beta delayedneutron (belen) detector...
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NUSTAR ANNUAL MEETING - 2013
GSI Darmstadt, Germany
Beta dELayEd Neutron(BELEN) detector status
ROGER CABALLERO-FOLCHUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya
26 de febrer de 2013
(BELEN) detector status
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Detection system
Previous versions used at JYFL and GSI – Design and analysis/results status
Contents
Previous versions New designsDetection system
analysis/results status
New designs and conclusions
1
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Detection system
Previous versions used at JYFL and GSI – Design and analysis/results status
Contents
Previous versions New designsDetection SystemDetection system
analysis/results status
New designs and conclusions
2
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β delayed neutron emission
Previous versions New designsDetection SystemDetection system
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3He counters as detector
� The detection of the neutron is based on an indirect method: the detection
of the products of the reaction of the neutron with 3He counters:
3He + n ���� 3H + 1H + 765 keV
Other reactions:
10B + n → 7Li* + 4He + 2310 keV
7Li* → 7Li + 480 keVnn
Polyethylene
moderator
Previous versions New designsDetection SystemDetection system
Ion beam nProportional3He counter
Silicon
β decay detector
Counter Gas Maximum
length (mm)
Effective
length
(mm)
Maximum
diameter
(mm)
Effective
diameter
(mm)
Gas
pressure
(atm)
Cathode
material
2527
LND inc
3He 686.84 604.8 25.4 24.38 20 / 10 / 8
Stainless
Steel
4
Noise
Neutron signal
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Electronic chain for data acquisition and signal processing
Previous versions New designsDetection SystemDetection system
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Analog system: Trigger
Digital system: Triggerless
Digital Data Acquisition System (DDAS)
J. Agramunt & IFIC team
The electronic chain of the
acquisition system
operates independently
of the other systems of the
experiment and detectors
along the beamline. It only
needs to synchronize the
timestamp.
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Detection system
Previous versions used at JYFL and GSI – Design and analysis/results status
Contents
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
and analysis/results status
New designs and conclusions
6
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Tests and experiments with BELEN detector
GSI:S410 “Measurement of β-delayed neutrons around the 3rd r-process peak” C. Domingo-Pardo et al.PERFORMED, September 2011
GSI: S323 “Beta-decay of
very neutron-rich Rh, Pd,
Ag nuclei including the r-
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
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Neutron number N
Ag nuclei including the r-
process waiting point 128Pd”. F. Montes et al.
PERFORMED,
September 2011
Z=28, N=50;
JYFL (2009, 2010 & 2013)I162 “Delayed neutron measurements for advanced reactor technologies and astrophysics” JL Taín JYFL. Expected 2013B.Gomez-Hornillos et al. NIM in progress (2009 exp)
Z=50, N=82
Background measurements at GSI (2010) and LSC Canfranc (2011) D.Jordan et al. Astr.Phys Vol.42, Feb 2013, p.1–6
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Support structure requirements:
Hold and transport 650 Kg
Allow access to the beam hole
Movable in Z for fine placement
Table + tray movable on “z” on railsMoving tray
BELEN design for JYFL experiments
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
Polyethylene matrix hold together and
can be lifted as a single unit.
Polyethylene: 10 cm thick vertical
slices assembled => 90 x 90 x 80
cm3 ~650 Kg detector
Fixed support
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JYFL experiment 2009 & 2010 - BELEN-20
20 3He counters at 20 atm
1ST ring: 8 counters at 11 & 9.5 cm
2nd ring: 12 counters at 20 & 14.5 cm
Average efficiency: 27% & 35% (5MeV)
Dimensions: 50x50x80 cm3 + shielding (90x90x80 cm3)
Diameter holes: 2.75 cm
Central hole radius: 5.5 cm
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
Central hole radius: 5.5 cm
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S410/S323 experiments at GSI (2011). Design & efficiency.
