~a

,li,Bepi? A B Ko·BmyHa., HKHii . .. Kpl'.M TCXH11'IH01 Bnp~a;BHO:CT'H

on·epy€. 'BH·CO'KO p·0";3BHHYTOIO

3BTORpHTHKOIO, B)I,3JIOCH MCHi ;iaoocepByBaTH HKpa;i npo­

THIBHHH n6'H'B. I ToMy pet.ri., HKi Biu o~naqa~ H'K ,.,Jiy6KH"

M310'Tb ,IJJIH MeHe TOH caM i'HTepec~ mo npagi., ni)l. HKHMH . . . BlH IIl,li,DHCY~TbCH IIOBHHIM lMCHC·M.

,., qUi IIpH TO~Y ni)I.·Kpec.,"'CH•Hi i po~BHHeHHi iH.ll.lfBi­

,uyaJihHOCTH, HKe Ta.K i o' ~ j~ CTiH'KH, ;iaiBi\llleHOI rpa<t>i­

Ka•MH Ta eTIO)I.aMH KoBmyHa., 6y~eMo .U.HByBaTHCH, Y!O

TOH MO .. 'lO,ll,eHh'Kir.H M!HcTeyh, 1.-!!0 pic i MoryTniB !B aTMo­

cq>epi Tno·peHHH neprnoi y·KpainchKoi AKa.a.eMii MH­

CTeJ!TB., BHH'BHB CCOC IIOIIIJKYIB3qeM TOfO, Y!O pa'C0110

yKpa.IHCbiKC B MliCTe!,!hKiH Ky ... 'lhTypi H3'lliH·X i 'MHHY o~'lH'X ,rJ.Hin?

.,IHTC'pCC'H10 ;i3'B'BaiKHTH., Y!O XO'll Blf'CTaBKa ~3CnO'qH,;'I3 HCITi)l.rOTO'Ba'HHMH M3H·me 'BCiX II yqaCHHKiB, ;3 Hl,HX O,li,Hi

oy JIHl n·plfiM·yrneHi ~3TH peqj ·CT3'piiii, a ,ll,tJ yri o6MCa\H}IHCH

)1.0 KiJihKOX ,ll,pi6HHX i O~HOCTO'J10'HHrix eKCITOH.ariB., TO

KoBiKyui ;3'H3(lfliiOB y cooi CTiJihKH eneprii, moo no·K3;i3TH

oeoe M'OmJIJIIBO DOBHO. I Ti.~lbi~H TiH pi,li,'KiH eneprii ;33-

B,li,H'IIY~MO cpa·KT, mo cTiH.Ka KoBmyHa, He ~BamaiO'liH' Ha

oni.,rlbHHH, o-npe,ll,i.~'lCHH;H rpacpi'qHHH ~HaMCHHHK, npe,li,­

CTaB..riH~ThCH TaK oaraTorp.a.HHO. QqeBH,li,HO, nepeB3il\3«;

30

qopuo-6i.i18 rpa<}>iKa., ane B ii pHMKax Ma~·Mo ne,li.Be ue B·Ce., Y!O ·yiKa·BHTb i HCDO'KOITb J!bO'fO Hep'BO~Ho-pyXJIH­BOfO MHCTJ.!H. Bi,ll. i,li.HJii'IHOTO .,.,yKpaiuc&Koro neleamy", ,li.O ~8'KJIHTOfO B Ky6i'IHi ct>opMH .,.,~aJii'~OOCTOHy" ct>a6pJI!q-

. .. . '' HOfO MlCTa., Bl',ll. CTHJil~OB8HOTO .,.,H8'T10pMopry ,li.O CTH· . . M " y JihO.BOTo, rpa$l''IH'oro ma!Hpy B po,ll.·t .,., ·aiMa.H • ce TYT

~Be,ll.eHO ~·0 TIJIOY!i i Jiri.uii, H'KH'X B~3~MHO'Bi~HOWeHH'HM K "' onep y~ OB'iKYH am ,1:\0 MOiKJIHBOfO 'M·ctK,CHMfM e-ct>eKry •..

B '13·CH I T8 II BucT.8BKH r ,[(YM KoBiKYH TI·P3!!10B81B i a·K rpaq>iK, i HK Manap. Ha I BHcTaB·gi no·Ka·~aB BiH 29 peqeif, ua 11-ilt: -- 50; 6ynu Ta·M, np31B,1I.,a, if oni:Hui KapTHIHH., ane rpa~ijJiKa nepe·Bamana. Oniimi KapTHHH KoBmyu ·MaJIIOBaB ne-peuamuo B BopHcJiaBi. XapaKTepu­~y~ ix nepe,ll.yCi'M CHJibHC 03'pBHe H8CH'IeHHH., TpOXH ,IJ,e­KOp'8'THBtHO uaii\ .. "'a,ll.e·ua lflap6a., rpy6HMH il coKOBHTlilMH M81;.i·Ka.MH. Y cno~MY ManapcTBi KoBmyu Mir BiJILHO no­Ka~aTH ouoro opTiro 6aps., RKa B rpact>iyi OYIJa~ ~ npHpO,li.H o6MeiKena. MucTegL., myKai01.JH nepe,ll.yci'M :po~B'a~·KH 'IHCTO o6·pa;30TBOp11HX IIpOOJ--.eM., CBi,li.O'MO ~Hif:Q!yBaB y CB·OIX OJiiHHHX M8,TIIOHK8X npOC'Topouy iJIIO~OpHiCTb., rrpH1118'Ma:uuy uan.pHMKaM pea.aicTH'IHHM; ·ryT KoBmyu­Manap cxo,u.uuca ~ KoumyHoM-rpaf}ltKOM.

3 rp.aqli'KH ~a ua~if6inhme KoBmyHoB·e ,ll.·oc·arueHHH THX qa,c.iu T!p·e6a BBaiKa'TH OO'KJI,a',li.'HHKH ,IJ,o TBopiB I. <l>pa1Hna

Ta HH~KY K3'pHK8'TYP· 06·KJI8,IJ,HHKH ,li.O <l>paHK8 Y!C ,nyme . . . .. . . p1!;.iHOM8'H'lTHl CBOlM CTHJieM, rroq8'BlliH Bl,ll. lllie T'pOXH Bi;ri6iucLKo-Ha:p6yTiBc&Koro CTHJIIO rpa<fliKH ,li.O .,.,3iB'a-

'' . .. I . 6 '' JIOfO JllfCTH T8 Y!C CHMB:OJilCTH1.fHOl ,1:\0 ,., ~ ,II,Hl!B myp H ~

a·m ,li.O 6ara·To-opuaMeuTaJib'HHX ,li.JIH ,Semper tiro" i , Boa constrictor". HoBHH, YJKe ~oBciM eBiu BJiac·HH;H BHCJiiB K·oumyH nn11aB ~uaxo,IJ,HTH B rpaq>iKax .,BopH·C .. lJa:B cMi­~T&ca"., .,.,HK IOpa IIIRKlMaHro.K 6pHB qepeMo·m" Ta i'H. TyT yme ni,IJ,XO,li.H'TL ua ~aJILmHil rr.~"'HH o.pu:aMeuT, a ;i'an­JIH~TLCH 6iJILlll K·OHCTPYKTHBHa cpopMa., HKa H no'lla"•a B~H8''13TH O.z:\HH HOiBHH nepi,o,a; ·:Horo rnopqocTH. B Ka·

31

Oul\.1a~nnKa. 1928.

pH1K3'TYP3·X l,ll;'KH1H UO.I'IiTHlqHlrif ryMop .;,ZI;H31B1CH ;3 ynpOJ1!C­

HOIO q>o'pMOIO ;306pamyBaHOTO, CH..i'lbHO ,li;CKopaTirBHOID,

aJie caMe Ta'I\HH He'HaTypa .. 1iCTJfq'HHH rri,u;xi~ npame BiJJ,-. . , . ,li.3B31J l lll,li.KpeCJIIO'B3'B Te, 11!0 MHC'Tegh XOTJ.r"B C'I--:a;saTIL

~o uaiiKpa~:m;Jix KapHKaTyp ua.nema'Tb: .,~IIi;~; ynpai"ach.KlEn ,ll.epmaBHitlM .1J.y6oM''., ,.,EiJihlliOBHKH .H YKpaiHa'\ ~,Be­JIHK,II;eJih 1922", ~apuKaTypH ua AHTa'HTY Ta rna:pro:i ·Ha

Bt,li.O'MHX To,ujuruix ,n;iarqiB MUCTegTBa i rroJiiTJtiar. lJ{ti= ,II;O KHHiKHOI rpacpi,KH, T3K ge Bif\e ;3ara-''1bHO Bfi~Ha-Ha

32

.n;yMKa, mo c.npaiB,n:i H'O'BoqacHO oq>o·.pMJieH·y KHWKKY lB ra­JIH'IHHi ,n:aiB nepiiiHH KoBmyu. l(e cTBep,n:HJB, M. i., M. q>e~roK, aiBTop TeKcTy ,n:o aJJ.b·OO'MY ,fpa<f>i'KH" II. KoB­iKYHa (B.JBo ,TpeTi IlisHi", JILsiB-Kmu, 1924):

,,II:o BHCT)1lny IIasJia Ko·siKyH'a, y~pai1HC~bKY KHmKKY Ha· Tepeui raJIHJ!hKoi YKpaiuH uu,n:auaHo, B ua·H:JiinwoMy pa~i, oe~ Hi1HKHX MH·CTeghKo-rpaq>i'liHHX Jl:0Jl:8''ITK'W. Eo, ~a IBH'II'HTKOM CBiTJIO'i Tpa,n:HJ!ll Jl:8'BHiX CT81B:poniriHCbKHX ,n:.pyKiB, HeiiOXHTHO CTBep,n:iKy~TLCH <f>aRT, lli'O pi;:tKO H'Ke Jib:oiBCb'Ke BHJI:8HHH ~ !;!bOrO DOTJIHJI:Y MOiKH8 TpaKTYB8TH ll·OB 8ii\JHil'W e.

