bg th cncb tra caphe cacao 28 - chin up! :) -...

1

MC LC

MC LC ................................................................................................................... 1

DANH MC HNH ..................................................................................................... 3

DANH MC BNG ................................................................................................... 4

GII THIU HC PHN ........................................................................................... 5

Bi 1. Sn xut ch xanh ........................................................................................... 7

1.1. Gii thiu ............................................................................................................ 7

1.2. Nguyn liu, ha cht, dng c, thit b ............................................................... 7

1.3. Thc hnh ........................................................................................................... 8

1.4. Yu cu vit bo co ......................................................................................... 10

1.5. Tiu ch nh gi ............................................................................................... 11

1.6. Cu hi .............................................................................................................. 11

Bi 2. Sn xut ch hng ....................................................................................... 11

2.1. Gii thiu .......................................................................................................... 12

2.2. Nguyn liu, ha cht, dng c, thit b ............................................................. 12

2.3. Thc hnh ......................................................................................................... 14

2.4. Yu cu vit bo co ......................................................................................... 16

2.5. Tiu ch nh gi ............................................................................................... 16

2.6. Cu hi .............................................................................................................. 16

Bi 3. Kim tra cht lng c ph nguyn liu ...................................................... 17

3.1. Gii thiu .......................................................................................................... 17


3.3. Thc hnh ......................................................................................................... 18

3.4. Yu cu vit bo co ......................................................................................... 21

3.5. Tiu ch nh gi ............................................................................................... 21

3.6. Cu hi .............................................................................................................. 21

Bi 4. Ch bin c ph nhn rang ........................................................................... 22

4.1. Gii thiu .......................................................................................................... 22


4.3. Thc hnh ......................................................................................................... 23

4.4. Yu cu vit bo co ......................................................................................... 25

4.5. Tiu ch nh gi ............................................................................................... 26

4.6. Cu hi .............................................................................................................. 26

Bi 5. Sn xut c ph bt ....................................................................................... 27

5.1. Gii thiu .......................................................................................................... 27


+

2

5.3. Thc hnh ......................................................................................................... 28

5.4. Yu cu vit bo co ......................................................................................... 30

5.5. Tiu ch nh gi ............................................................................................... 30

5.6. Cu hi .............................................................................................................. 31

Bi 6. Sn xut s c la ............................................................................................ 32

6.1. Gii thiu .......................................................................................................... 32


6.3. Thc hnh ......................................................................................................... 34

6.4. Yu cu vit bo co ......................................................................................... 36

6.5. Tiu ch nh gi ............................................................................................... 36

6.6. Cu hi .............................................................................................................. 37

PH LC .................................................................................................................. 41

TI LIU THAM KHO ......................................................................................... 40

)

3

DANH MC HNH

Hnh 1. Ch xanh kh ................................................................................................. 7 Hnh 2. Ly nc ch xanh ........................................................................................... 7

Hnh 3. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ch xanh ................................................ 10

Hnh 4. p ch trong hoa sen .................................................................................. 12

Hnh 5. Ch hng sen .............................................................................................. 12

Hnh 6. Nm loi tho mc thng dng p ch ................................................. 15

Hnh 7. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ch hng ............................................. 16

Hnh 8. Nhn c ph ch v nhn c ph vi.............................................................. 20

Hnh 9. C ph nhn rang .......................................................................................... 26

Hnh 10. C ph bt ................................................................................................... 26

Hnh 11. S quy trnh cng ngh ch bin c ph rang ......................................... 28

Hnh 12. C ph bt ................................................................................................... 30

Hnh 13. Ly c ph ..................................................................................................... 30

Hnh 14. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut c ph bt ............................................ 31

Hnh 15. Qu v ht ca cao ln men .......................................................................... 34

Hnh 16. S c la en dng thanh .............................................................................. 34

Hnh 17. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut s c la ................................................ 36

)

4

DANH MC BNG

Bng 1. Phn b chng trnh thc hnh ..................................................................... 5

Bng 2. Tiu ch nh gi chung .................................................................................. 6

Bng 3. Ha cht, dng c, thit b s dng cho bi thc hnh 1 ................................. 7

Bng 4: Tiu ch nh gi bi thc hnh 1 ................................................................ 11

Bng 5. Ho cht, dng c, thit b s dng cho bi thc hnh 2 ............................... 12

Bng 6. Tiu ch nh gi bi thc hnh 2 ................................................................. 16


Bng 8. Tiu ch nh gi bi thc hnh 3 ................................................................. 21


Bng 10. Tiu ch nh gi bi thc hnh 4 ............................................................... 26

Bng 11. Ho cht, dng c, thit b s dng cho bi thc hnh 5 ............................. 32


Bng 13. Ho cht, dng c, thit b s dng cho bi thc hnh 6 ............................. 30


Bng 15. D tr tng ha cht, dng c, thit b ........................................................ 41

)

5

GII THIU HC PHN

1. Mc tiu

Sau khi hc xong hc phn ny, sinh vin c kh nng:

- Trnh by cc kin thc v tnh cht v yu cu k thut i vi cc nguyn liu s

dng trong cng ngh ch bin ch, c ph, ca cao.

- Sn xut v kim sot cht lng mt s sn phm ch, c ph, ca cao quy m

phng th nghim.

- Phn tch cc thng s k thut, cc yu t nh hng n cht lng sn phm ch,

c ph, ca cao.