BELEN-30: 20 3He (20 atm) & 10 3He (10 atm)
Inner ring (10 counters): 29 cm
Outer ring (20 counters): 37 cm
Efficiency (1keV-1MeV) ~40%
Average up to 5MeV ~ 35%
Central hole radius: 11.5 cm (SIMBA)
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
252Cf neutron source detection efficiency (M.Marta):
� MCNPX simulation: (34.5±0.2)%
� Triggerless DACQ (IFIC) in MBS : (35.4±0.8)%
� Analog branch: (25.5±0.9)% (electronics)
Silicon Implantation Beta Absorber (SIMBA)
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Results and ongoing analysis S410 experiment
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
Bi
Po
At
Rn
11R.Caballero-Folch, C.Domingo-Pardo et al.
Hg
Au
Pt
Tl
Pb
Bi
211Hg
215Tl
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Results and ongoing analysis S410 experiment
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
12R.Caballero-Folch, C.Domingo-Pardo et al.
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Results and ongoing analysis:
Previous versions New designsDetection system Previous versions
Count
sPerformance test time correlation between neutron and β-decay for 213Tl
Counts
Time β-neutron (ms)
Time β-neutron (ms)
β
β
ε N
NP
n
n
n
1=
13R.Caballero-Folch, C.Domingo-Pardo et al.
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Detection system
Previous versions used at JYFL and GSI – Design and analysis/results status
Contents
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
analysis/results status
New designs and conclusions
14
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Recent improvements for BELEN design
� The number of 3He counters has been duplicated and their pressure changed
from 20 atm to 8 atm. The cost of this improvement is around 150.000€.
� New MC simulations for future BELEN versions to perform more experiments
at JYFL (IGISOL trap) and the design with AIDA (changes on central hole
radius).
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
radius).
� Planarity (flat efficiency) optimization to different energy ranges up to 2MeV
or 5MeV.
� GEANT4 simulations are being done to compare MC simulations and the
correlation has been checked.
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BELEN versions designed
Name3He
countersPressure
(atm)Experiment
Ratio@
2 MeV
Ratio @
5 MeV
Average efficiency
Central hole radius
(cm)
BELEN-20 20 20 JYFL-2009 1.17 [1.60] 27% 5.5
BELEN-20 20 20 JYFL-2010 1.17 [1.60] 35% 5.5
BELEN-30 20+10 20 & 10 GSI-2011 1.17 [1.70] 35 % 11.5
(SIMBA)
BELEN-48 40+8 8 & 10 JYFL-2013 1.02 1.16 54%-39% 5.5
BELEN-48 40+8 8 & 10 DESPEC 1.04 1.15 45%-34% 8 (AIDA)
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
BELEN-48 40+8 8 & 10 DESPEC 1.04 1.15 45%-34% 8 (AIDA)
Observe: Central hole, num. counters & planarity
16
)efficiencyn min(neutro
)efficiencyn max(neutro=Ratio
max(neutron efficiency)
min(neutron efficiency)
To define the efficiency flatness for a
range of neutron energies
5MeV
2-5MeV
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BELEN design for JYFL 2013
Radius of central hole: 5.5cm.
Neutron energy range 100 keV – 5 MeV
Planarity optimization
Name 3He counters Pressure (atm) Ratio 2MeV Ratio 5MeVAverage
EfficiencyCentral hole radius (cm)
BELEN-48 40+8 8 & 10 1.02 1.16 39% 5.5
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
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12
3
2
1
3
total
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BELEN design for JYFL 2013
Name 3He counters Pressure (atm) Ratio 2MeVAverage
EfficiencyCentral hole radius (cm)
BELEN-48 40+8 8 & 10 1.10 54% 5.5
Radius of central hole: 5.5cm.
Neutron energy range 100 keV – 2 MeV
Efficiency optimization
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
18
3
21
1
2
3
total
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BELEN design for JYFL 2013
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
Radius of central hole: 5.5cm.
