bhasma nano
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TRANSCRIPT
BHASMA – AN ANCIENT INDIAN NANO MEDICINE
By,Dr. Bhagyalakshmi. B. R
Final year PG Scholar
Under the guidance of,
Dr. Shobha. G. Hiremath,Professor & HOD
Dept Of PG Studies in Rasa ShastraGovt. Ayurvedic Medical College,
Bangalore-09
INTRODUCTION
Concept of reduction in particle size Charaka
Samhita(1500 B.C) Louhadi rasayana.
Concept of Bhasma preparation 7th
century.
Bhasmas the unique Ayurvedic metallic/mineral
preparations metals or minerals are treated with
herbal juices or decoctions make them into pellets exposed to certain quantum of heat as per Puta.
Bhasmas the most ancient application of Nano
medicine.2
BHASMA
Shodhana
Bhavana
Marana
Influence of Shodhana on Bhasma preparation:
Shodhana procedures: help either in the disintegration of molecules or particles to divide into finest divisions
To expose their maximum surface area for further chemical or physical reaction
To help these in making organo metallic compounds make them more acceptable by the body tissues and organs.
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Nirvapa
Heating
Linear expansion
Immediate cooling
Decrease in tension & increase in compression force
Repetition of heating & cooling
Disruption in compression tension equilibrium
Increased brittleness, reduction in hardness & particle size4
Bhavana Wet grinding shodhita metals/minerals with specific liquid media for specific period convert them into more finer form.
Helps in conversion of coarse powder to finer state.
Impregnation of properties of media to the material which lead to unique and suitable physicochemical changes.
Facilitate further processing Marana.
INFLUENCE OF BHAVANA (WET LEVIGATION) ON BHASMA
PREPARATION
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JARANA
Jarana is the intermediate procedure for the metals having low melting point, between Shodhana and Marana.
Metals are melted mixed with particular plant drug powders are rubbed by iron ladle until metals become complete powder form.
Oxidation of metals occurs during heating at open air , which increases the melting point of the metal.
Facilitates reduction of particle size.6
CONCEPT OF MARANA
The process which converts purified metals and minerals into Bhasma after subjecting them to levigation and incineration is called Marana
Role of Marana
Marana responsible for feasible changes converts these industrial materials
magnificent medicine.
Increase in no of puta Decease in size of particle
Conjugation of trace elements
Elimination of impurities.
Formation of desirable compounds which are biologically favorable to the body. 7
Ashodita Shodhita Powder of Metal Bhavana
Chakrika
s
Sharava samputa Puta Bhasma
STAGES OF BHASMA PREPARATION
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CHARACTERISTICS OF BHASMA
Physical -
Varitara, Rekhapoorna, Unama, Slakshnatwa, Sookshmatwa, Anjana sannibha, Varna, Nishchandra
Chemical
–
Apunarbhava , Niruttha
Credentials of BhasmaRasayanaYogavahiAlpa matraShighra vyaptiAgni deepana 9
NANO MEDICINE (0.1-100NM)
Monitoring, repairing, construction and control of human biological systems at the cellular level by using material and structures engineered at the atomic or molecular level.
Importance
Target specificity
Encapsulation efficiency
Carry high concentration drug
Efficient drug release
Ability to cross blood brain barrier
Reduction in peripheral side effects of drugs by decreasing over all dose of drugs 10
SYNTHESIS OF NANO PARTICLES
PHYSICAL METHODS
CHEMICAL METHODS
BIOLOGICAL METHODS
Detection of Nano particles in Bhasma
Environmental Electron Microscopy
Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)
Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM)
Cryo TEM
Fast Freeze Fracture
Confocal Laser Scanning
Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis(EDAX)
AAS
X-Ray induced Photo Electron Spectroscopy(XPS)11
BHASMA AS NANO PARTICLE
Swarna bhasma –
Through TEM, SEM-EDS, AFM – 56-57nm
The Swarna bhasma was analyzed qualitatively through XRD,FTIR (Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy) results showed that the final product is almost pure Au in zero valency state.
Yashada Bhasma
–
Oxygen deficient state and are in nano meter in size.
Naga Bhasma, it was found that drug contains lead in nano crystalline (60nm), lead sulphide form with organic contents. It was found to be safe in histo pathological study on rats at dose of 6mg/100g/day.
Vanga bhasma –
Particle study in our department. 12
DISCUSSION
Preparation
Shodhana, Jarana, Bhavana, Marana, which includes grinding, milling, heating.
Characteristics
Sookshmatwa, Slakshnatva, Anjana sannibha, varitara.
Properties
Yoga vahi, Rasayana, Shighravyapti, Agni deepana, Alpa matra
Physical(vapor deposition, solid state process –
grinding
milling), Chemical, Biological.
Particle size 0.1-
100nm
Targeted drug delivery, efficient drug release, ability to cross blood brain barrier, minimal dose.
BHASMA NANO MEDICINE
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CONCLUSION
Bhasma preparations and Bhasmas are the best example of Nano technology & Nano medicine practiced during the ancient period.
Shata puta, Sahasra puta Bhasmas are the indirect reference for the concept of conversion of drug to Nano medicine.
Ancient knowledge of Bhasmeekarana may cover the currrent scientific validation of Nano Technology.
Bhasma -
Safe, Quick, Effective Remedial Measure.
More researches are essential in this direction to establish ancient Nano Technology = BHASMA 14
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REFERENCES
Journal of Scientific & Industrial ResearchSARKAR & CHAUDHARY:: APPLICATION OF NANOMEDICINE
Journel
of scientific and industrial research vol.69, december
2010,pp901-905
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