,1\umKKa ~BepxHiM CBOiM BHTJIHJI:O·M Itpe,n:CT8!BJIHJI8.CH . . ... ,n:yme 'HfiKJl:eHHO, DOplB'HIOIOqH 11 ·~ qfiKHMH 'BH.IJ:8HH'HM'H, . . . . . Ha-BlTD T8lKl JlbBlB·CbK'1 BHJ1:8HHH, Y!O BlKe HIHK ·He MOrJIH ~JierutOB8iKHTH ueooxi,n:HOCTH MHJCTe·gbKOi O~Jl:OOH, ue BH• ,n:epmyJOTb ualfMeHllloi xpHTHIKH. BH,n:asyi rrpocTo itHo­PYIOTb gro cnpaBy, ro,n:yro'IH 'llHTaltfiB nicuHM xJiiooM, DOJ1:810"1H itM M8'WHHOCBi I11pO'Jl:YKJ!ii ,n:pyKapCbROi KOJIIOMHH, 6py,lUio Bi,n:oHToi Ha rranepi. KoJIH ume ~a,ua,n:To ni,n:uo­CHJI·OoCH nyoJIIf\qHo Jl:OM81r8'HHH KHH3\'KH rapuoi He ri.JibKH Jli:TepaTypHHM ~MiCTOM, BHJ1:8BeJ!b Bi,n:,n:a'Ba:B ii Jl:O O~.IJ:OOH pHcitsuuKosi-,n:uJieTaHTOBi. Ta.K BH'XOJI:HJIH a·Jit»Ma.uaxH, xa­Jieu,n:a;pi~ ~6i1pHHKH noe~iH: i T. ,n:.

,TpHJiiTuil}l ue,n:o6poBiJib·HHH nooyT y JlbBOBi MlreTJ!H IlaBJia KoBmyua o~·Haqy~ ,n:JIH JihBi·BCbKHX yx.paiucbKHX BH·Jl:8Hb piwyqHiil ~BO'pO'T B inWHH oiK. 3a TOH qac MO­JIO)l:Jt.!H MHCTe!Jb ycniB BDpOB8Jl:HTH B HO'PMY llOT}Je6y i HKi·CTb 01Kp8'CH H81WHX BH)l:aHb i, ~,n:a~TbiCH, Y!O IB·me ,n:aJii B H8·C HeMS;~ MicyH )l:JIH KHHiKKH, DO~OaBJieHoi MHCTeYb­~oi O~Jl:O'OH, i Y!O J!H o~,n:ooa He CMi~ BiKe aJciCTIO rip·

" wa~TH •••

Te, mo CTBO·pHB KomKyu B ,n:L"IHH!!i npHKp18CH 'KH·mKKH, CIIP81BAi Ayme p·~HHJIOCH Bi,n: TOro BCboro, mo nepe,IJ;me B TiM ,IJ;iJIR'Hgi ,n:aJIH B raJIWIHHii xoq OH IlaH'KeBHJq., Kynh­qHigb'Ka, KoJiyyuax Ta ia., axi rrepesa:muo D'PHCTOColBy·

33 3

BaJIH pHcyuKOB(), a He rpacpi'Iuo, uapo~.u,Hif o'P"'aMeHT ~o rJpacpiKH, ~o Toro iK He rrepeTnopiOIOq}f J:i:oTo ua 6a~i . . . HOBl'THIX M·HCTeJ!bKHIX npHM·yBaHL, aKTya•Jib'HHX TO~ll

B EB:porrri. 'fHM qacoM K·o11~yu ~ seJIH'KO·ro Jie'fiKi'cT·JO no­~~·uys81B XO'I ·6H TpalJ.HI!!iHHe YJ(paiHChKe 6apORl\O -~ eiHmpecio:Hi~·MO'M, HaBiTb ~ <}>yrypH'~MO·M, Tpa:K·TyiO'tJH ix paBa\~H ~ CfTOM3JIHpCbKO'fO IJIOfJIH;::J;y, ce6To, nepe,n;y-. . . CIJM, ~ liQ'rJIH~Y B~3'~MHOfO Bl~HOille'lfHJI TeM'HHX 1 H'CHHX IIJIOY!·HH. CTOH'IH Ha gLo·My cTporo o6·pa~otTBop~oMy cTa­uosum;i, KoB·myu ~-o;BciM ue nona~aB y roJIH,J:i: cpoptMa~i~'M, 0·0 cpopM·Ifl, KKHMH BiH onepysaB, 6yJIH H3JIH'Ti 110Tpi6um­MH MO'M'Y ua:gio'H·aJibHH·MH eJie-MeuTaMH. OraK BHXO~HJIH . . . IIOB'HO!!IHJI!I. MHICTeJ.!.L'Kl TBOpH, B HKHX )l;OC'K•O/HaJIO ILO~~·H:Y· B31JIHCH C:.,opMa i ~MiCT. Ue H 6y.Ho Te HOBe, mo ua.J:i::ruJibille Bna~ano B o'Ii rrpH KO"BmyuoBHX rpacpiKax.

Xa-paKTepH~YIO"~H rpacpiKy I\oB·iKyHa, B. Cirt.IHHCLJ\HH nHcMJ (Bi6ni,ori·qffi BicTi, 1927, 4) :

,1\o .. "'H MH cnpo6y~MO o6'~.n;HaTH :MOJIO·)l;lfX MHCTgiB­rpacl>iKiiB y ~araJILHi rpynH B ;ia.JICiKHOCTi Bi~ CTHJii•CTJf'I· HHX O'C06JIH'BO'CTCH, illKOJIH, MaHepH 'JH· HarnpHM.KY, T'O CTa• H·e:Mo nepe.n; HeCIIIo,ZJ;IBa·HHM nHTaHHH·M - KY~H caMe npH­~,I(HaTH II. 1\osmyHa - ocTiJihKH o:ci6ae !Mi.cge ~a,ifMa~ yeH MHCTeJ!b y cyqa-cui:J:i: yRpaiHCLRiH rpa<J>i;~i CBOiM .H'CKp8:BHIM CBO~pl1)l;H·HJM CTHJieM, OpHrfiHaJI.LHOIO KO.Rgen­yi~IO ra rpact>i1.rnow MaHepow.

,BiH qyTJIHBO Bl)l;fY'KY~TbCH ua BOi MO)l;epui Te'III, po~yMOO'IH ix 110-CBO~MY i ue Bi~·CTYII3'J()J"'H B'i~ o~oi, X'O'I i XBHJia·cToi .u;o·porn. BrrJIHBH npuxo.u;HJIH AO KoB3CYml '18-CTO ~ HO'B'HX M8JIH'pCLKHX, 8! He C'negH<IJi'liHO r.pa·cpi'tfHHX Han.p HMI·B.

,IIoMHH3'101.JH pa·uu~i rrpa,yi, BCi KH·HiKKOBi rpa<l>iKH R·oBmyHa ·TJl'8K'TOB·aHi ~aum.u;u nJI.acKo, ~ ac.uHM ni~­:tqJecJieHH.H'M IIJIOY!l i Ma-TepiHJIY nanepy, ~ CHJILHHlM Ha­XHJI01M ~0 CHHTeTHl.JH'Oi y;iaraJILHC'HOi <IJ·opMH, cnegiHJihHO i q>itypo'BoMy pucyuKy, ~e )l;OTemiY npoCTOTY ~oBe~eHO

34

SEMPER T RO

06KJJ8,U:HHK3. 1922. s·

Bn.u.auunqnu ~HaK.

~0 OCO'OJI'HBOI CXeM3TH1..JHO­

CTH oop·uci:B Ta cyMapHOCTH

<f>o:p·M. ~H <f>op:Ma ... TbH3 MO'B3

JJ.yme H1c~epa·ua '1 p~HOMa­

HI'THa, ,li,'OCHra~TbCH pHTMOM

n:poTH!Jfe'mHHX, B~a~MHOII0-

00p10101.:1HX CH_.ll: . ;i'aO·~QJJ·yr.:rie­HOl i yrJI'3'CTOl qJO•pMH, py­

xy 1 CIIOKOIO, pO;iKJI3));310-

qux i 0'6' ~,n;HyJOqux CHII,

,ll;H<IJepeHgiHgii: T3 iHT'ei'pa­

yii. Ha gHx np·oor,HJiemHo­

CTHX IIOOY~OB3'HO IB·ci KOM·

IIO;iHgii Kou·iKyHa, 111-a J!bO­

MY KOHTpa·cTyiOl.:l'oMy rrpHIH-. !!Hlll ~JIOiKeH'O 1 KO'JILOpH-

" CTH'IH'Y C.K3JIIO •

UiKauo, HK ca:M ·MHCTegh ,IJ;HB·H·BCH B TOH 1.:1ac Ha xa ..

paKTep 1 ~afB,ll;aHHH rpa<JliKH. B cTaTTi ~,3anHCKH MaJIH-'" . . " . .

pa , ITQIMl'Q!,·eHliH y JlbiBJJBCb'l~OM)' JllT • .~MH!CTeghiKOIMY myp-

HaJii ,MHTyca" (1922, 1), KoBiKYH mt:Ca'B·:

,fl·K i B~3f3!Jii 'B Ir.:'IHCTlfl.:IHiM MHCTeyTBi, Ta•.K i B rpa,. <Jliyi - roJIOBHY pOJIIO Bi.,ll,o·rpa.~ <IJ 0 p M a, aJie ~HO'BY T3'KH B MaTepiHJii, ~ HKlOfO OKJia.,D;a~Tb1C.H rpa<IJi'IH3 n:pa­

!!H - oiJiiH i qopHiH 'IIJIH·Mi - i B JAiJii!H ,n:ym~ rpa{jli1KH­

pHci ()lloHii) - Bi,D;'l.:I'YTH ri CHJIY i MitJAb i IMHCTe:gbKiCTb -

~aJieKO He ,n;a~·fb'CH HaiBlTb y ,li;'O'CKOHaJieHHM MHCTYJIM·

TeX'Hl'K31M.