Efficiency Vs planarity optimization
1MeV
1MeV
19
1MeV
5MeV
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New BELEN design in progress for AIDA
Name 3He counters Pressure (atm) Ratio 2MeV Ratio 5MeVAverage
EfficiencyCentral hole radius (cm)
BELEN-48 40+8 8 & 10 104 115 34% 8 (AIDA)
Optimized for neutron energy range 100 keV – 5 MeV
Radius of central hole: 8 cm
Planarity optimization
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
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1
3
2
3
2
1
total
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New BELEN design in progress for AIDA
Name 3He counters Pressure (atm) Ratio 2MeVAverage
EfficiencyCentral hole radius (cm)
BELEN-48 40+8 8 & 10 106 45% 8 (AIDA)
Optimized for neutron energy range: 100 keV – 2 MeV
Radius of central hole: 8 cm
Efficiency optimization
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
21
total
1
2
3
1 2
3
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Summary of design parameters
� Define the energy range of the neutrons to optimize the desired flat
efficiency
� Number of counters available � Polyethylene matrix
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
� Radius of central hole � Implantation detector and beamsize
� Knowledge of the estimation neutron background to decide the shielding
� Support structure.
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BRIKEN (BELEN @ RIKEN) meeting
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
� IFIC – UPC – CIEMAT – MSU – Edinburgh – GSI – RIKEN – Tennessee
� Analysis of the facility to perform experiments with BELEN + AIDA at RIKEN
� Discussion of what kind of experiments can be done and regions to explore.
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� Possibility of a campaign of measurements in the near future
� Conclusions:
� Interest of all parts involved
� Possibility to increase BELEN efficiency with RIKEN 3He counters
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Conclusions (I)
� MC simulations indicates that the overall neutron detection efficiency
depends on the 3He pressure and the number of counters (among other
variables).
� The number of counters is more significant than gas pressure.
(Reason of change of the 21 counters at 20atm to 42 at 8atm)
The inner ring gives the maximum efficiency but for lower energies.
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
� The inner ring gives the maximum efficiency but for lower energies.
� The position of the outer ring is determinant to evaluate:
A) the efficiency of the higher energy to optimize
B) the neutron background and the shielding design due to the
thickness of the polyethylene around the crown.
� New experiments will be done with 42 counters at 8 atm (UPC) + 10
counters at 10 atm available (GSI). 24
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Conclusions (II)
� BELEN is a 4π neutron detector designed to study β delayed neutron emission
� Laboratory tests and several successful experiments performed (Barcelona, JYFL,
LSC - Canfranc and GSI).
� The efficiency of the previous configurations has been validated experimentally
with 252Cf sources and some reference isotopes.
Previous versions New designsDetection system New designs
� Flat efficiency is obtained up to neutron energies of 5 MeV
�Average efficiency of 34% for 8 cm central hole (AIDA) for neutron up to 5 MeV
�Average efficiency of 45% for 8 cm central hole (AIDA) for neutron up to 2 MeV
� Neutron efficiency calibration at PTB next June 2013
� Proposal approved at JYFL for this year.
� TDR: Ongoing, expected to include calibrations at PTB improvements presented
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BELEN detector team
UPC (Barcelona) R.Caballero-Folch, F.Calviño, G.Cortès, A.Poch, C.Pretel, A.Riego, A.Torner
Old members: M.B.Gómez-Hornillos, V.Gorlychev
IFIC (València)J.Agramunt, A.Algora, C.Domingo-Pardo, D.Jordan, J.L.Taín
Work supported by the Spanish Ministry of
Economy and Competitivity under contract
FPA 2011-28770-C03-03
GSI (Darmstadt – Germany)I.Dillmann, A.Evdokimov, M.Marta
CIEMAT (Madrid)D.Cano-Ott, T.Martínez, E.Mendoza, A.García-Ríos