PowerPoint Presentation

Best Practices in Designing a Blended Learning CourseDr. David AsirvathamDirector,Centre for Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya

What will be covered? Introduction to UM Reshaping of EducationWhy Blended LearningBlended, MOOC and Flipped Classroom Best Practices#1: Learning Outcomes#2: Which Model#3: Delivery Mode#4 Role of Teacher#5 Class Size#6 ICT Skills#7 Content Development *#8: Assessment #9 Professional Development#10 Student Engagement

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Located in Kuala Lumpur1st in Malaysia3rd in South East Asia29th in Asia146th in the world

Introduction to University of Malaya3

Facts and Figures

12 Faculties2 Academies6 Institutes5 Centres8 Research Clusters

Faculties & AcademiesMedicineScienceEngineeringEconomics & AdministrationBusiness & AccountancyEducationLanguages & LinguisticsLawSportDentistryComputer Science & ITArts & Social SciencesIslamic StudiesMalay Studies

Total no of Students~ 27,000Undergraduates~ 13,000Postgraduates~ 12,000International~ 3,000

Total No of Staff~ 6,000Academic~ 2,500Non-Academic~ 3,500

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Reshaping of Education5

Globalisation of Education

Efforts to develop a Global citizen

Globalisation puts continuous pressure on the educational system to explore and to do better

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Universities in a globalised worldUniversities are expanding to serve beyond their boundaries.

Greater CompetitionCompete for the best students globallyUniversities want to achieve world class statusUniversities want to create top-tier research7

Classrooms to Digital Learning Space

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Yesterday vs Today

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F2F Lecture

11Traditional F2FLectureMOOCE-learningBlendedTraditional vs Blended Learning

Chalk-and-talk has longruled the classrooms will not be eliminated Less emphasisDigital Learninggreater emphasis on MOOCon demand learningnetworked LearningMOOC, e-Learning, Blended and Flipped

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Disruptive Technology13

Definition of Blended Learningintegrate online with traditional face-to-face class activities in a planned, pedagogically valuable manner.14

Blended Learning Some of the possibilities15

Blended Learning Syn. vs Asyn.16

There is a need to re-think how we teach17

1820 years experienced history teacher:

My school is going through the process of adopting the Common Core, and there is a tremendous push to create student-driven classrooms using technology. In short, I am overwhelmed and fear that I am too old, too used to the way I have taught to make the change

Change is inevitable 19

Balanced Blended with Flipped Approach20

Blended with FlippedBlended may not be sufficientBlended with Flipped21

MOOC is a courseStart and End TimeVideo LecturesAssignments & group workProjectsDiscussions and ForumsReading materialsAssessmentsCertification22

Growth of MOOC

Source: https://www.edsurge.com

23Why MOOC is growing in popularity?

To MOOC or not to MOOC, is no longer a question to ask; How to MOOC better is a more relevant question to ask.

MOOCs are very demanding compared to traditional courses content development (Alario-Hoyos et al. 2014)

24To MOOC or not to MOOC?

MOOC & Blended LearningMOOC is a courseMost MOOC courses do not have face-to-face elementBlended Learning is an approach to teaching and learningYou can use MOOC content within a face-to-face environmentStudents can go through a MOOC course and attend a face-to-face classroom sessions for discussions or class activities.25

Best Practices26

Why designa Blended Learning Course?27

Blended course design requires a willingness to step back and consider the goals and range of possibilities, strategies, techniques and tools.

28Garrison and Vaughan, 2008

Balancing between Online and F2FNeed to find the equilibrium between online and F2FHigh work load:Online Learning can be put great pressure on teacher.It can drain on ones time and effortCan have a negative impact A proper balance is need to have a positive impact29

#1 Learning OutcomeFocus on Learning Outcome and not TechnologyLearning Objectives must take precedence in the designAre the learning outcomes specific, attainable, and measurable?All activities must focus on the Learning Outcome30

#2 Which Models?31

# 3 Which Delivery Mode is Best?There is a need to balance online delivery with F2F delivery50:50; 30:70 or 80:20 ??Topic, learning strategy, class size, technology, etc.Which Topics/Activity Which mode?70:20:10 Model - 20:10 Blend social learning with formalPromote informal learning

