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SmartSmartSmartSmartMMMMeteringeteringeteringeteringWANWANWANWANCCCCommunicationsommunicationsommunicationsommunicationsRRRRequirementsequirementsequirementsequirements

Author(s)Author(s)Author(s)Author(s) AlastairManson

DocumentDocumentDocumentDocumentStatusStatusStatusStatus

Draft

DocumentRef.DocumentRef.DocumentRef.DocumentRef.No.No.No.No.

WANCOMMSRQTS

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WANCommunications Version0_ 2

TableofContentsTableofContentsTableofContentsTableofContentsTableofContents................................................................................................ 2DocumentControl ............................................................................................... 31.1 VersionHistory..................................................................................... 31.2 RelatedDocuments ............................................................................. 31.3 IntellectualPropertyRightsandCopyright.......................................... 31.4 Disclaimer............................................................................................. 3

2 ExecutiveSummaryandIntroduction ......................................................... 42.1 ExecutiveSummary ............................................................................. 42.2 Purpose ................................................................................................ 42.3 Scope ................................................................................................... 52.4 Objective .............................................................................................. 62.5 FutureDevelopment ............................................................................ 6

3 Glossary&Conventions.............................................................................. 73.1 DocumentConventions&Assumptions.............................................. 73.1.1 ConventionsforDiagrams............................................................ 73.1.2 MarketSegments.......................................................................... 73.1.3 MeterFunctionality ....................................................................... 73.1.4 MeterLocation .............................................................................. 83.1.5 MeterandMeteringSystem ......................................................... 83.1.6 CommunicationsforEachFuel .................................................. 103.1.7 TwoTypesofCommunicationforSmartMetering? .................. 10

3.2 Glossary ............................................................................................. 123.3 Assumptions....................................................................................... 15

4 ApproachandScope................................................................................. 164.1 Approach ............................................................................................ 164.2

Actors ................................................................................................. 16

4.3 Scopeofsolution................................................................................ 18

5 GeneralRequirements .............................................................................. 206 RequirementsofActors............................................................................. 236.1 Supplier .............................................................................................. 236.2 Consumer........................................................................................... 276.3 Network/DistributerUse ................................................................... 286.4 3rdpartyserviceprovider ................................................................... 296.5 Microgeneration ................................................................................. 296.6 Appliances.......................................................................................... 306.7 Display................................................................................................ 306.8 Installer/Maintainer........................................................................... 30

7 TrafficFlowDescription............................................................................. 30

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DocumentControlDocumentControlDocumentControlDocumentControl

1.11.11.11.1 VersionHistoryVersionHistoryVersionHistoryVersionHistory

Version Date Author Description

0_1 14July2008 AlastairManson Initialdraft

0_2 24July2008 AlastairManson UpdatedfollowingBERRsWANcommunicationsworkshop22July2008.

1.21.21.21.2 RelatedDocumentsRelatedDocumentsRelatedDocumentsRelatedDocuments

DocumentTitle Version Author Date

SmartMeteringOperationalFramework,proposalsandoptions

V1 ERASRSMProject

August2008

WANCommunicationsOptionsDefinition

ERASRSMProjectforBERR

July2008

1.31.31.31.3 IntellectualPropertyRightsandCopyrightIntellectualPropertyRightsandCopyrightIntellectualPropertyRightsandCopyrightIntellectualPropertyRightsandCopyrightAllrightsincludingcopyrightinthisdocumentortheinformationcontainedinitareownedbytheEnergyRetailAssociationanditsmembers.Allcopyrightandothernoticescontainedintheoriginalmaterialmustberetainedonanycopythatyoumake.Allotheruseisprohibited.AllotherrightsoftheEnergyRetailAssociationanditsmembersarereserved.