,KOJIH rpa<IJiqHa pHCa He Ma~ iKHJTTH, KOJIH 80'113

npoue,n;eHa y,n;ocKo·HaJieno, aJie ooH~·Ko i cyxo - BoHa

MepTB.a i He r p a <P i 1.:1 ·H a. ,KoJIH i,n;·eaJihHo Ha.pucyuaTH npe;::r_MeT, KOJIH um cTa­

p.a,HHo OOp'OOJieHII'H, KOJIH BlH TeXHilq}fQ )J.OCK'O!H3-JIHH, aJie

oe~ r p 31 <IJ 'i q 'H 0 T 0 'II y T T H - Bl'H CT3~ MepTBerq­

'liHHOIO, )1;3~ BpamiHHH ~BH1.:13'HHOI K3JI&KH i m'KOJIH 'He

36

J' (bJ.:n-.,_,. .~E~Jtf.fll

HA

1025

~•-rll!"P4-ry•.-.o -, ......... ~4.., .............. " IH«!TH-ry-r

~4~~~4

06IOia,J,IHIK3. 1924.

MOii\Ha iioro 6paTH ~a 'lJHCTe ·MHlCTeJ!TB\0 - 00 H m:KOJIH Bm iforo ·He ,n_a.cTLooo

, .. Bo.1IO,IJ;iTH r p a cp i q H 0 10 T e X H i K 0 lO He ~Ha­'IJHTh me B ·0 -JI 0 ,IJ; iT H r p a cp i q H 0 10 cp 0 p M O·IOo

,TorH M3-JIHp He oy.zr.e rpa-lJ>iKOIM, 'KOJIH Bi'IL, - o~opo­~HH1H H3,IJ;JIIO,IJ;CbKOIO TeX.mKO~ rrpH'MiBHTb ii i nepeuece Ra narrip, aJie oe;i iKU.BOi H ·o,n;yxoTBQpeHoi JI.iHii. Haom·Tb poSyMiHH'H ,IJ;eiCopaTHBHOCTH pHCH HC ,n;a•CTL rpalJ>iqHOrO MHCTeJ!TBa., a ~po6HTb HOr(l ITpOMHCJIO:BOIO pl"l::"'IO,

• 0

1 TlJibKH ...

,rpa<f>iRy Hap6yTa Tpe6a po:~rJIH~aTH ue Tinh'KH HK TexHi'llHY remHJib•HiCTb y YbOMY po,n;i, aJie H Jl'K KOJIOCaJIL-. . .. . uy CHJIY y Bt,n;po~meHHI yKpaiHICLKoro ·Ma.n.Hpcrna B~alraJil, po,oneHoro 'BHCoKo-ap·ucToKpa!TwmH.i\1 yMoM. JIH'IIIeHL Te­nep MH ll:0'1HH3'f;M•O llO'~y-MiTH, HKY BTpaTy ~pOOJieHO B pl()­ciucbK'iu KY JILTYPi ~ Hay;ioHaJibHHIM ycui,n;oiMJieHHH:M r 0

Hap·oyTa i nepexo,n;oM :Horo ,n;·o Hac, yKopaiHgi!B". TyT ~ra~,n;aHi Ha,ifxapa'KTepJre'riAirimi pucu, KRi ii BH­

;i'RarqaJIH rpa1lJ>i•Ky caMoTo KoBmyua: He 6.oH~Ka. i 11 e cyxa pHca, iKHBa H: o.ZJ;yxoTBopeua Jiiuri.H, cyro-r.pa.lJ>iq}fa <t>opMa - Te BCe., Y!O nepe.ZJ;yciM oyJIO IIpll'T31M8'HHe HOrO unaoHm rpacpiyi. T-o·My Tem, KO.i'IH u.a'Bii.TL H-K~cL pe11i oyJIH ~pOOJieHi CKOpocmWHO (~ra,n;y-BaHi roJiyoyeM ,JI)110KH") - Bi.,IJ;'IYTTH rpa:lJ>i'IHOi Jii'Hii i U emJIHBltCTb Ta e~cnpeci1H Ha·,ZJ;:aiBa:JIH· H3!m1Tb H.aJHMeHmirii :Ho·ro peqi mHTTH,

iH~HIBi.ZJ;ya·nLHoro o6JIW~'IH, o.ZJ;yxoTBo:pe-HHH. Ha III i IV BHcTa:Byi r,nYM KoBiKYH )"131CTH :ume

He ·opa!B; 'MiiK HHM Ta iHIIIIHMHl 'IJieHaMH ryp'11Ka BB!IIHKJIH pi1;3·Hi riJ,n;eoJioTi'tJJHO-MHCTegL~Ki po~XO,ZJ;iKe.HHH. C.rrpaJBa oy­JIIa·, O~IIepe'lJiHO, B TO'My, Y!O BiH CaM ~at;,ZJ;'IfO He ri.liL1\H cniAK'fB'31B ~a1 p·o.~BHTKOM cyqacuoro eBponeireb·xoro 1\fH­

CTegTua, a II uaMa'ra'BICH Wm pa~M ~ HHiM·o Ho!Bi HanpHMH~ .HKHMH TaKe oaraTe oyJio TO·rO'I3oCHe esporreHC-bne M'H,

CTeJErBO, HK Ro·u-c,.,pyKTHIBl~M., nyp~M, CynpeMa~l-1, Ha){ ..

p·ea•Jii~·M Ta iHo, Y!O H3 3axo.ZJ;i 'B'HCTyrraJIH H:K 6e~Hpe,LL'leT-

38

CTeJ!TBa, a BTiM i )1;8T8 Ha·po~iKeHHJI HeOBi;38·HTHHi~:My CXO~WI8CJI ~ Hapo~iKeH·HJIM Ky6i,3My, JI,K.HH i nepesm O)I;Hy ~ H8JHO'CHOB'HiiiiHX i HaMrJIHOlliHX o6pa$OTBO!p·'IH!X peso­JIIOyi.H B lCTO'pii MHCTeyTBa, CbOfO~Hi me H'e BIC'LM•8 ra-­p~,n; oyi'HeHy. 0T81K, JI'K 08'1HMO, po~XO,II)KeH·HJI B IIOOJii rypTKa M8lJI'O rJI'H'Owy OCHOBy. Po~'JreHHTH w B·ci cn:paBK o6pa;.i0'TBO'P''I·OCTIH B~K·JL81CJI D1il;.iHilllle y CB01lX BH.,ZI_8'HHHX Aco.giRgiH He~aJieJKHHX Y Kp·aiH'CbKH'X MHcTJAiiB, HRoi O.AJHHJM ~ iHiyiHTopiB 6yu caMe KoBiKyH.

Ta, am ,n_o 1930 ·p., Ko·umyu aKTH'B'li'O ui.n;e He BH· cTyna~ ny6ni'IHO. Bi11 ~oBciM ui,n_~a~TLCH OBOl'H rpa-<j>i"'­Hii npagi, BHCT8'BJIHI0'111 xi6a H8 ~oipHHX rpa~<fJi'I'H,HX BHCTaB·Ka·x ~arxo·p)I;O:HOM -- y Ilpa:~i ( 1924) Ta B·p10cceJii (1927). K'piM gh'oro p·o';.iMSJILos·y~, - pa';.iOM ~ MH'CTyeM M. Oci:u'lyKoM·, yepKIB'H. 3a CB'O~ He,n;oru.re iKHTTH po·~Ma-. .. . . JIIO'B8'B 'Bl'H IX HeMaJIO - J!lJil THCJI'q} KB8,z:t;.p8'TO;JJHIX MeTplB opHaMeHTiB Ta K8tp"THIH, mo IBiH ,u_o HHX a6o npHiKJI-8.B PYKY ca•M, a6o cTBopHB ,n;o H·HX ·rrp-o~KTH. Ca'M'OCTinHo inflKOHY­BaB si1H noJiixpoM'ii ,IJ;"JIH 6i'I'HHX uaB gepKBH B KyJiu:KoBi~ npeooiTepiiO B 3auiKosi, O.IJ;H)' ~ ~aJIL Jlo·Bis·cLKoi Boro­CJIOBCLKoi AKa,n;eMii .Ta in., a cniJibHO ~ npo<fl. Oci~uqyx()IM po~MaJIIOBaB H~KY gep·KoB- B O~ipaiil (1929), CoKaJii (1929-33), 3a.UIKO!Bi (1931), ,I(o)IHm (1931), J\'IH10I8· IIIeBi ( 1932), HaHoHe''tfHLM ( 193 7), KaJiymi ( 1938), Bo­JIO.IJ;HJMHJP!!KX (1938), CToJI'HoBi Ta iH. MicgeBocTax, rrpH 'l'o:My KoBiKYJfOBi H&'JieJKaTb nepe,n;yciM CKJia,n;Hi opHa­MeHTaJI-LHi ·K·OMTfO~HI!!1ii. TyT BiH ,n;yme macJIHlBO no~~-Hy­B81B .n;emo yKJIHCH'I·JreHi <j>opMH •Bi~aHTHIKH i 6apoKKa,. qep1D8B i ~ Ha,po,n;Horo M·HcTegTBa, IIIfK&-IO·'IIf if TYT Bi"'aoi MH)CTegL:Koi CHlHTe;3H B rapMo.uii <flopMH :H KOJibopy .. ,I(e­HKi <flopM8JILHi Mo,n;epHi~'MH o·pHaMeHTY fl.O~,li;HJIB8B Bi'H yMiJI•O ~ T81KHIMH C81MH'M'H S,OCT:p81KTHHl~IH <flop.Ma~MiH pa·H­HbOBi~a'H.nlHCbKOfO reo-MeTJ>R"'HOrO OpHaMeHTy.