2. Yu cu

- D lp 100%

- c bi trc khi n lp

- Chun b y nguyn vt liu, dng c, ha cht cho mi bi thc hnh

- Nghim tc chp hnh ni quy PTN

- Vit bo co sau mi bi thc hnh theo ni dung ging vin yu cu

3. Phn b chng trnh thc hnh

Bng 1. Phn b chng trnh thc hnh

STT Tn bi S tit Ghi ch

1 Sn xut ch xanh 05

2 Sn xut ch hng 05

3 Kim tra cht lng c ph nguyn liu 05

4 Ch bin c ph nhn rang 05

5 Sn xut c ph bt 05

6 Sn xut s c la 05

Tng 30

4. nh gi hc phn

- D lp: C mt ti phng thc hnh 100% tng s thi gian.

- im nh gi hc phn: im trung bnh cng ca cc bi thc hnh c trong hc

phn

)

6

5. nh gi bi thc hnh

Bng 2. Tiu ch nh gi chung

STT Ni dung nh gi Thang im

1 thc t chc, k lut 1

2 An ton, v sinh 1

3 Thi gian 1

4 Chun b 1

5 Thao tc 2

6 Sn phm 2

7 Bo co 2

Tng im 10

)

7

Bi 1. SN XUT CH XANH

Mc tiu:

Sau khi hc xong bi ny, sinh vin c kh nng:

- Tnh ton nguyn vt liu, ha cht, dng c, thit b dng sn xut sn phm ch

xanh.

- Sn xut v kim sot cht lng sn phm ch xanh quy m phng th nghim.

- Trnh by c mt s yu t nh hng n cht lng sn phm ch xanh.

1.1. Gii thiu

TCVN 3219 79 nh ngha: Ch xanh l sn phm thu c sau khi ch bin

ch ti theo s cng ngh: dit men, sy nh hoc khng sy nh, v ch, lm ti

ch v, sy hoc sao kh v phn loi ch kh.

Hnh 1. Ch xanh kh Hnh 2. Ly nc ch xanh

Bn cht ca ch xanh l mu sc ca cnh ch c mu xanh en, nc pha ch

c mu xanh vng h phch, trong Ch xanh c mi thm t nhin ca ch ti

hoc c mi thm cm, v ch xanh cht m v c hu ngt.

1.2. Nguyn liu, ha cht, dng c, thit b

1.2.1. Nguyn liu: 1 t 3 - 4 sinh vin

- Bp ch ti: 3kg

- Bao b PE (15x20 cm): 05 ci

1.2.2. Ha cht, dng c, thit b

Bng 3. Ha cht, dng c, thit b s dng cho bi thc hnh 1

A. HA CHT

STT Tn ha cht Quy cch /v tnh S lng Ghi ch

)

8

B. DNG C 1 t 3 - 4 sinh vin

STT Tn dng c Quy cch /v tnh S lng Ghi ch

1 Thau nha 40 cm ci 03

2 Mt tre ci 01

3 R nha ci 02

4 Bp ga mini ci 01

5 Cho gang ci 01

6 a tre i 01

7 Ni inox c np 30cm ci 01

8 Cn ng h 2kg ci 02 Dng chung

9 Nhit k 1000C ci 01

10 Chn nha ci 02

C. THIT B 1 nhm ln

STT Tn thit b Quy cch /v tnh S lng Ghi ch

1 My hn bao b ci 02

2 Cn k thut 2-3 s l ci 01

3 My o m ci 01

1.3. Thc hnh

1.3.1. S quy trnh cng ngh

)

9

Dit men

Nguyn liu ti

Phn loi 1

V ch

Lm kh

Sn phm

Phn loi 2

Tp cht

Hnh 3. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ch xanh

1.3.2. Cc bc tin hnh

Bc1: Phn loi, nh gi phm cht bp ch ti nguyn liu

- c c sn phm cht lng cao, cn c nguyn liu tt, nguyn liu phi m

bo cc yu t sau: xanh, ti, khng b i ngt, khng dp nt

- S dng phng php cm quan: Kim tra mc i ngt, dp nt... Kim tra t l

bp ch, l ch non, l ch bnh t

- Tch ring phn tm ch, l ch non, l bnh t xp loi nguyn liu, cn khi

lng v tnh t l theo TCVN 2843 - 79.

Bc 2: Dit men

- S dng cho gang, sao dit men ch nhit 80 - 1000C. Dng nhit k kim

sot nhit sao.

- Cho t ch ti vo cho, dng a tre o lt p khi ch cho n khi hi nc

thot ra bao trm kn khi ch th chuyn sang o ti m thot ra u.

- Xc nh qu trnh sao dit men kt thc: da vo cm quan, khi l ch c mi thm

nh, mm do, dai.

- ch ra mt tre, lm ngui l ch gi mu nc ch ti xanh.

)

10

- Thi gian sao: 4 - 6 pht.

Bc 3: V ch

- Ch sau khi sao a vo lm ngui ri tin hnh v ch ngay trong cho.

- S dng gng tay v ch, p lng bn tay ln khi ch, n nh, xoay ch theo

mt chiu nht nh. Qu trnh v kt thc khi l ch xon cht, u, khi ch ti

khng b vn cc.

Bc 4: Lm kh

- Sau khi ch v t yu cu chuyn sang sao kh ngay trong cho, dng a tre

o trn, khng ch nhit sao ca cho 90 1000C v sao cho n khi m ca

ch cn khong 20 - 25%.