1.41.41.41.4 DisclaimerDisclaimerDisclaimerDisclaimerThisdocumentpresentstheRequirementsofWANcommunicationsforsmartmeteringinGreatBritainfordiscussion.Itdoesnotrepresentafinalstatementofrequirements.Wehaveusedreasonableendeavourstoensuretheaccuracyofthecontentsofthedocumentbutoffernowarranties(expressorimplied)inrespectofitsaccuracyorthattheproposalsoroptionswillwork.Totheextentpermittedbylaw,theEnergyRetailAssociationanditsmembersdonotacceptliabilityforanylosswhichmayarisefromrelianceuponinformationcontainedinthisdocument.Thisdocumentispresentedforinformationpurposesonlyandnoneoftheinformation,proposalsandoptionspresentedhereinconstitutesanoffer.

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2222 EEEExecutiveSummaryandxecutiveSummaryandxecutiveSummaryandxecutiveSummaryandIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction

2.12.12.12.1 ExecutiveSummaryExecutiveSummaryExecutiveSummaryExecutiveSummaryThisdocumentisaproductoftheWideAreaNetwork(WAN)Communicationsworkstream,partofthewiderprojectundertakenbyBERRtoconsidersmartmetering.TheProjectInitiationDocumentforthisworkstreamstatedthatAbetterdescriptionofthecommunicationsoptionsandtheirrequirementswillenabletheimpactonmarketmodelsforeachoptiontobebetterunderstood,e.g.constraints,drivers,issues,risks.ThisdocumentcollatesthegeneralrequirementsofsmartmeteringWANcommunicationsalongwiththerequirementsofkeypartiesthatwilluseorinteractwiththesmartmeteringWANcommunications.Theapproachhasbeentoconsidertherequirementsofsuppliersandthentolookatotherpartiesinturnforwhethertheyhaveadditionalrequirementsorcanrefine

thoseofthesupplier.Anumberofpartiesneedtoexchangedatawithsmartmetersanddeviceslocaltothosemeters.Therearerequirementsforaccesstothatdataexchangetobecontrolledandsecureandforstandardsofservicetobeagreed.PartiesotherthansupplierswillgenerallyhavesimilarrequirementsofWANcommunicationsbutmayinsomecasesrequiregreaterperformance.Partiesthatinstallandmaintaincomponentsofthesmartmeteringsystemwill

haverequirementsthatdifferfromthosewhopurelyusethecommunications.ConsumerswillhaveadditionalrequirementsthatsmartmeteringWANcommunicationshavenodetrimentaleffectonthem.ThekeypurposeistohelpprogresstowardacommonunderstandingandtofacilitatediscussionbetweenpartiesinterestedintheuseofsmartmeteringinGB.

2.22.22.22.2 PurposPurposPurposPurposeeeeThisdocumentdescribesrequirementsoftheWANcommunicationsforsmartmeteringinBritain.Itskeypurposeistohelpprogresstowardacommonunderstandingandtofacilitatediscussionbetweenpartiesinterestedintheuse of smart metering in GB

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Itisnotabnormalwhenpurchasingratherthanbuildingcomplexsolutionsthattheoptionsneedtobeweighedupagainstcostforhowwelltheydeliveror

constraintherequirements.Prematurespecificationisundesirableinanycaseasitislikelytocreatefalseconstraints.ThispapercollectstheWANcommunicationsrequirementsintoasingledocument.Theconsolidatedstatementofrequirementsistobeusedasthebasisfordiscussionandisexpectedtoberefinedinfuturework.

The objective is to promote a broad common level of understanding ratherthan to nail down a technical specification. This document avoids usingtechnical jargon as these are requirements that need to be understandable toa wide range of stakeholders.

2.32.32.32.3 ScopeScopeScopeScopeThescopeofthisdocumentconsistsoftherequirementsfortwoway

communicationsbetweensmartgasandelectricitymetersandauthorisedpartiesinGreatBritainandtherequirementsofthosepartiesthatmaybeaffectedbythoseWANcommunications.Thisincludeswherethecommunicationsmaybefortheultimatepurposeofcommunicatingwithanotherdevicelocaltothemeter.ThediagrambelowshowstheSRSMviewofthescopeofsmartmetering,andtheplaceofWANCommunicationswithinthatscope:

DataTransport

(internet)

Industry

Interfaces

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Itisnotedthattherequirementsandavailableoptionsarelikelytoflexover

timeastechnologyandcommercialarrangementsadapttowhatisessentiallyanewGBmarketformeteringcommunications.Thisdocumentdoesnotconsiderthecommercialorcontractingarrangementsorimplicationsfortheprovisionofsmartmeteringcommunicationsservices.

