best practices writing grades 3-5
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.82• Explicitly and systematically teaching steps
necessary for – Planning– Revising– And/or editing text
• Goal: teach students to use independently
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I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.
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• Can be reordered, combined, modified, and repeated, based on students need.
1.Develop background knowledge2.Discuss it3.Model it4.Memorize it5.Support it6.Independent performance
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Purpose:– Students will successfully understand, learn, and
apply the strategy. •Teachers must identify the prerequisite skills needed •Assess whether students possess these skills.
– If skill deficits are identified, can be address either by reteaching, accommodations, or modifications.
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Purpose:– Ensure that students are motivated and willing to
learn new strategy•How:
– Examine and discuss their current writing performance & perceptions of writing process.
– Foundational to discuss purpose of strategy– Establish goals– At conclusion of this stage, steps for strategy
introduced
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Purpose:– Show exactly how to use strategy
•Most effective when teachers use “think-aloud” & highlight the “why” and “how” of each strategy.•After strategy is modeled, students should have time to discuss benefits & challenges•Establish specific product goals
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Purpose:– Students become familiar enough to the steps in
the strategy that they can use automatically.•Fastest step•Effective when memorization is fun!•For students who struggle to memorize
– Prompts (cards)
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Purpose:– Students gradually assume responsibility for using the
new strategy•Effective when teachers
– scaffold instruction– Cooperative peer groups– Provide frequent constructive feedback– Offer positive reinforcement
•Most students should be independently using strategy after 2-4 collaborative scaffold experiences.
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Purpose:– Ensure students consistently use strategy over time,
in multiple settings, and with variety of tasks.•Generalization and maintenance is achieved by
– Students recognize how strategy improves their writing.
– Identify where else it would be beneficial– How to modify it
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In groups1.Pick the strategy TREE or DARE2.Develop a lesson plan including one or two stages
– Resource: reflect back on 5th grade story or model
3.Be prepared to share lesson with whole group.