P.a·~o!M ~ M. OciH'IyKoM CTBopHB ui·u CBo~pi,II:Hri Tmr ROJiiXpOMN, ~ MOHyMeHT8 .. 'IbHO'-JieKOp8'THBHJit.L'IDI <}JO'pMaMK

40

06KJI 3)J.HHK3. 1924.

Ha Bi;33HTfHCbKiH Ta oa:poKKO:BiH O·CHOBi. X3'p3.KTep~y­IOTL TO'H CTHJib BeJIHKi, CHJibHO ~a·oap'B·JieHi DJIOY!l, O'o·pa-. . MOBaH1 C'KJI3~HIHIM opHaMeHTOM, pl'B'HOBara .1\0JllbOpOBH'X . . M3'C, .1J-eK·O:p3THBHO·DJIOY!HHHO TpaKTO·Ba:HI ll01CT3'TI, mo., . . . B g'l'JI·QICTl, CTa:BaJIH CatM·l Haqe qaCTHHO'IO opHa-MeH·Ty. KoBmyH, y ·rrpogeci cBot;i npayi ua.u; noJiix,p·oMi~IO, ,IJ;Yif\e giK3B'HBCH llO,IJ;'lOHH·MH TB·Op3'MH MHCTegTB31 lJ MHiH·yJio•MJ, ir y~tpa~iHchKHMH, i qymHHHHMH'. 3 no'tla'TKOM 1931 p. KoruiKYH l;3,li;HB ,n;o I TaJiii, oyB y BeHegii, PaBeHH.i~ <l>.rlbO­peHgii, PHM·i, Hea'noJii, IIa'JiepMi., Mou:peaJii. CnegiHJILHo . .. ;33XO'DJIIOB3BCH BTH CTapHMH' M0·;33'1Ka:MH pa11HbO·XpH1CTHHH-CbKOi ~QIO'H i D·p~ ;3 'HHX 03'f31TO <fJoTo:rpa<fJiif.

II:po T·e, HK K·oBiKYH crrp·H·if.Ma:B iTaJI~HCLKe, c·ra.pe if HoBe, MHCTe.gTBo, 'MOQKe rroKa·;3aTH JIHCT ,z:t;o aB'Topa gi~i CT31TTi, ~ oepe-~HH 1931, ,n;e BiH, M. i., IIHC3'B ~ PHMy:

,B Upa·;3i oaqH'B BH•CT3BKY cyqacH01rO <fJ·paHyy;3LKO·ro MH!CTegTBa: 6yu IIiRa.cco., EpaK., Jleme, 0;3aJH<I>aH., MaTic i iH. ;3pooHTJia H3 Me'He BpamiHHH KOJIOCaJihHIOl M3.J'IHp-.. .. CbKOl ·KYJihTYJpH, BHnemeuoi ~0 MO~JIHBHX rpaHHgb, cep·iio;3'H<Yi., rJIHOOKoi. Taxa caMa BHCTaBKa y Bi,u;Hi Hop­BemyiB - yme ue Te. H~optuemgi ·Ky,n;IH MeHwe KYJILTypHi i TKmKi Ta THiKKo,n;yM·ui. O,n;Haoqe oyJIH i Ta•M p·e'tli giKaBi i <fJop·MoiO, i ~·Mi,cTo·M·, JIHWe 1HOpBe?K!Ji ;30'BciM He "tJYIOTL KOJILopy. B;3araJii, KOJihopaMH nouu u:p·ocTo T311\H He u·MiiOTb '()IIepyBaTH. B I'aJiepi·i Kunsthistorisches Mu­seum ~ 63'ra.ro n;pegiKaBoro - Ta Meue rrpHKyBaJio rrapy MaJIHX peqeif IIepy,n;miHo. Ilpo ·cuoi Btpa:miHHH BaM nH-caTH He 6-y;J..y, 00 BOHH CKJia1,IJ;Jci ,n;yme i He ~,n;eyH;,z:t;OB3Hi BIIO'BHi. Hap.a·;3i - ;33XOI]JI'IOIOC·b oaor3'TbOMa peqaMH, Hid

oalflfiB., Ta och PIHM ;3·0IBCiM Meue po·;3ToporuHB . .,.,CTapa pHMCLKa a•pxiTeKTypa giKasa, cepe,n;Hbi{)Bi~.Ha

,n;yme iMUOHY~ CBO~IO I'paH~io~Hi'CTIO, a:Ie M3JIHpCTB.a B PnMi He ;3·HanmoB. Hi Pa~aeJIL, Hi Mi'Ke)IL AH.,n;me.'IDO MeHe giJIKO'M He ;J3XODHJIH • ..ff llO,z:t;lfBJIH•IO B rHHX ·'M3rHCTep­

IDCTb Ta BipTy01;3IDCTL, Ta He ';3Ha·xo,n;my B HHX Hi HOJ.IbO'py

42

Hi <}lo }l:\-IH. I no.1 iT Ten Hl­

qoro Menl He rro:u3r3E;., .7111-

rnc :'\ICIIC HCpByf; CBOE;IO

mywKoio 1 po,;:Jno·ni,IJ,aHHH:\1

}ll';3HHX OaHO'K T3 HlCCHlT­

HH!Jh. Jio:\ty . .:llflllC H3.1C­

iKHThCH IIOJ].Hn3 ;33 ,II.CHIO

icTopitt-nri iH<IlopMagil ;33-

r3.;IbHoro X3panTepy. BiH., ,., .

0'-ICBlf;I.HO., oyn HCBHTl,LI,HO

nopauuif B I Ta:Iil: iforo Tlf-. . CH)"B KO':\Il]lC!Jb 1 I\3IIC •. IIOX -. . a BTI:'\1') nrn :no,.TJ.wHa csoro

qacy; 6i:Ihlli-MCHII1 )1,0 Toro Bn;~aBHIPia Mapl-\a. 1922.

l.Jacy na.1eant'Th y Hac 6araTo

MO.:lO,LI,IfX ,LI,lH"~UB :\1HCTC!!TB'3., 00 CT3JllliHX I.QC ,[l.a.ll TJlCOa • 4<.

Bl,IJ,CYHYTH .

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Chi\i <l)pecKH Pa<I)3C.1H, i CHKCTHHChna Kan.lHQ,H l\1ii\C:Ih

.A.H,J,i-1\C.~Ifl., HI\ gi:IiCTh., HC JlOO.lHTb i ,],CCHTOI 'l..JaCTlfiHH TOfO

BpaiKC'HHH., I.!!O 6y .lh HKa Mo;~aii\a ;3 BCHC!!,hHo·ro Can

l\fapno "Lfl{ ;3 }lll:\ICbKHX 300 <}l.lbOIJCHTiifChl\liX CTapHX

gepi\on. KoBmyH c.1yrnHo ;J,oKa;3ynaB, IJ!O naTiri\aHChKi

<}lpeci\H o6H;I,nox ;Jra,LI,aHnx MailcTpin cnoiM Bi,IJ,xH.10:\t

yme Ha ,li,CHI:\HM pea:Ii;3M TpaTHTb 6araTO i;3 CB-OfO 'l..JHCTO­

o6pa;JOTBOJl"IIOrO xapanTCpy ( QlOpMa n.~IIOC KO:ILp)., i Bit\C 'I •

HC n·HiKYThC'H ;3 apXITCKTYJlOIO Tan, HI\ ::'\-13.1H}lCTBO ,J,O

XV cT. i\ nTi:M') uanp . ., qlpecKII Mi'I\C:Ih AH,J,£1\C.lH naniTh . . ,., fO,LI,l ,II,O'I:\.l3,],HO }l0;3f.~lHHYTH l BOHR IJOO."IHTb Ha f .. lH,II.a'l..Ja

npameHHH O,r(HOfO Xaocy 6pOH;30BHX TOHin, i .lHlliC 110-

0,LI,lfHOKi CQCHH qu c}lpar'·MeHTH, nepe.ll,yciM y <}lOTOrpa<}lii, . . ,].310Tb Til;iH3TH l\O.lOCa)IbHlCTh J\IHCT!JH.

·13

,Quadriennale - nH'ca.u KosmyH ~am B T·oMy ca­MoMy JlfHC'Ti - ceOTO 4-pi'lllla BHCTaBK-a' iTa·JiiHCbKOfO MH­CTegrna - npegiKruua! IIpa'MIIOJii.Hi ~yme g~K.aBWI, -~yMa:IO, mo IB IIa·piDKi 'BH ·iio·ro 03'1HJI'H. A TO'!!Mi - TO nepex·o·,IJ;HTb yc-aKy yaBy. Mo;J;ep·Hi ~aJii (ucix 45) Ha,IJ;­;3-BHqai:H:Ho giKa'Bi, aJie ·He BC.i. e TeiK HOBe MHICTC'gTBo, npHKpameHe ll>iJioco<}li~JO - ye moch CTpawHe! He Moama ~HIBHTHCb. TyT y HiM - oarqiWJ yce - cKaiH~aJihHe Mip'KYB·aJHHH i ue Ha Micyt, 1 •He B qa1ci. IIocriMnpecioui­CTH giHaBi - oo KYJibTyp·Hi.