2.42.42.42.4 ObjectiveObjectiveObjectiveObjectiveTheobjectivesoftheWANCommunicationsworkstreamaspartofthewiderBERRactivitieshavebeenagreedasfollows::

TheobjectiveoftheWANCommunicationsworkstreamofworkistodeliverabetterunderstandingoftheWANCommunicationsoptionsandtheirpotentialimpactonmarketmodelstofeedintoPhase2evaluationofmarketmodels.

Abetterdescriptionofthecommunicationsoptionsandtheirrequirementswillenabletheimpactonmarketmodelsforeachoptiontobebetterunderstood,e.g.constraints,drivers,issues,risks.

Whatarethepracticalimplicationsofoperatingdifferentcommunications

optionswithinthedifferentmarketmodels?ThisisaquestionthatcanbestartedinPhase1,butwillhavetobeansweredinmoredetailinPhase2.

TheoutputfromthisworkstreamwillfeedintothemarketmodelevaluationplannedforPhase2.

Akeyobjectiveofthisworkstreamistobringallstakeholderstoacommonlevelofunderstanding.

2.52.52.52.5 FutureFutureFutureFutureDevelopmentDevelopmentDevelopmentDevelopmentItisexpectedthattherequirementsexpressedinthisdocumentwillberefinedaspartiesotherthansuppliersexpresstheirexpectationofusingsmartmeteringcapabilities.Therequirementswillbeinfluencedbytheactualcapabilitiesofsolutionsandthismayintroduceconstraints.

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3333 GlossaryGlossaryGlossaryGlossary&Conventions&Conventions&Conventions&Conventions

3.13.13.13.1 DocumentConventionsDocumentConventionsDocumentConventionsDocumentConventions&Assumptions&Assumptions&Assumptions&AssumptionsTheERASRSMprojecthasbeenrunningsinceSeptember2006,andhasestablishedanumberofpracticalconventionsandassumptionswithregardtosmartmetering.TheprojectpublishedProposalsandOptionsforaSmartMeteringOperationalFrameworkinAugust2007thisdocumentisover300pagesin

lengthandpresentscomprehensiveproposalstomeetthepracticalitiesofoperatingsmartmeteringinacompetitiveretailenvironment.Thefollowingsubsectionsgiveabriefoverviewofanumberofthesetopics.ForamorecompletesummaryoftheSmartMeteringOperationalFramework,pleasevisithttp://www.energy-retail.org.uk/smartmetersThroughoutthisdocumentmaterialsfromspecificserviceprovidersorexisting

implementationsareused.Thisistoillustratetheconceptsorcontextunderconsideration,andinnowayadvocatestheseapproachesandproductsaspreferredsolutionsorapplications.Theuseofsuchillustrationsissimplytomeetakeyobjectiveofestablishingacommonunderstandingoftheoptionstosupportfurtherdiscussion.

3.1.13.1.13.1.13.1.1 ConventionsforDiagramsConventionsforDiagramsConventionsforDiagramsConventionsforDiagrams

Alongsidetheconventionslistedbelow,thefollowingstandardapproacheshavebeenusedwithindiagrams.

Wiredphysicalconnectionsareshownusingasolidline Wirelessphysicalconnectionsareshownusingadottedline

Alldiagramswithinthisdocumentareillustrativeofthesubjectunderconsiderationandarenotintendedtorepresenttechnical,architecturalorschematicdepictionsofactualsituations.