- Dng cm quan kim tra: dng tay bc mt nm ch v nm nh, ch khng dnh

vo nhau na l t.

- S dng sng tch phn ch vn ra khi khi ch.

- Tip tc sao nhit ca cho 80 - 900C cho n kh, qu trnh sao kt thc khi

m ca ch t 3 - 5 %.

- Dng my o kim tra m ca ch sau khi sao.

- Tng thi gian sao 30 - 60 pht, ty vo lng ch trong mi m sao.

- Yu cu ch kh u, khng b vn cc.

Bc 5: Hon thin sn phm

- Lm ngui: Khi ch sau khi lm kh cn h nhit xung bng nhit phng

trnh b vn cc.

- Phn loi: Dng sng phn loi ch xanh thnh 3 nhm sn phm: ch cnh, ch

mnh v ch vn. Cc sn phm ny c cn ring ri tnh t l, sau cng li

tnh hiu sut thu hi.

- Bao gi: 100gr/ gi ch.

- Vo ti PE chun b nhn.

- S dng my hn bao b ghp m gi ch.

1.3.3. Yu cu sn phm

- Ch tiu cm quan: ch xanh thnh phm c mu xanh en, phi kh, thm nh t

nhin c trng ca sn phm.

- V cht lng: Ch khng b chy kht do sao qu la, cnh ch cun cht v tng

i u nhau.

- V hnh thc: Gi ch phi kn, vung vc, m ghp thng, khng b lch. Nhn sn

phm phi ng quy nh.

1.4. Yu cu vit bo co

- Trnh by quy trnh cng ngh ch bin ch xanh.

)

11

- Nu cc thng s k thut ca tng cng on.

- Phn tch cc yu t nh hng n cht lng ch xanh thnh phm.

- nh gi cht lng sn phm.

- Nu kt lun v ngh.

1.5. Tiu ch nh gi

Bng 4: Tiu ch nh gi bi thc hnh 1

STT Tiu ch nh gi im


2 An ton, v sinh 1

3 Thi gian 1

4 Chun b 1

5 Thao tc 2

6 Sn phm

- t v ch tiu cm quan

- t khi lng tnh theo yu cu

- t m theo yu cu

- t cht lng theo yu cu (khng b chy, kht)

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

7 Bo co

- Hnh thc trnh by bo co

- Ni dung bi bo co y yu cu ra

0,5

1,5

TNG 10

1.6. Cu hi

1. Trnh by mc ch, yu cu ca cng on dit men? Cc phng php dit men

trong ch bin ch xanh? u - nhc im tng phng php?

2. Trnh by k thut v ch? Phn tch cc yu t nh hng n cht lng ch

trong qu trnh v?

3. Nu cc cch phn loi ch xanh?

Bi 2. SN XUT CH HNG

Mc tiu:

)

12


- Tnh ton nguyn vt liu, ha cht, dng c, thit b dng sn xut sn phm ch

hng.

- Sn xut v kim sot cht lng sn phm ch hng quy m phng th nghim.

- Trnh by c mt s yu t nh hng n cht lng sn phm ch hng.

2.1. Gii thiu

TCVN 3219 - 79 nh ngha: ch hng l sn phm thu c bng cch sao

hng liu tho mc kh tn nh hoc phun hng t dch hng liu pha ch ph

hp vi c tnh ca tng loi ch.

Hng liu dng p ch c th c ngun gc t nhin nh cc loi tho mc

kh, cc loi hoa ti c hng thm nh hoa li, hoa sen, hoa cc...hay cc loi

hng thm tng hp...

Hnh 4. p ch trong hoa sen Hnh 5. Ch hng sen


2.2.1. Nguyn vt liu: 1 t 3 - 4 sinh vin

- Ch xanh: 800g

- Hng tho mc:

+ i hi : 20g

+ Tiu hi : 20g

+ Qu : 20g

+ Ht mi : 20g

+ Ph c ch : 20g

- Hng tng hp:

+ Hng sen : 20ml

+ Hng li : 20ml

13

Hnh 6. Nm loi tho mc thng dng p ch


Bng 5. Ho cht, dng c, thit b s dng cho bi thc hnh 2

A. HA CHT





2 Mt tre ci 01

3 R nha ci 01

4 Bp ga mini ci 01

5 Cho gang ci 01

6 a tre ci 01


8 Cn ng h 2kg ci 01

9 Mung inox ci 01

10 Ci chy g b 01

11 Ti PE SV t chun b

12 Giy bo SV t chun b

13 Nhit k ru ci 01

14 Chn nha ci 01

C. THIT B 1 t 3 - 4 sinh vin


)

14

1 My hn bao b ci 02

2 Cn k thut ci 01

3 My xay sinh t ci 01

4 My o m bt ci 01

2.3. Thc hnh


Hnh 7. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ch hng


Bc 1: X l hng liu

HTSP

Nguyn liu

Lm sch

Phn loi

Sao

Tm hng

hng

Loi hng

Ch hng

Hng

)

15

- Kim tra cht lng cc loi hng liu kh s dng p ch: m bo khng b

m, mc, khng b mt hng.

- Tt c hng liu kh em sao gin, nghin mn thnh bt, trn u vi nhau, gi l

hng hn hp.