,~iJia ~aJIH Casorati, 28 ueJIHKHX peqeii, - o~Ha Ka~·Ka. KoJILOpH T}JOXH MeHe oxoJio~myBaJIH, aJie m yce B H:h'oro T3'Ke KYJibTypHe 1 po~yMHe - m·o ·M!O:H\H'3 ,IJ;HBy­'B'3TifCb, ~e 6epyTbCH T3'Ki np•eKp.a·cHi M3MCTpi.

,B~araJii H He noMHJIH'BtCH aHi Ha iloTy, KOJIH cBoro qacy ITHCaiB ~i JILBoBa Ba·M npo iTa-JiiLUC'hKe HoBe MH­CTeg·rno, ;3JH310~H :Ho-ro ~ pen·po~yKyill . .H TYT ni,IJ;TBep-.. . ,, ,IJ;HiB CBOl Cll•O'C'TepemeHHH ;3 !B'l~CO'ri<a·MH •.•

3yc~prj'q ~ •HOBHIM iTaJiiBCbKHM T3 ll>pau·gy~bKHM MH­CTegTB·O·M (ni~·Hi,me i HiiMe!_!hKHM) ,IJ;aJia KoiBmyuoBi ~Mo­ry nepeui,pwrH CBiii rnopqlfH lllJIH"X Ta nepeKoHaT'HCJI B TO'MY, H3'CKiJihKH BlitH· D1paBH.rlbHHH i H3CKiJI·bK:H Bi'H i,u;e mJIHXOM ~araJib'HO•eBporreHCbKOfO MHCTeJ!TB3 CBOrO qacy.

IV.

Ilo'Ia'TKH ,Acoyiayii He;iaJiemHJrn( Y KpaiuchKHX MHC"J1.!iiB" rrp:Hlfla,ZJ;3'10Tb me Hi3 1930 p., aJie OCT3r'f()'llHO o<J>opMHJia<cH BOH'a 1931 p. KoJIH atBTop gux P·H,ZJ;KiJB unep·me Bep·uyBcH ;3 IIapmKa B 1930 p., Mi?K MHeTJYIMH HmJIH ,li.HCKyoii npo IIOTpe6y HKOICb <JlaXOBOi MHCTe!;!bKOI opra.ui~aJgii; T3K orroqaTKy o<}>opMHBCH ,Co'10';3 Y KpaiH­CbiKHX MuCTyi·B'' (CYM), aJie m rry6Jiirtmo rri,IJ. <mo~JO Ha';3BO·IO BiH Hi,IJ.e He BHJCTynaiB, xo'll uo·ro ~axo.z:r_aMH

:H yJiamToBaflfo B HagioHaJILHoMy My;3ei y JIMJoiBi no­cMepTHY mtCT3'B'K'Y B. RpHma~HiBcLxorro Ta· ·s';3HTO yqacTL y pe,II.a-I'o'BamM M. foJiy6geM ,YKpafiu·coKiM MHcTegTBi". AJie 4-e '1. Toro mypuaJiy., xoq i BH,II.pyKys·aJHe, B KIHHTa1p-

.\J • • ' • CbKlH npo,II.a)Kl Ta'K 1 He' ;3 HBH}IO,CH, a Kl~b-Ka ;33•Y,lJilJIHX qHCeJI 'Ha1JI'eil\aTb CbOrO,IJ.Hi ,ZJ;O BeJIHKOi ,pL,II;K'OCTH. IloTOMY KoBmy:H pa~o·M ~ M. O·ciu'llyKoM BH'ixaJIIti .n;o ITa:Jiia, a 31BTOp yi~~i CT3~Ti ~HO·B y fiapHm, ~Bi,n;KiJIH ITOBe·puy JIJIICJI n~Hi'M mTOM 1931 p., npm1i;3nm ;3 co6010 yiJiy BHCTaBKy

45

,IIapJebK'oi rpynH". 3apa,3 me BHHH1KJIH p~u[ Tep·TH " M . JI . ;i o:,rra;pmKa'HaMH • HCTJ!l y biBO'Bl BBalil\aJI'H, Y!O BHI-

c·TaBKY TPe6a yJia,mrysaTH ue rri~ racJioM ,.,IIap·~LKoi rpynH'"", a Ti'JI'hKH - yKtp·ai'H'Cb'Ko-ro MHJC·Tegnra.; K·oBiKYJI

nepeKO'H'YBarB, 1!!'0 TaKoro AH,a:'p'it;·HKa 'tJH rplliq!eH'Ka 'I"peoa 1B HaiC IIQRa,33'TH Ca'MC Ha y It ·p 13 I H C b 'K 0 My, a: H.e

l~JpaH'!!y;ibROMy, 'tJUJ TaM DaipH1,3bKOMy, TJii. 3 THM i rroro"" )JJif.lfaCH oiJiblllli•CTb ,,napWKaH"" i ,3rO,l:\'HJI3'CH ni,a:TpHMaTH

HOBY MIIJCTe.J!b'KY OlpTaHl;iaiJ.!IIO; .I{pyra 'la•C'THHla., MeJHma, BBarmaJia J!e ,3aMaxoM Ha ce6e. AJie :wo ocTaTO'qHO rrpH­t;,a:HaJIHCJI ,l:\0 Ha'C H3tHCH·~1JbHi~mi Dr,l:\HBi',l:\faJIL·HOCTH ~ Ha-

"" . . . . illHX ,narp1IDKaH , cegecrH K1JibK01X MHCT!!lB He rpaJia ·POJil YEO,IJ.O M3lHO'YTHboro OOJI'H'li"'H oo't;,IJ;·Halli"HH.

B;ia.ra·Jii 1\o'BiKYH oy.u rrpoTHJ nep·eyiHIOBaHHH ,IIa­Jl{Hl,3bKOI !1pynu"', HK giJio'cri, oyu TiJILKH ·,3a oRpeMHMH o~HHHYH"MH ~ Hei. B O,IJ;IHOM'Y JIHcri (;i 3. VIII. 1931), n·HcaH·O:M'Y B qaci nii)J.rOTO:BH ,a:o II. BHcTa'BKH, IliHC'3B BiiH . . . . . npo Te, ·mo JrOO.IJ;HHO'Kl MHCTJ!l ;i-i,33 K01p.IJ;OHY, H'Kl !!l!K8.Ba. IB'3MH He OyJIH 0, ~,He ;,3aBamaTL Ha pyxoBi HamH'X MH·

CTeJ!b'KHX crrpaB y,3a1ra•Jii". 3ra.,IJ;a1BWH pi~Hi MHCTe'gLKi rpynK, rmcaB B'tH:

,A 'IO'MY TalK t;? ToMy, mo Ti rpyii'H ue MaiOTb RCHO o~:uaqeHOI ,li;OpOrH i HCHHX MH,CTe'J!bKHX i)J.e.aJii•s. ~JIH lfHTX

"" .. ill"' MHCTegTBO ge: ,IJ;JIH O,IJ;HHX ,mTyKa ;3 BCJIHKOI , , a ,IJ;JIH . .... "" . . . ,ll.pyrHIX Blpa y BJiarCHHH ,TaJI3HT 1 BJI3CHY TCHl'HIJibHICTb . '" . Ta ,MOT)1THlJCTb BJiaCHOrO ·Ma,31\a B Kp3·Y!i11M B•HIII3~Xy, .

B ri·p·mi'M - M3JI'llYJ1·3HHiH IBeJIHKHX CY'I3•CH'HlX M3'HC'T}liiB •••

3pemTOIO - ll31pH1,3bK3 ·rpyna ,IJ;Y'f'e CO!pOK3T3 B ·MBCTe!Jb· I\HX myKa.HH~Hx. XH6a ii 6-paTH ,TepHTo'piHJI'b'Ho"? •• Ha Y.Kpai·Iri (Cxi,n;HiH:) Ta·Koi Harui HeMat;. Ta'M t; !! e 1H T p H i BeJIH!Ki yrpynysaiHHK. T·oMy BIOHH 'CHIJI1bui i gixaBi. TaKe yrpyrryBaHHH XO''IeMO i MH' CTBOtpHTH ;i AHYM. r,pyny H31HCHJibHimmc. i H3HKYJILTypHimHX yxpaiH(',LKim{ MH1CTgiB

3axo,a:y - 00 B·OHH t;! e ~eCb DyTOiBifll, f; cepHO~Ha My~n:Ko'Ba, t; AHApit;HK1o - ,IJ;JIH HH'X o,n;HH,x BapTo ,3aJio-

46

1\, L . I ; 1 I I! I I ;:,! .

:BCH!mf opra·Hi·~ayiro! Xoq, MOOKe, BOHH DYAYTh i n,poTH uei - npmrycTi•M; To-To ·oyna· o m-Ko~a·! •• TiJibKH opra­Hi;.ioB81Ho ;iM·omeM ~pooHTH uawe {HamHX q]JeuifB) MH­cTeg'llBO aKTHBHH'M i BlllJIHIBOBHM. I TaK oy,II.e. OTiK·e, MeHWe eueprii H3 TepHTOpiHJI1bHrmH petiOH'3-Jil'~1M, a oiJibWe na ~araJILHe, wupwe, rJiuowe, JfC'Hi,me, coJii,zxue! He cyM­uinarocH, . mo Bu: '~Y~Te B !!HX CJI-OB3X Te, mo H xo:qy i ,1J;}'M310, i ge Tpeoa Bi.IJ;qyTH BClM HaM. A ge neBHO oy)le, 00 K01KHOMY m HCHO i ~·PO~YMiJio, npo m·o H,IJ;e.