3.1.23.1.23.1.23.1.2 MarketSegmenMarketSegmenMarketSegmenMarketSegmentstststs

TheOperationalFrameworkhasbeenwrittentoaddresstherequirementsofenergySuppliersinthedomesticretailmarkets.However,itrecognisesthatmetersusedinhomescanactuallybeexactlythesameasmetersusedinbusinesses,andthereforetheOperationalFrameworkproposalscouldapply.Therefore,withinthisdocument,thecommunicationsoptionsdiscussedcouldbe suitable for use in both domestic and equivalent non domestic markets

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ofthefunctionalityiscontainedwithinonebox.ThereisregularuseofapictureofanelectricitysmartmetertorepresentsmartMeteringSystems.

Smart Metering

Systems, with all

the functionality,

includingcommunications

under the glass

Metering System

using a separate

black box (or

boxes) to deliver

functionality

Metering System

using a separate

black box and

external antennato deliver

functionality

Illustration of how fuels could share

(with suitable commercial

arrangements) a single set of black

box(es) to deliver functionality

Smart Metering Systems Illustration of Flexible Approaches

In all cases, the metrology functions must be delivered by a regulated measuring instrument.

The required functionality could be delivered by components:

- within the meter casing;

- through the use of one or more new hardware components (in conjunction with new meters

or retrofitted to existing); or

- external hardware components shared between fuels.

Generally, no component of the smart Metering System will be reliant upon equipment

owned by the customer (e.g. broadband router), or services under the control of the

customer (e.g. telephony provider). There may be individual circumstances where use of the

customers equipment is unavoidable (customer chooses to own the meter, or particularly

within a non-domestic context where additional energy supply contractual terms can be

applied).

Software

+ +

+

+

+

Figure3:SmartMeteringSystems,IllustrationofFlexibleApproaches

Asdefinedbelow,asmartmeteringsystemcouldcompriseanumberofphysicaldevices(externalmodems,antennasetc.)todeliverthesmartfunctionalityrequirements.Thepotentialvarietyofphysicallocationsandconditionsofmeteringpointscouldresultinsmartmeteringsystemswherecomponentsarenotlocated

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3.1.63.1.63.1.63.1.6 CommunicationsforEachFuelCommunicationsforEachFuelCommunicationsforEachFuelCommunicationsforEachFuel

ThereareanumberofpotentialapproachestodeliveringWANinfrastructures

tobothgasandelectricitymetering.Asdiscussedabove,thismayinvolveadditionalcommunicationsequipment.Shownbelowarethetwobasicapproachesautonomyandthepiggy-back,bothofwhichareequallyvalidwhenconsideringWANcommunicationsoptions.Someoftheoptionspresentednaturallyfavouroneorotheroftheseapproaches,somecanbeagnostic.Thepiggy-backapproachpresentsadvantagestokeyconcernswithgasmeterpowerconsumption,butcreatesinteroperability,datastorageandnetworkoperationchallengesforelectricity

meters.Inthepiggy-backoption,theelectricitymeteriseffectivelypartofthegasmeteringsystem.

Figure4WANConnectionsforBothFuels

3.1.73.1.73.1.73.1.7 TwoTypesofCommunicationforSmartMetering?TwoTypesofCommunicationforSmartMetering?TwoTypesofCommunicationforSmartMetering?TwoTypesofCommunicationforSmartMetering?

ThisdocumentspecificallyaddressestheoptionsforWANcommunications,i.e.fromthemetertoaremoteparty.Therearerequirementsandexpectationsofsmartmeterstodelivercommunicationsfunctionalitylocally,

i.e.fromthemetertoahomedisplay,ormicrogenerationdevice,orameterfromadifferentutility.

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DataTranspo

rt

(internet)

LOCALCOMMUNICATIONSINTERFACE

WANCOMMUNICATIONS

INTERFACE

WANCOMMUNICATIONS

INTERFACE

Figure5ThreeSmartMeteringInterfaces

NotethattheWANrequirementscoverthewiderscopeofthedeliveryofendtoendsolutionsratherthanjustthetechnicalconsiderationsofWANcommunicationsprovisioncoveredintheWANcommsoptions.Theyremainrequirementsoftheparticipants.