Bc 2: Phn loi nguyn liu ch

- Cc loi ch khc nhau v hnh dng, kch thc c ch sao khc nhau.

- S dng ry phn loi ch thnh 3 loi: ch cnh, ch mnh, ch vn.

Bc 3: Sao ch

- Cho ch vo cho, sao nh 700C, o trn lin tc, khi ch bc khi nh, nng

nhit dn ln, nhn mu cnh ch bc dn, hng thm bay ln mnh, kt thc qu

trnh sao.

- Thi gian sao ch cnh: 15 - 20 pht.

- Thi gian sao ch mnh: 12 - 15 pht.

- Thi gian sao ch vn: 8 - 10 pht.

- Ch tiu cn kim sot: mu sc cnh ch, hng thm khi ch. Kim sot bng

cm quan.

Bc 4: Tm hng

- Ch sau khi sao t hng thm, h nhit xung khong 500C, tip tc o nh

khi ch.

- Tin hnh b sung hng chun b, tip tc sao nh cho n khi c mi thm bay

ln th kt thc qu trnh sao.

- Ch tiu cn kim sot: hng thm khi ch sau khi tm hng. Kim sot bng

cm quan.

Bc 5: hng

- Ch sau khi tm hng, ch ra giy, tin hnh trong iu kin kn.

- Thi gian ch khong 1 tun.


- S dng ry loi b hng ra khi ch.

- nh lng v bao gi theo ng quy cch yu cu:

+ Bao gi: 100gr/ gi ch.

+ Vo ti PE chun b nhn.

+ S dng my hn bao b ghp m gi ch.

2.3.3. Yu cu sn phm

- Gi ch phi kn, m ghp thng, khng b nhn.

- Khi lng gi ch phi ng nh yu cu.

- Ch thnh phm c mi c trng ca hng hn hp, khng c mi l.

)

16

- Nc pha ch phi xanh, trong, c v cht du, hu ngt. B ch vng u, khng

chy xm.


- Trnh by quy trnh cng ngh ch bin ch hng.


- Phn tch cc yu t nh hng n cht lng ch hng thnh phm.


- Nu kt lun v ngh.

2.5. Tiu ch nh gi

Bng 6. Tiu ch nh gi bi thc hnh 2

STT Tiu ch nh gi im


2 An ton, v sinh 1

3 Thi gian 1

4 Chun b 1

5 Thao tc 2

6 Sn phm - t v ch tiu cm quan

- t khi lng tnh theo yu cu - t cht lng theo yu cu (hng thm c trng ca sn phm)

0,5

0,5 1,0

7 Bo co - Hnh thc trnh by bo co


0,5

1,5

TNG 10

2.6. Cu hi

1. V s cng ngh sn xut ch p hng kh? Trnh by k thut sao ch,

phn tch nh hng ca nhit v thi gian sao n cht lng ch hng thnh

phm?

2. Trnh by k thut phi hng ch? Trnh t cho hng vo phi?

)

17

Bi 3. KIM TRA CHT LNG C PH NGUYN LIU

Mc tiu:

Sau khi hc xong bi ny sinh vin c kh nng:

- Phn bit c 2 ging c ph: c ph Arabica (ch) v c ph Robusta (vi)

- Phn tch li c ph nguyn liu

- nh gi c cht lng ca mu c ph c phn tch

3.1. Gii thiu

m bo cht lng c ph bt th c ph nhn sng khi a vo ch bin cn

t c nhng tiu chun nht nh v cm quan v cc ch tiu ha l:

- Kch thc cc ht c ph phi ng u

- Dng ht: ng nht dng ht trn hay dng dt

- Ht c ph phi m bo cht lng: m khong 12 - 15%, mu sc, mi c

trng cho tng loi c ph nhn sng, c ph khng c mc

- Hm lng tp cht trong mu < 0,1%

- T l ht en, v < 1%


3.2.1. Nguyn vt liu: 1 t 3- 4 sinh vin

- Nhn c ph Arabica: 500g

- Nhn c ph Robusta: 500g

Hnh 8. Nhn c ph Arabica (ch) v nhn c ph Robusta (vi)

3.2.2. Ha cht, dng c, thit b: 1 t 3 - 4 sinh vin


A. HA CHT


B. DNG C 1 t 3-4 sinh vin

)

18



2 Kp gp ht ci 03

3 Khay inox ci 03

4 Knh lp ci 01

5 Nam chm ch U ci 01

6 Cn ng h 2kg ci 01

7 Ly nha dng 1 ln SV t chun b

8 Ti PE SV t chun b

C. THIT B 1 nhm ln


1 My hn bao b ci 02

2 Cn k thut 2 -3 s l ci 02

3 My o m ht ci 01

4 My trn mu ci 01

3.3. Thc hnh

3.3.1. Th tc ly mu

- Mu ly kim tra phi i din cho mt l hng ng nht.

- V tr ly mu: Trn, di, gia l hng, l hng ln ly thm cc im giao ng

cho im gia cc cnh.

- Phng php trn v chia mu:

+ Phng php th cng:

Mu c trn u, can mu trn mt bn, dng thc chia mu theo ng

cho, ly mt na nu mun chia nh na c th ly na lng mu chia tng t

nh vy n khi t lng mu phn tch (1kg)

+ Dng thit b chia mu:

Kim tra thit b

Cho mu vo thit b

M kho cho mu chy xung hai khay hng

ng kho thit b, cho mu va chia ln thit b, lp li vic chia mu ( 3

5 ln)

3.3.2. Kim tra c ph nhn

3.3.2.1. nh gi cm quan

)

19

- Mi: Bc mt nm c ph nhn a ln mi ngi mi - ghi nhn xt:

+ Mi bnh thng ca c ph nhn.