,A ii.IJ;e Ha;M n·po ue.YJHKi i rJiu·ooKi peqi. H·e Micye . . TyT, B JIHCTl, npo HHX DHIC8TH, O)l;'Haqe BHCTa"tlaTb MeH'l

api'yMe'H:TH, mo: 1. poooTa Bcix M'HCTgm YxpaiHH MYCmrL )l.ODOBHIOB3THCH JJ:;:~a~MHO i oyrH OJI~b'KoQIO .IJ;yxo·M B·CiJM

HaM; 2. oaraTCTBO Te"tJiH i IllyKaH'b TO,IJ;i 6y,IJ;e MaTIH ~H3• qeHHH, 'lJ:HM BOIHH O'f~YTb HCH-imi, i, qepe~ o:pora-~agiro, ,II.occynuimi i npo·cTiwi, 3. ~uqa:iiHe o6'~.IJ;Im1HHH Ma•if· CrplB.

,,A Y!O)l;O K:pHTHKi•s, - TO oyAeM·O MH - oy.IJ;yTh i Kp'H· 'NfKH. 3p·emTOIO K.p.HTHK M3~ npa'BO ~'B'BHTHCH i B 2131 p., aJie M H My c If M o o y T H T e n e p. MH B eBoiM ,Mu-

.,, If!!. CTe!JTBl DO"'lp13fiHMO CK3~31TH, Y!O HaM T}Jeua, a Y!'(),li;O Jia'BpO'BO•ro (8i'lfKa, TO ooiii)l;eMOCH H 6e~ HbOfO" •..

B Tamil a'TMoccq>epi nocT31Jia Acogiagia. O·cTaToitflly H31~BY i Dp·O~pa•My O<}>OpMHJIH MH O,li;·HO·ro JiiTHbOTO .I(HB B m'AJILIBiBCb~OMY ce;ri 3amKoBi, )l;e KoBmyH Ta OciH:"'yK MarJIJOBanu gep.Ksy. Ue Ko·BlKYH sara)l;a'B i y-MOTHIBYB·aB Ha~BY AHYM. IloCTa·uosJieuo noxna·CTH A·co'!!i.Hyim ua nnomHIHY npoq>eciuuy, cTJrrHyTH )l;o aei ~Jilt3~Ha'IHRX yxpa-.. . . . . . l'HCblafX. MH·CTJ!IfB H:oon~mux Ha.npRMKl'B, a BTl•M TlJih,KU O.,ll;mfH!!~ 6o H'JJ;po MaJI·o O}'TH ·HeseJIHKe, a~ne m ilol'o ~31BA31HHJIM oyno H3,li;3BaTH Ha•rrpHMO!K THM, Y!O ry~pTYBa· JIHCJI uaB·Kooro qu riJIL"KH oni:Bn·pagJOBa·nu ~ nHM. CaMy

A . "" " " Ha~'BY , CO'J!UI!!lB , a He ,~rpyna 'IH ,TO'BapHCTBO , K A . . "' OIBmYH YMOT1tiB'O'BYB3B THM, mo BJiaCHe " COJ!l.H!JlH Ha,n:a~ rpym BeJIHKO•rO 'BCeyKpaiHJCDKOrO M3'WTauy, BHIIIH ..

48

~uxa.; MH'CTeg·TBO HO'BHiM ,u;yxoM., ,u;a.; uoMy HOBi ci>opMH.

Bme oaMi K:pawocri'} n,pe;ieHTOIBaHi Ha ·BH·CTaBRax AHYM, IIO'K~fB3!JIH rrp•O Te., H'KHH IIIHpOKHH Kpyro·BH,ll; M3·JIO Y,K.pa­

IHCbKe MH'CTegTBo •

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y B·CTyni ,u;o 1\3'T3JIOry VI BncTaBKH AHYM., - ruo Hallie

oo·pa~OTBorpqe MHCTe!!TBO nepepOCJIO CBOf; O'TO'qeHH.H, Y!O

B01HO •p10~pOCT3JIOCH BIIIHp i BrJIHO - Y!O Bi,u;oyJia'CH ~H­<J>ep.eHg,i.HlgiH MHc·TeghKHX ·CHJioo• UH!KJI ·HaiiiiHX B'Hc·TaBoH,

a T31KOiK nonepe,II)liX BHCT3'B f )J,YM, cepiH BH,I1.31H·h ~ 00· CHry MHCTe}!TB'8, CT3-'TTi ·B nepio~H'IHiH npeci T3 B~'IHTH, Ha·oqHo noKa~yiOTh ~ o~uo.ro ooKy s·cro C:KJia~Hic·Th npo-.. . gecy po~BHTKY cyqacH·oro yKpaJHCh·Koro 'MIICTegrna B gl-

JioMy, ;i ~pyro-ro - cui~'llaTh npo ilo·ro iKHIBY'JLCTh, rrpo

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cyqacHoi yK:pa·iHCh'KO'i oopa~OTBO'P'liO·i ~)'IMKH. Ha'B'II31\Ho

Ue ·Q~PHat"'a~, mo Cb·O'rO'I31CHe y-Kp.ai-HChKe MH'CTegTBO u~e­p't~HH!MH lliJIHX3•MH., Y!0' THM C31MH'M BOHO t; H.e JiiHJllle

B pyci, aJie 'l~: y npoyeci TBOpeHHH., .WO·O ~ '131COM )l;mTH

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1 CTHJiho

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,I(aJii H.IJ;fTh pH~'KH, ~yme xap·a!KTe"pHcTaqui )I;JIH o~Ha­'lleHHH :MH1CTegh~oro cBiTorJIH~Y Ko!BmyHa:

,MH HeCeMO Ha CO'Oi Be.iiH'tle~flY Bi~nOtBi~a,JihHiCTh: MH ~alBepmy~MO MHCTe!!TB01M yc10 CKJI,S.,IJ.HY oy.n;osy Hamo·i

;KYJibT)'pH, 'MJH ii TBOpH'MO; Haiiia nparg.a, XO'I qyma , 113·

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50

06KJJ8~UHK8. 6 cpap6. 1922.

51

EKcJii6pic B. )].opomeaKa. 1926.

H3·CTyiiHe UOKOJIIJIHH, 6o JIHUie TB·Op'li•CTb M3~ Ta-KHH

BTIJIH!B l JllDII BO·Ha BHO·

CHTh ~·MllHH, Ta JIIHII.Ie TB 0-

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JI Kp CTBi, B 0 6·p a-~OTBO<Jl 'liM

MH•CTeyTBI - ye He c·IO-. . meT, He l!JIIOCTpayLH, He

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pH3tH~eMO ·MiiC'gH B c:BiTOB'OMY M'HCTegTBi, He M3THMeMO

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Te, Y!O KoB?KYJI rrHca:n npo ~,Q>o.p·My i 6a,p'By" noKpH~­sa~ThCH ~oBciM i~ nor JIH~aMH cyqarellilfx HOM)' ~axiel,'HHX

52

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q>opMa.ricTiB. AJie m, KOJIH Ti, nupoCTalO'IH Ha 6a;3.i e'Ko­HoMi.Jquo 6araTHx KYJihTyp, MorJIH co6i ,ll_O~Bo.riHTH ·Ha

a6cTpa1K'THe TpaKTy:BaH·HH MHcTegwa, KoJBiKYH ;i'Mara'a )I.O

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npHlHHHTO K3t;33TH rrpo )I.CI'eHepayiiO !,!hOro T3 IIO)I.~6HHX

Hanpa,~riaB, ~a6yBal()'q'H npo Te, HKY Mony.Me•HTa . .;ribHY 'lJiT­

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Il'eHKa - ge rrepe,IJ.yoiM rrpHH.J!HII Jia~y. KoJIH Ky6i~·Mo1Bi npHIIIICYIOTb 3H3JII~y Ha HeKo·pnCTb 'IYTTH, TO Bee Te .1"1Hlll

53

EKcJiiopicH M. TepJiey&Koi 1 10. Bepouy&Koro.

B m'JI Jia,n;y. KoJIH TBI-p my:Ka~ Jia·,n;y - BiH H810JIIDKa­

~TbCJI ,IJ;O CH!HTe~H, a ~a;ri ~aJIHma~hCJI CJIOBO ~a MHICT· yeM. BJia·cnmo Ky6i~M ~pooHB Hali6:iJibmoo nepeJiiM y HO'B()tq3J0HOMY MHCTeJ!TBi, KOJIH H8B'III'B OYAYIJI3TH oopa~. TalK caiMio MeTo·~a A·pxHIIeHtKa B p~hl6i HaB·~Jia 6y,21;y· BaTH <IJ·o:pMY i nocYHY Jl'a' pi~hloy ~o 'Hlecno,n;iDaHH!X MOiK­JIHBOCTei.