DataTransport

Industry

Interfaces

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TheERASRSMProjecthasbeenfacilitatingaworkstreamtospecificallyconsidertheoptionsforLocalCommunicationsforSmartMetering.ThisworkstreamincludesexpertsfrommeteringandcommunicationsorganisationsandisexpectedtodeliveranevaluationandrecommendationreportinSeptember2008.Detailsonthisworkstreamareavailablefromhttp://www.srsmlocalcomms.wetpaint.comWhilstitmayseemtobetheoptimumapproachtohaveonecommunicatingcomponentwithinasmartmeter,forexampleWANandLocalCommunicationsaredeliveredusinglowpowerradiohardwarewithinthe

meter,unlessthesolutionoptionmeetsalloftherequirementsforbothapplications,theremaybeanargumentforincludingtwocommunicatingcomponents.ThishasbeentheapproachinsomeinternationalexamplesrequiringLocalCommunicationsconnectivity.However,theseexampleshavetendedtoseetheLocalelementaddedaftertheWANspecificationhasbeenset.

3.23.23.23.2 Glossary

GlossaryGlossaryGlossary

AnumberofthesedefinitionsaresimilartothoseusedwithintheOperationalFramework.

TermTermTermTerm MeaningMeaningMeaningMeaning

AccessControl ThemethodbywhichtheOperationalFrameworkcontrolsaccesstosmartMeteringSystems,smartmeteringdataandassociateddevices.

AuthorisedParty MeanstheSupplieroranotherpersonauthorisedbyconfigurationoftheAccessControlsecuritypoliciesintheMeteringSystemtointerrogateorconfiguretheMeteringSystem.

AuthorisedPartiescouldincludeacommunicationsserviceprovider,ameteroperator,anetworkoperatoretc.

DataExchange ElectronicinteractionsincludingthetransmissionofdatabetweenMeteringSystemsandAuthorisedPartiesorMeteringSystemsandLocalDevices

DLMS DeviceLanguageMessageSpecificationEuropeandata

protocolformetercommunicationsERA EnergyRetailAssociation,thetradeassociation

representingthesixmajorenergySuppliersinBritain.

ETSI EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstituteinternationalstandardsbody

IEEE InstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers

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Local

Communications

CommunicationsbetweenaMeteringSystemandLocal

DeviceswithinthepremisesinwhichtheMeteringSystemisinstalled.

LocalDevice ALocalDevicecanbeanypieceofequipmentwithinpremisesthatcommunicatesdirectlywiththeMeteringSystemusingLocalCommunications.

MeteringSystem Asingledeviceormeter,oracombinationofdevicesusedtodelivertheLowestCommonDenominatorasdefinedintheOperationalFramework-SmartMeterFunctionalSpecification.

MeterVariant ClassificationofmetertypeundertheOperationalFramework.AStandardvariantissuitableforinstallationatthemajorityofmeterpointsinGreatBritain.Othervariantsexisttocoverspecificsupply,circuitorcustomerissuesatasite.

ExamplesincludePolyphase,Semi-Concealedor5Terminalvariants.

ThefulltableofMeterVariantscanbefoundintheSmartMeterFunctionalSpecification.

MeterWorker AgenericOperationalFrameworktermreferringtoanypersonattendingameteringpointforthepurposesofinstallation,maintenance,investigation,replacementorremovaloftheMeteringSystem.

IncludesexistingenergyindustrydefinedrolesofMeterOperator,MeterAssetMaintainer,MeterReader,DataRetrieveretc.

OpenStandard TheEuropeanUniondefinitionofanopenstandard(taken

fromEuropeanInteroperabilityFrameworkforpan-EuropeaneGovernmentServices)is:

Thestandardisadoptedandwillbemaintainedbyanot-for-profitorganisation,anditsongoingdevelopmentoccursonthebasisofanopendecision-makingprocedureavailabletoallinterestedparties(consensusormajoritydecisionetc.).