+ Mi khng bnh thng: c mi mc, mi l

- Ngoi hnh: Quan st v nhn xt hnh dng a s ca ht c ph trong mu phn

tch:

+ Trn (bi)

+ Dt (oval)

+ D dng

- Mu sc:

+ Can mu ra khay hoc bn kim nghim.

+ Xem xt mu sc tng th ca ht: xanh da tri, xanh xm, lam, lam xm, xm,

trng ng, vng, nu...

3.3.2.2. Xc nh m

- Dng my kim tra m nhanh (KETT hoc GRAINER).

- Thc hin thao tc o m 3 ln v ly tr s trung bnh.

- Ta c s c trn my: Wmu

3.3.2.3. Xc nh khi lng 100 nhn

- m ngu nhin 100 nhn c ph trong mu, xc nh khi lng chnh xc bng

cn phn tch, lp li 3 ln ly gi tr trung bnh

- Kt qu : P100 (gam) = khi lng 3 ln cn / 3 (gam)

3.3.2.4. Xc nh t l ht bi

- Cn chnh xc 300g mu

- Can mu ra mt bn, dng tay chn ht c ph c dng bi ra, cn khi lng ht bi.

- Kt qu: % ht bi = (khi lng ht bi / khi lng mu).100%

3.3.2.5. Phn tch li

- Li: l thut ng trong mua bn c ph, dng ch ht hng, ht khuyt tt, tp

cht (c ngun gc t c ph v khng c ngun gc t c ph) c trong 1 mu c ph

nhn (300g)

- Tin hnh

+ Cn 300g mu

+ Cho tng phn t nh ln mt bn, can mng ra, dng kp gp phn loi ring

cc phn sau:

Khay 1: Loi 0,1 li / 1 nhn t, gm:

Nhn b su c l

Nhn b m

Nhn b v mnh / nhn

)

20

V tru nh < v


Nhn mu m

Nhn xanh non

Nhn trng xp

Nhn rng rut

Nhn b su c 2 l tr ln

Ht v mnh < nhn

Ht v nh

V tru ln > v


Nhn cn v tru

Nhn en 1/2

Nhn kh trn cy

Mnh v trung bnh

Khay 4: Loi 1 li / 1 nhn t, gm:

Nhn en

Nhn b mc

Nhn b ln men

Qu c ph kh

Mnh v qu ln

Mu cnh cy < 1 cm

Cc t di sng 12

Khay 5: Loi 2 li / 1 nhn t, gm:

Mu cnh cy trung bnh

Cc t, trn sng 12

Khay 6: loi 3 li / 1 nhn t, gm:

Mu cnh cy 2 44 cm

t to trn sng 20

Tp cht c khi lng m (g) nu:

m

21

3.3.3. Tnh kt qu

- Tnh tng s li trong 300g mu.

- Hng cht lng c ph xp theo bng phn hng cht lng c ph Vit Nam

TCVN 4193-2001.


- Trnh by nguyn tc ly mu phn tch cht lng c ph nhn.

- Trnh by cc ch tiu phn tch, nh gi cht lng c ph nhn.

- Trnh by cch phn tch li trong kim tra cht lng c ph nhn.

- Kt lun v cht lng ca mu c ph theo TCVN 4193-2001.

3.5. Tiu ch nh gi


STT Tiu ch nh gi im


2 An ton, v sinh 1

3 Thi gian 1

4 Chun b 1

5 Thao tc 1

6 Kt qu thc hnh:

- Phn bit c mu c ph

- Xc nh c m - Xc nh khi lng 100 nhn

- Xc nh t l c ph bi - Tnh c tng li ca mu phn tch

0,5

0,5 0,5

0,5 1,0

7 Bo co

- Hnh thc trnh by bo co - Ni dung bi bo co y yu cu ra

0,5 1,5

TNG 10

3.6. Cu hi

1. Nu cch tnh tng li trong phn tch li c ph nhn?

2. Nu ngha ca vic xc nh t l ht bi, khi lng 100 nhn trong kim tra cht

lng c ph?

3. Phn bit cc ging c ph: Arabica, Robusta?

22

Bi 4. CH BIN C PH NHN RANG

Mc tiu:


- Tnh ton nguyn liu, ho cht, dng c, thit b dng ch bin c ph nhn rang.

- Ch bin v kim sot cht lng sn phm c ph nhn rang quy m phng th

nghim.

- Trnh by c mt s yu t nh hng n cht lng sn phm c ph nhn rang.

4.1. Gii thiu

Qu trnh ch bin c ph bt l to iu kin thun li cho cc bin i trong ht

c ph xy ra ti a hnh thnh nn nhng tnh cht c trng cho sn phm c ph

bt. Di tc dng ca nhit cao trong thi gian thch hp bin i cc thnh

phn ha hc ca c ph nhm to nn nhng cht mi khng c trong nguyn liu

ban u, to nn mu sc, hng thm v v c trng ca c ph rang.

Rang c ph l khu quan trng ca cng ngh ch bin c ph v n quyt nh

n cht lng dch c ph trch ly.