, T'OMY B·Barma,~·Mo Kyoi~M HaimH~Ha·'lflfimoro MH.CTeyL-• - I!! '' Koro no~~ro uamo1 ,n;o-uH •••

AJie, IB i.Hm;iiH CTaTri, B 'JIKW KoBmy:H. ooroiBoproBa!B Blll,IJ;8IHIHIH oepJiiJHC'bKH!M ,Y KpaiHCbKHM CJioBolM" a~bOOM ApXJfllleHXa, BiH BKJDJHB Ta.Kom i cuo~ JreHe Bi,n;IHow:e·HHH

~0 BCi~i 80CTpalKYii: .,,KoJIBl <PopMy A·pxRIIeHKa cxapaxTep~y«;Mo HK <J>op­

MY ~oBciiM a6cTJlalKTHoro CTm1110 · (B po~yMi'H'Hi Mo,n;epHo­eB:poneil·cLKilM, ,i'HTep1Hayio118JI1LHiM"), TO ,IJ;Jift &a·c JICHHM

54

ma'BHIHX IIauepis YKpaiHH, ~ 6JI'HlCKyqHMH po6o·Ta'MH Hap­oyTa.; BOi gi nanepu rrpHBi:~ Ko'BmyH ·~ .ZJ;'opyqetHHH II. XoJIO.ZJ;Horo me B JIIOTiri 1928 p. ~ TapHosa, - ,ZJ;e BOH'H

~'HaXO.ZJ;HJDHJC'H B arpxi!Bi Ti«;i EKcTie.ZJ;Hl!!ii, qacTHHHO Ba\e ~pyihro·sam ,Bo·rKicTIO, - .n:o My~e'IO Ha-yKosoro T-sa ruM. Illes'le'HiKa y JlL'BOBi. CaM KoBiKYH Ha riu BH'CTaBgi BRCTaiBHB 91 rpa<JliK, y Ri.ZJ;.IJ;iJiaX o·pHI'iiHaJihHOi, 10UCKHOi rpa~·tKH Ta eKcJii,6pi,cy. ll,iKa·so TeiR npo.cTemHTII B THX

"'a,cax yqacrL Kosmyua ua B'lfcras·Ka~ ;3aiKO'p,ll,oHHH!X. Y Eepnilri u·a B1fCTasyi, ynamTosaHli·:H 1933 p. Y.xpaiH­CLKHM Ha~yKo'BHM IHcTHcyToM y ,I(epma·sHiu Ei6JLioTeg.i MHcregTsa, BHCTamnm BiH noua.ZJ; 70 11pa$iK; TaHy caMy RiJILKi•CTb .UOKa~aiB Ha rp.iupi'IHiH 'BHCTa'Bgi !B Ilpa~i, yna• mrosau~if ~a"O'.IJ;arMH ,YKpaiucLKoro T-sa IIpHHTeJiilB K·HJmKKH B llp-a~i"; Ha ,BHcTa:Byi YKpaiHCbHOi rpacfJiKH'' B P111Mi, yJiamTo1Jauiif BJiiTKY 1938 p. ~axo,ZI.alM!H npo<f>. P. Jlico·scLKoro ni.ZJ; no·K·posoM ,Confederazione fa­scista dei profesionalisti e degli artisti" - 4 7 peqerif.

0Kp·eMo Tpe6a ~a~uarqwn~ KOB·myHo'By yqa!CTL Ha BH·

cTaiB'Kax eKcJr~6piciB y Jloc-A'H.ZJ;1KeJiec, ,ZJ;e ·Biu i ~opratHi­;3ysam DOCTliHHHH m·opiqHHif yKpaiHCb.KHH Bi,ZJ;.,ZJ;iJI i ,IJ;e i calM, i iHwi yropaiH-cLKi MHlCTgi 6.paJIH nepmi ~Mi?KHa.po.ZJ;Hi uaro·po.ZJ;H Ta si·.ZJ;~Hal'leHIHR. A Bri~ IrH·CaTH rrpo eKcm.Opic y KoB1KYJia - !!e oKpeMa )(iJIHHKa, si:.H me m 6ys nepmHM uoro niompo·M y raJIINIDI'i. B 1930 p. OJI'IICH)'B· KoBiKYH Ha Blf'CTarsyi CJIO·B 'HHC'b'l\011'0 eKCJI.i,6picy., y JialliTO'B.a·Hm rrpH JlLBW'Ch'KOMY IlpoMHCJIOBoMy My~ei, i Ha!BiTL nonL­CL'Ka KP'IfTH'K·a B~HaJia, mo, ~a'B,li;HKH KoBmyHo'Bi, yKpa­iHCbKH'H ~.ZJ;,lJ;iJI, XO'I i He~HCJieH,HHH, ,~acJiyrouy«; ~-

. ..., '' aneJIKYIJHHO Ha nepmy Ha·ropo.ZJ;y ·~a CBOIO ~,HOBO·'la:cuy

'BHcoxy KYJILTYPY i cfJiHe~iro". B 1932 p. ;iax,o,ZJ;a!MH AHYM i ~a pe,IJ;a,Kgi«;IO KosmyHa B'Hiit:mJio O'Jl.He ~ 'H·3MKpam·«x cy~a-CJHHX y~epai!H1Ch'laf!X BH.ZJ;a'Hb - ~6LpHHK ,EJKcJii!opitc" (B.;so ,I~·Ma,pai'.ZJ;", JILBm, 1932), mo rrpHmiC, M. 11., CTaT-

56

EKcni6pic 6i6nioTe­KH Jl. M. Manuyh­KHX. 3 «flap6u.

TIO KosmYHa ,~llpo KH·mKKOBHH ;3Hax" Ta 16 si~oHTOK H3HK·pamHX HOTO eRCJiiopieiB.

mo~o eKcJii.6picis, T31K KosmyH ;3po6HJB ix 031'8TO, o:n;p31J!bOIBYIO''IH M3JI1 WM8TK'H 11arrepy ;3 T3KH'M C3:MHJM ;33· ~·HTrBM, m·o H BeJIKKi rpa<J>i,q}J!j_ peqi. ,l(o H8RKp31J!HIX llo·ro K·H.JmKKOBH!X ';3'HaJKiiB HaJlemHT& eKcJJiopic , T -Ba TIHic&· !MeHHB!Kis i lliypHamcriB liM. 1s. <l>paHKa", ~a H·KHJH Bm o.n;epmaB award of merit Ha Mmmapi>~HW BHcTaByi exCJiiopiciB B Jlo,c-Au~menec, ~aJii e·~cJJi,o·picu Ba'CHJIH My~poro, MHXa'HJJa Py~lfH1!bKo·ro~ Mu:xarina MaT'IaKa, BoJio~HIMupa ,l(opomeHKa, MHTJlonoJIH·Ta AH~pea illen-

57

THJ.!LKoro ( 4 p~ni), MaKCH­Ma My~HKH, MHXJalit:.lfa Ce­MeHlKa, C·BH'TOCJia.Ba fo·p,n;HH­Cb·Koro, Au.,IJ;piH JlacTO:BegL­Koro, BoJI~o,IIJHMHpa HecTo­po·Baqa Ta ilHm'HX oi,6.rio.pi-. . . JllB, BHK·OHlaiJil B CTHJil nepe-8 alii\:H 0 K OrH'CT.p YKTHB11CTH'IHO­My; i ni~~~Himi, IBiKe 6i . .."Ibill

KJIIH·CHllfHi - PoMarHa Ilam­KiiBch'Koro, e'BreHJa Xp·31I1JIH­Boro, JlinH i Mmco~H Ma­JIHJ.!b'KHX., IBaH~a K~pHHa,

IOpKa Bep6·HJ!btKOtro, CTerra~ra faHyweBCbKo·ro, Mapii TepJiegLKoi Ta iH.

BH~aBHJWIHM crrpaBaiM n·p:HoBH'llyBa,B K·oBmyu ·BeJI·H­qe~HY yBary. Ile nepe·,n;ycL'\f n·oro eHepri~ro ,n;epma:BcH MH>CTeJ.!bRHH oprau AHYM - ,MncTegTno", KKoro Ko­meH B11iiiYCK OYB gi.JIHM ~6ipHHKo·M-aJibM8JH8X'0'M, ~ OTJIH· .. . ~OM •cyq&JCHHIX yi<p31·HCbRHX l ~a'KOp,li.OHHHX MHCTe•J!bKHX crrpaB. B mypHaJii caM KoBmyH ,n;a-B HIH!;3HY CT&oTTe'H Ha p~Hi TeMH, ~ HKJilX Ha'HOiJihW B&pTi ytB"811'H ·CTaTTi npo <l>epyqqio <l>epagyi (1), npo Mapi10 .I(·OJI'h'HHYb'KY (II), II'po 0.;1e~cy fpHfY!eHKa i BHCTatBKY yKpaiHC.b'l\oro ni,n;­co'B~TCLKoro MHCTegTBa y Ba~pma1Bi 1933 (IV), rrpo OJI. ApxHIIeHKa (1, 1935), Ta pegeH~ii Ha p~·Hi BH·,n;aHHH B Kom·Ho·My ·~ 'tfHCeJI. Ilo6iq mypHaJiy Tp·eoa ~r.a,n;a·TH II HH'~'KY MO!JIIorpa.pirif, ,n;·o HKHX Tem i 'B'iH c·a'M IIHCaB TCK.CTH - ~ra•,IJ;8TH 6 O,li.Hy ~ H8HKpa'Y.J-HX - rrp·O 0. fpH· meHKa, ,li.C KoB'iKYH po~TJIH,II;-8~ Horo 'Ma1JI'HpCTBO He Jimne ua yKpaiHChRO'MY, a il Ha aaHwHJpwoMy CB·iToBoMy o6pa­~oTB·o·p·qoMy TJI~ ,IJ;a.lli rrpo M. fJiyru·eHKa i JI. r ega. Ko­JiefH MHCTJ!H Hepa~ ·Ha.Bi.Tb ,n;·o;piKaJIH HOMy, mo BiH ;33-oaraTO npagi BKJ13,ll.3~ y IB'H~aB·HHqi cnpaBffi, Y!O ~Bi,ZJ;OH· Ba~TboCH 6e;3TI01Cepe,II;H'b0 Hla HOrO 111pa1gi TBo·pqii{., ,II;JIH HK'Oi

58

He cTaBaJI'O iloMy i1HJKOJIH 'l!acy. UuM i MOmHa no·HCHH'NI

«jlaJKT, Y!•O Ha ,IJ;eJI·KHX B'HCT8BK3X mH yqacTH Ta~K i He

opaB, 00 He XOTMJ BH'CTaBJIHTH IIO'TOq]IHX po6iT, BHJKOHy­

B3HHIX Ha CIImHe ;331MOIBJieHHH. ~0 TOTO m KoB·iKYH m­KO~H He ataJiyBa'B i B'JI3'C·HHX rp~omeH ~JI·H BH,II;.3BH.H'tJHX

cnpalB, T81K, Y!O 'DOHBa JIKOiCb 'KH'H·iKKH oysa·Jia ~BHl'll3iHHO . . . ;3aJieiK113' fBl,II; TO·ro, KOJI:H B'lH ;331KIHqHTb H'KYCb BenHKY

rrpagro, ~·slflqaihfo gepKos·ay.