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Which delivery mode?33

Blended LearningCurrent Use, Challenges and Best Practice, Report 2013

#4 The role of a teacher34

#5 Right Class SizeClass size has an impact on online teaching domain. Class size will determine the types of activities, assignments, evaluations, and feedback that will be used. There is a need to balance these activities according to class sizeResearch indicates that online class size should be limited to 20-30 students (Orellana, 2006; Roby, Ashe, Singh, & Clark, 2013). 35

#6 Students ICT Skills LevelNot all students have good ICT skillsTeacher will need to recognise their needs, challenges and opportunitiesSupport, Helpdesk, User Manuals, etc.New students may need more support and monitoring (Allen, 2000; Grover, 2006; Schrum & Hong, 2002)Advanced or veteran online students may require less one-on-one attention (Hachey, Wladis, & Conway, 2012, 2014). 36

#7 Balancing Content Development TimeOnline course preparations can be very time intensive, requiring considerable research, creativity, and planning (Dahlgran, 2008; Meyer, 2012).

Not necessary online mode save on teaching time (Bender, Wood, & Vredevoogd, 2004; Cavanaugh, 2005; Lazarus, 2003)

Teaching online can actually provide teachers with more flexibility (Meyer, 2012).

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#8 Assessment/FeedbackGrading papers/assignments & online class discussions/feedback can take up most of the teachers time (Mandernach, 2013)

Technology can help to leverage efficiency in grading and content delivery, but it can be time-intensive to implement (Sheridan, 2006)

A balanced strategy for grading is necessary (Sheridan, 2006)38

#9 Time for Professional DevelopmentProfessional development: opportunity to attend conferences/ workshops, participate learning communities, learn new e-learning techniques and keep abreast of discipline-specific research and pedagogy.

Professional development is often less of a priority given the other demands in the teaching domain (Dede, Ketelhut, Whitehouse, Breit, & McCloskey, 2008). 39

#10 Student Engagement is Key Get Students Attention Innovative ideas Social Presence and belonging Clear Content Structure Clear Instructions Challenging ActivitiesTimely Feedback Personal Touch Chat, E-mail, etc40

Does Blended Learning really works?Pennsylvanias Spring City Elementary Hybrid Learning School (SCEHLS) Implemented blended learning in Fall 2012Teachers were given 9 days of trainingBefore the school beganTeachers redesign classrooms to fit blended modeBasic technology was introducedStation Rotation Model3 Stations (20 min each station)Individual LearningCollaborative LearningDirect Instruction41

Experiment Results42

Source: iNACOL, The International Association for K12 Online Learning, http://www.inacol.org/

Why Blended Learning?43

Possible Barriers to Blended LearningInfrastructure Classroom, Network, Internet Access, WiFi, etc.Hardware and Software PCs, Notebooks, LMS, Integration, etc.Lack of Skill (Training)Cost and TimeMindset Change Teachers, Students and Parents44

Challenges in Designing Blended Course45

Key Success Factors46

Summary: Essentials for Blended Mode

Good Infrastructure Bandwidth, technology, learning space, etc.Go 1:1 - each student to have the own deviceGood LMS Schoology, Canvas, Facebook like, etc.Digital Learning SpacePromote teamwork and collaborative learningPromote MOOC Courses as electives & contentDetermine the right formula for your courseFocus on Learning

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Human TouchWe learn to make eye contact, to become aware of another person's posture and tone, to comfort one another and respectfully challenge one another -- that empathy and intimacy flourish. We learn who we are.by Professor Sherry Turkle48

Technology TouchTechnology has the power to engage students and make learning more fun. So much of learning happens outside of the classroom; we need to connect our in-school activities with our kids' out-of-school interests. Maybe they develop a love of writing poetry, producing music videos, or solving hard problems in their communities.Philips Andover49

THANK YOUTerima Kasih50

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Take this quiz?https://b.socrative.com/login/student/Room: KELANAWho will resist most in adopting Blended Learning?StudentsAdministratorsLecturers

In your opinion, which will be your preferred mode of learning? MOOC-style (fully online)F2F (fully classroom-based lectures)Blended Mode

Will Blended Mode be a threat to universities/schools that do not adopt it?YesNoNot Sure51