Hnh 9. C ph nhn rang Hnh 10. C ph bt


4.2.1. Nguyn vt liu: 1t 3- 4 sinh vin

- C ph Arabica (c ph ch): 1,2kg

- C ph Robusta (c ph vi): 1,2kg

- Hng c ph Moka: 40ml

- Hng sa bt: 40 gram

- B: 80 gram

- NaCl: 20gram

- Ru trng: 40ml

23

- Mu caramen: 20ml

- Bao tay ch bin thc phm



A. HA CHT





2 Mt tre ci 01

3 Khay inox ci 02

4 Bp ga ci 01



7 Mung inox ci 01

8 Chn nha ci 01

9 H thy tinh SV t chun b

10 Gng tay vi i 01 SV t chun b

11 Gi nhc ni i 01 SV t chun b


C. THIT B 1 nhm ln


1 My hn bao b ci 02

2 Cn k thut ci 01

4.3. Thc hnh


24

Hnh 11. S quy trnh cng ngh ch bin c ph rang


Bc 1: Lm sch, phn loi v nh lng mu c ph nhn sng

- Dng qut v mt tre loi ht tp cht nh trong khi c ph.

- Dng kp gp, loi cc ht c ph b li ra khi khi c ph.

hng

C ph rang

nhn rang

C ph nhn x

Lm sch

Phn loi

nh lng

Rang

Lm ngui

Phi hng Hng liu

Tp cht

25

- Dng cn nh lng c ph cho mi m rang (khong 200gr/m rang).

Bc 2: Rang c ph

- Rang theo 5 cp mu : rang nht, rang trung bnh nht, rang trung bnh, rang m,

rang rt m.

- Nhit c ph rang giai on cui trong khong 2000C < to rang < 270oC.

- Thi gian rang 200g c ph nhn khng qu 20 pht.

- Trong qu trnh rang giai on cui phi thng xuyn th mu: xem mu c ph

ang rang t cha xc nh im kt thc qu trnh rang.

- Ch tiu cn kim sot: Mu sc, mi thm, phng xp ca ht c ph rang. Ch

tiu ny kim sot bng cm quan.

Bc 3: Lm ngui

- C ph sau khi rang c nhit cao, s lm thay i mu c ph rang.

- Dng qut h nhit khi c ph xung khong 500C.

Bc 4: Tm c ph: C th phi trn thm mt s ph gia nhm lm tng cht lng

c ph:

- NaCl 0,01 %

- B 0,2 0,3%

- Hng c ph Moka

- Hng sa bt

- Ru trng hoc ru mi 0,5 1 ml /100g c ph nguyn liu

Bc 5: c ph

- Thi gian hng ti thiu 24 gi.

- Tin hnh hng trong dng c kn.

4.3.3. Yu cu sn phm

- Ht c ph nhn rang phi n, xp, c bng.

- Ht c ph t ng cp mu rang quy nh, khng b rang qu nht cng nh

khng b chy kht.

- Cc ht c ph phi u nhau v cht lng.

4.4. Yu cu bo co

- Trnh by quy trnh cng ngh ch bin c ph nhn rang.


- Phn tch cc yu t nh hng n cht lng c ph rang.


- Nu kt lun v ngh.

26

4.5. Tiu ch nh gi


STT Tiu ch nh gi im


2 An ton, v sinh 1

3 Thi gian 1

4 Chun b 1

5 Thao tc 2

6 Sn phm:

- t cp mu rang yu cu - t phng xp yu cu

- t bng

- t ng u trong ton b mu rang

0,5 0,5

0,5

0,5

7 Bo co


0,5 1,5

TNG 10

4.6. Cu hi

1. Trnh by mc ch, yu cu ca qu trnh rang?

2. Nu cc bin i ca ht c ph trong qu trnh rang?

3. Phn tch nh hng ca thi gian rang v nhit rang n cht lng c ph

nhn rang?

*

27

Bi 5. SN XUT C PH BT

Mc tiu:


- Tnh ton nguyn vt liu, ho cht, dng c, thit b dng sn xut sn phm c

ph bt.

- C kh nng sn xut v kim sot cht lng sn phm c ph bt quy m phng

th nghim.

- Nu ln c mt s yu t nh hng n cht lng sn phm c ph bt.

5.1. Gii thiu

Sn phm c ph bt thng c phi trn t hai hay nhiu loi c ph, t l

phi trn ny ty thuc vo th hiu ngi tiu dng, hay yu cu ca tng n t

hng. Mi c s sn xut c mt cng thc phi trn ring, trong thng t l c

ph Robusta cao nht, l thnh phn chnh, c ph Arabica ch yu h tr hng

thm cho c ph Robusta.

c c sn phm c ph bt th c ph ht sau khi rang phi qua cng on

nghin c ph, nhm lm cho ht c ph rang c kch c nh hn, to iu kin thun

li cho qu trnh trch ly, khai thc trit cc cht ha tan trong ht c ph.