B xomHoMy pa;3i B ,z:r;iJIHHJgi nponar'aH.ll)l MHCTeyrna.,

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TBOp'l~CTL, 00, B;3-3raJii, pOOHTH Y!OCb TiJILK'H HanO..o"'OBHliY

BiH He BMi'B. To·MY TeiK '11leoa rroro,z:r;HTHCH ~ c;J:o»&Y~H noR. MHKoJLH fo'JIYOJ.!H, ruo, ;33-p~ no KoB)KYHOtB~H CMepTi, lllHC8!B npo Te, mo IIOIB'H8 ;3·oipKa Ko!Bmy:HOBHX JIHCTrn

y MHCTeybxHX e:n.paraax, ·JIK Tem Jro·MnJieTHe ne·peB1fAaHH.H

H:oro MHCTey~>Klfl' cTaTTeil, ye cnpaBa He MeHm na~'Ha .. .. . . ,IJ;JIJI yKpai,HCLKot KYJihTyp·u, RK 1 IBK'IepnHa IJrBeHTaJJir~a-

yi.H HOrO O'OHriB y ~iJIHHJ!i y.KpaiHCbKOi rpa{jliRH. MHcTgi. TOro qacy, mo a:KTH'BHO crnBnpayro'Ba~TJH

B TB01peHHi HO:Boro yKpai'HCbROrO MHCTeJJTBa, l-10£11H Ha

Micgi nepeKo:H8'THCH npo OBO·'Ii. CBOt;i rrpargi, i rerCM'OHlH

B MHCTeyrei TOToqa.caoro JlbBOBa npHnaJia HeABosnaqno MHCTJ.!HM yKpaiHCb'KHIM; !Ba'pTO neperJI1fHYTH XO'"'I 01~ TOTO ..

qacHy napma!B'CbRY npecy, JrKiil BPHA-JJ·ro,I\If TI·O'TIHAa)I~i B pyKH BH~aHHH AHYM; c·Ki.J'lbKH noun SIII\JIIrnyB:a]iH

IIO,IJ;'HBy, ~JIOIOH, H311131CTeif, iHC~ncyagiril!

fiJiaKaT. 1934.

v. K;oJIH nopimrnu rpacJ>i"'Hi npagi KoBa'\yua a. ocratH­

Hix JiiT HOro 1m0p'qOCTH, cno·CTepeiKeMO BCIO l'8JpMOHm­

mCTb H:oro M'HIC'Tey&'KOI'O P'~'H'TKY. EKCIJJpeci-OIH!ierlf.1'lHHH uecnoKili, ·~ "tJa-cy Ho()·ro l'pa~<f>ilK .u;o TBo<piB <l»pauKa-~ noqu­ua~ •TIOIBO'Jii mt11Te;3yB'8THCH Ha oa~i KOHCTPYKTHB'RB!X CTH­

JiiB, a gL, BmiCllJlt B KoiB'mYHot~e MH'CT·egmo JUl~~ :tmseiu .71'ori'llHO no·qaJlll nomepTaTH· uoro )1;0 KJIH1CH"'HO'CTH. Ue­HS!'Ie ;3BmuH ~01\3~ TOTO, H'SC·KiJibKH CTHJI'h ~ BHJIBOM

ycboro CB.i'TOl'Jnl,li;J MHCTgH. Y TBopa.x M'~T!!B M01lcyTb

uepexpeJJ!Y'B:antlCH HaBiTb ene-M·eH'TH p~llHX~ qa·cTo· cy­ne·peq'HH'X. 'Mi'1K C010010 HanpHIMKW, ane lK CTH.1IbO.B·e no­qyT'M M.lflC'TU&., @0 ix of)'~~Hy~, ~ BHC)IOBOM JIKO•rO'Cb rJIHil·

WO·ro Jl'.a.,zcy.., -MHCTJ!eBOTO, )I;'OIBe~eH•O[Q BlKe lf.() H·CHQ·C·TH,

60

norna,ZJ;y ua CBiT. ~e:H ~opoT ,ZJ;O npocTimoro, nosWworo BHCJIOBy, ,ZJ;O cyBopimoro ni,ZJ;XO,ZJ;Y ,li;O lJ>·O'pMH, ,li;O CTHoCJIO· CTH HaillK'O•He'lfHim•oro B Hili, x•apaKTepH~Y~ KoB·myu·o·Bi npa.yi ,ZJ;ecL Bi,ZJ; 1934--5 ·p. TyT Momua 6 ~ra,,ZJ;a.TH TaiKi rpalJ>i'liHi 111payi, H'K ocpopMn·eHHH ,AT;racy YKpaiHH'', rpa<IJiKa ,ZJ;O ,B·ceOBiTHbOl iCTop.ii", ,ZJ;O ~0i1pKH 'pHM·Cb-KHX noe~iH: C. fo:p,ZJ;HHChKoro ,CnoBa ua uaiMeHax" (no~,ZJ;H3lH­HH eneMeHTi'B ua,ZJ;peani·~MY ~ aHTW'IHOIO p~·~booro A.rron­.no-Ha), ,ZJ;o KHHiKKH lOp. K·poxManroKa ,Boi XMeJibHJq!b-

"' . . . . . KOrO , ,ZJ;3JI'l ,ZJ;eHKl ~T3,ZJ;3Hl BiKe KHH1iKKO'Brl ~H3•KH T3 lH. CTHJibOtBi myK~H·HH M·omua npocni,li;HTH Ha:BiTb xoq ou ua RoonKyHO'BHX Wp1Hc)lTax, ,ZJ;e Bi'H y~a:rani oyB Hene-pm~ep­llleHHJM M3JHCTJ>OM. Bi,LJ; ·HeonoKmHHX eKcrrpecioni·cTHiqH·o­oapoKK-OIB•HX ,ZJ;O <IJy-HKJ!iOH3JibHO CTporHX JiiTep - MO· meMo cTeiKHTH ·~a myKaHHHMH a po'~BHTKOM M.HCTJ!H. MoiKHa CK3J~3'TH, mo KoBiKY·H Ha CBO~MY MHCTeybK·OMY WJIHXY ,li;OCHr CtBOrO ~a'BepmeHH.H, nepeumoBmH TBO·p'IO YBetCb B•eJie-TeHCbKlflH •WJIHX, mo no~Haqym~atB >Cyqa·cue HOMY MHCT-eJ!TBO - B1l,II_ ,IJ;•ecTpyKTH'BHIHX CTHJrllB <IJyTyp~My

il eKcnpeC(}OHI!~'MY - ,ZJ;o CTHJIIO KJIH'CH'IH·oro, n·pHTaMaH­uoro ·oBiToTJIH,zJ,·oBi, neBHo·ro cuo~i c.HJIH· :H: pmnoBarH. I cKpi·~b MHCTegL ~Y'Mi'B ,ZJ;HBHTHCH Ha Bee i crrp·lriiiMaTH BCe 'TBOip'IO, iKHTT~pa,ZJ;iCHO, ~ eHTy~iH'~M·01M JIIO,li;IHH'H, Y!O -- . ll )f(!H'TT~BOIO CTHXl~IO ~ MHCTeJ!TBO.

B p. 1938., yme xu:opHJa ua ~a,-Hmny W.i'IYHKOBY n·e­~yry, HKa c·HJI'b·uo nepemKo,ZJ;mana HOMY uaxHJIHTH'CH upH rpa<IJi"'HHX po·oo··rax, - ue Kamy'IH B·me npo nonixp'OMii, II'P'H H'KHX Tpe6a oy .]10 B'Hna~HTH ua 'PIJIIIII'TOIB3'H'HH - KoB­~YH BHim,ZJ;ma~ ua ~eHKH1H qa1c ,ZJ;·o Bepni11a. Tyr B YKpa· iuchKo:My Ha.y.KoBoMy luc·THTyri siR ,n;a~ H~KY BH'KJia,n;iu .. . ' np·o YKIP8JIHCL'Ke MH•CTegrno, - O,ZJ;HH ~ ·HHX 1 ~ HBHBCH ~ax-o.,n;a·MH IHCTHTYTY .np·yKoM y u.iiMeJ!LK~ M·OIBi Ta 'I'BO· P'H'Tb yiKa'By crrpooy KJIH'OH<}>iKa·gii uo-s·oro yKpa-in:cLKoTo MHCTegTua. 3 nouo-po·ToM, KOIBm)'iH ,ZJ;a;ri ~axo,l(HThCH Kono

M "" npnroTyBaHHH H!O'Boro BHIIYCK'Y , HcTeJ!TBa , roTy~ .IJ.O

61

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Ukrainian art third number Svyatoslav Hordynsky "Pavlo Kovzhun" Ukrainian publishing Krakow - Lviv, 1943 Typography Ukrainian Academy of Sciences Lviv, 11 Postgasse