Hnh 12. C ph bt Hnh 13. Ly c ph

28


5.2.2. Nguyn liu: 1 t 3-4 sinh vin

- C ph Arabica v c ph Robusta rang v phi, bui hc trc

- Bao b giy bc: 12 ci

- Bng keo trong

- Bng keo hai mt

- Nhn hiu do sinh vin t thit k



A. HA CHT





2 Mung inox ci 01

3 Cn ng h 2kg ci 02

4 Khay inox ci 03

5 Ry inox 3mm ci 01

6 Ry inox 1mm ci 01

C. THIT B 1 nhm ln


1 My hn bao b ci 02


3 My nghin c ph ci 02


5.3. Thc hnh


29

Hnh 14. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut c ph bt


Bc 1: Phi trn c ph

- Nhm to ra sn phm c ph bt ph hp vi th hiu ngi tiu dng v gim gi

thnh sn phm, ngi ta thng phi trn cc loi c ph vi nhau.

- Ty vo yu cu m phi trn hai loi c ph Arabica v Robusta vi nhau theo cc

t l nht nh.

Bc 2: Nghin c ph

- Nghin c ph nhm lm cho c ph rang c kch thc nh ng u, thun tin

cho pha ch v gip cc cht tan trch ly tt.

- mn ca c ph bt ph thuc dng c v cch pha ch.

- Nghin c ph rang thnh bt mn, 90% bt c ph lt ry c kch thc l 0,8 -

1mm.

- Phn bt nghin khng lt ry kch thc l 1,6mm phi em nghin li.

- C ph sau khi nghin phi kim tra v cht lng: mu sc, mn, mi vc

ph t yu cu cht lng mi em i ng gi.

Bc 3: nh lng

C ph nhn rang

C ph bt

Phi trn

Nghin

nh lng

HTSP

30

- Ty theo yu cu m ng gi c ph thnh cc gi nh c khi lng 100g, 200g,

500g

- nh lng cc gi c ph khi lng 100g.


- Dng bao b giy bc bao gi c ph.

- Hn ming ti bng my hn bao b.

- ng gi ln loi 500g t 5 gi nh.

- Sn phm sau khi bao gi cn c bo qun ni kh ro, thong mt, chng m

tt, trnh nh nng trc tip.

5.3.3. Yu cu ca sn phm

- Bt nghin c ph mn u.

- Gi c ph hnh hp ch nht, vung vc, sc nt, khng b nghing hay b lch.

- Tn, nhn hiu sinh vin t thit k theo ng quy nh.


- Trnh by quy trnh cng ngh ch bin c ph bt.


- Phn tch cc yu t nh hng n cht lng c ph bt.


- Nu kt lun v ngh.

5.5. Tiu ch nh gi


STT Tiu ch nh gi im


2 An ton, v sinh 1

3 Thi gian 1

4 Chun b 1

5 Thao tc 2

6 Sn phm:

- t mn theo yu cu

- t khi lng yu cu

- t yu cu v hnh thc - Nhn hiu thit k ng quy nh

0,5

0,5

0,5 0,5

7 Bo co


0,5 1,5

TNG 10

31

5.6. Cu hi

1. Trnh by mc ch, yu cu ca qu trnh nghin c ph?

2. Trnh by cu to, nguyn l hot ng ca my nghin a?

3. Mc nghin nh hng nh th no n hiu sut trch ly c ph?

32

Bi 6. SN XUT S C LA

Mc tiu:


- Tnh ton nguyn vt liu, ho cht, dng c, thit b dng sn xut sn phm s

c la.

- C kh nng sn xut v kim sot cht lng sn phm s c la quy m phng

th nghim.

- Nu ln c mt s yu t nh hng n cht lng sn phm s c la.

6.1. Gii thiu

Ht ca cao sau khi ln men, lm kh c ch bin thnh bt ca cao v b ca cao

S c la l hn hp gia bt cacao v b cacao trn theo mt t l nht nh,

c cho thm ng, sa, v nhng cht khc vo, cui cng c ng thnh dng

thanh, khi hay vin nh...

Hnh 15. Qu v ht ca cao ln men Hnh 16. S c la en dng thanh

Ngoi ra, s c la cn c th c ch thnh thc ung (c gi l ca-

cao hay s c la nng).


6.2.1. Nguyn liu: 1 t 3 - 4 sinh vin

- Ht ca cao ln men: 800gr

- Lecithin: 80gr

- Vani: 4 ng

- Sa bt: 400gr

- ng: 500gr

33



A. HA CHT





2 Mt tre ci 01

3 Khay inox ci 02

4 Bp ga mini ci 01


6 Cn ng h Lai 2kg ci 01

7 Mung inox ci 01

8 Nhit k ci 01

9 H thy tinh SV t chun b

10 Gng tay vi i 01 SV t chun b

11 Gi nhc ni i 01 SV t chun b

12 Khun nh hnh ci 03 SV t chun b

13 Bao tay PE i 05 SV t chun b


C. THIT B 1 nhm ln


1 My hn bao b ci 02

2 Cn k thut ci 01

3 My nghin cacao ci 01

O

34

6.3. Thc hnh


Hnh 17. S quy trnh cng ngh sn xut s c la

Nghin nhn

Ht ca cao

Lm sch

Phn loi

nh lng

Rang

Lm ngui

Tch nhn

Sn phm

Phi trn

nh hnh

HTSP

Ph gia

`

35


Bc 1: Phn loi, lm sch, nh lng

- Ht ca cao dng ch bin s c la m bo ng theo TCVN 7519 - 2005.

- Phn loi ht theo mu sc, kch thc.

- Cc phn ht c kch thc v cht lng khc nhau c a i rang ring.

Bc 2: Rang

- Khi lng ht ca cao cho mt m rang khong 100g.

- Rang ht nhit khong 130 -1500C.

- Qu trnh rang phi thng xuyn quan st s bin i v mi thm v mu khi

thot ra t ht ca cao.

- Qu trnh rang kt thc khi nghe thy ting n nh (do v cng tch ra), kh thot ra

nhiu v c mi thm mnh.

Bc 3: Lm ngui

- Sau khi rang ht ca cao t yu cu, ht ra sng v lm ngui ngay trn sng.

- Thi gian lm ngui ch khong 1 pht.

Bc 4: Tch nhn

- ht ca cao t sng lm ngui ra khay inox, dng tay bp cho v bong ra khi

nhn.

- Nht ring cc mnh nhn v a i nghin.

Bc 5: Nghin nhn

- C th dng ci nghin, my xay hoc my nghin bi nghin ht ca cao. y

chng ta dng my xay, tin hnh theo tng m, mi m khong 30 -40g.

- Yu cu dch ca cao sau khi nghin phi tht mn.

Bc 6: Phi trn

- Dch ca cao c phi trn vi bt ng, sa bt, vani v lecithin theo mt t l

nht nh. Cng thc phi trn nh sau:

+ Dch ca cao: 45 50%

+ Sa bt:10%

+ Bt ng: 39 44%

+ Vani: 1%

+ Lecithin:0,3%

- Cc cht ph gia c cn trn cn k thut theo lng dch ca cao thu c sau khi

nghin.

- Tin hnh phi trn cc nguyn liu n khi t c trng thi ng u nht nh.

Bc 7: nh hnh

O

36

- Dch ca cao sau khi phi trn vi cc cht ph gia c a i nh hnh trong cc

khun c hnh dng khc nhau.

- Trong qu trnh nh hnh phi to dung cho khun loi b bt kh, cc l trng

lm cho scla c v c b mt nhn mn.

Bc 8: Lm ngui

- Sn phm s c la c a i lm ngui nhanh trong t lnh nhit 4-50C

trong thi gian 40 45 pht hoc c th ngn trong thi gian 15 20 pht.

Bc 9: Bao gi, bo qun

- Sn phm s c la c a i bao gi trong bao b hn hp. Sau , a i bo

qun nhit thp (tt nht l bo qun ngn mt ca t lnh).

6.3.3. Yu cu ca sn phm

Sau khi sn xut c sn phm s c la, tin hnh nh gi cht lng sn phm

thng qua cc ch tiu cm quan v trng thi, mu sc, mi v v.

- Vin s c la c mu nu en, vung vc, hoa vn sc nt.

- Cc tinh th ng trong ming s c la phi tan u, mn, khng c trng thi ln

cn.

- Sn phm c mi thm c trng, khng c mi l.


- Trnh by quy trnh cng ngh ch bin s c la t ht ca cao ln men.


- Phn tch cc yu t nh hng n cht lng bt ca cao, s c la.


- Nu kt lun v ngh.

6.5. Tiu ch nh gi


STT Tiu ch nh gi im


2 An ton, v sinh 1

3 Thi gian 1

4 Chun b 1

5 Thao tc 2

6 Sn phm:

- t yu cu v cht lng ca sn phm s c la

- t yu cu v hnh thc ca mi vin ko - t yu cu v trng thi c trng ca sn phm

- Nhn sn phm thit k p, ng quy nh

0,5

0,5 0,5

0,5

37

7 Bo co - Hnh thc trnh by bo co


0,5

1,5

TNG 10

6.6. Cu hi

1. Trnh by TCVN 7519 2005 v cht lng ca ht ca cao em ch bin s c la.

T , nh gi cht lng nguyn liu ban u?

2. Nu cc thng s k thut trong qu trnh rang ht ca cao? Phn tch nh hng ca

cc yu t ti cht lng cacao thnh phm?

O

38

PH LC

Ph lc 1. Bng d tr tng ha cht, dng c, thit b

Bng 15. D tr tng ha cht, dng c, thit b

A. HA CHT





2 Mt tre ci 01

3 R nha ci 03

4 Bp ga mini ci 01

5 Cho gang ci 01

6 a tre i 01



9 Nhit k ru 1000C ci 01

10 Chn nha ci 03

11 Khay inox ci 03

12 Ci chy g b 01

13 Ry l = 2mm ci 01

14 Ry l = 1mm ci 01

15 Kp gp ci 03

16 Mung inox ci 01

17 Knh lp ci 01

18 Nam chm ch U ci 01

19

20

C. THIT B Nhm ln


1 My hn bao b ci 02


3 My o m ht ci 01

39

4 My o m bt ci 01


6 My nghin c ph ci 02

7 My nghin ca cao ci 01

8 My trn mu ci 01

9 Qut cng nghip ci 02

O

40

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] L Don Din (ch bin), Nng cao cht lng v gi tr xut khu ca iu, ch

v c ph Vit Nam, Nh xut bn Lao ng - X hi, 2003.

[2] on Triu Nhn (ch bin), Cy c ph Vit Nam, Nh xut bn Nng nghip,

2000.

[3] Ngc Qu (ch bin), Cy ch Vit Nam, Nh xut bn Nng nghip, 2000.

[4] Tuyn tp tiu chun nng nghip Vit Nam tp 4 - Tiu chun nng sn, B

NN&PTNT, 2001.

bg th cncb tra caphe cacao 28 - chin up! :) -...

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