Thestandardhasbeenpublishedandthestandardspecificationdocumentisavailableeitherfreelyorata

nominalcharge.Itmustbepermissibletoalltocopy,distributeanduseitfornofeeoratanominalfee.

Theintellectualproperty-i.e.patentspossiblypresent-of(partsof)thestandardismadeirrevocablyavailableonaroyalty-freebasis.

Therearenoconstraintsonthere-useofthestandard.

Operational Smart Metering Operational Framework Proposals and

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OperationalFramework.

OngoingatthetimeofdevelopingthisdocumentSupplier Meansanenergyretailbusiness

WAN(WideAreaNetwork)Communications

CommunicationsbetweenaMeteringSystemandaremoteAuthorisedParty

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3.33.33.33.3 AssumptionsAssumptionsAssumptionsAssumptions

WhilstdefiningtheWANCommunicationsoptions,anumberofassumptionshavebeenused.Thesearepresentedbelow:A.1. Allcommunicationsoptionsare(orwillbe)compliantwithrelevant

legislationandregulationsA.2. SmartmeterfunctionalityisbroadlyequivalenttotheSRSMSmart

MeterSpecificationA.3. WANCommunicationsoptionsaredefinedonlysofarastoreacha

connectiontotheinternet.Architecturesandsystemsupstream,i.e.howanenergySupplieraccessesmeteringdata,aresubjecttoseparateconsideration

A.4. WANCommunicationsserviceprovisionwillincludenetworkmanagementactivitysuitabletothatnetwork,i.e.trafficandoutagemanagement,scheduling,faultresolution.

A.5. Smartmeterswillallhaveunique(fixedordynamic)networkaddressesinaccordancewiththeprotocolstobeused

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4444 ApproachApproachApproachApproachandScopeandScopeandScopeandScope

4.14.14.14.1 ApproachApproachApproachApproachTheapproachtocollatingtheserequirementshasbeentoconsidertherequirementsofthewholeSmartmeteringsolutionforGreatBritain,thentoconsidertherequirementsfromthepointofviewofthedifferentpartiesordevicesthatmayuseorinteractwiththeSmartMeteringWANcommunications.

Thesupplierrequirementsareconsideredfirst,asthisisapartywithknownexpectationsofusingsmartmeteringandthereareestablishedanddocumentedrequirementsofthisparty.Theotherpartieshavethenbeenconsideredinturnforwhethertheyhaveadditionalrequirementsorcanelaborateonthoseofthesuppliers.

4.24.24.24.2 ActorsActorsActorsActorsTheSmartMeteringWANcommunicationsrequirementsarethoseofpartiesthatwillusethiscommunicationorwhomaybeaffectedbyit.Inusecasemethodologythetermactorisusedtodescribeparties,peopleorsystemsthatinteractwithasystem.Anactorisatypeofpartythatinteractswithasystemtheremayanynumberofinstancesofthatparty.Thefollowingactorshavebeenconsideredashavingkeyinteractionwith

smartmeteringandthereforebeinglikelytosetrequirementsoftheWANcommunications:

Consumer

Remotepartieso Suppliero Networkoperatoro 3rdpartyservice

LocalDeviceso Homeapplianceso Displayo Microgeneration

Installer/maintenance

Generalorindustryrequirements

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WAN Communications

Supplier

Network

3rd party service provider

Consumer

Meter

Appliances

Communications Installer and Maintenance

Microgeneration

General

Display

Figure7ContextofActorsandWANComms

ThecThecThecTheconsumeronsumeronsumeronsumerTheconsumermayinteractwiththemeterorlocaldevicesinactivitiesthat

resultinWANdataexchange,theymayalsobeaffectedbytheWANcommunications,thefacilitiesthatsmartmeteringwillenableareoftenforthebenefitoftheconsumer.RemotepartiesRemotepartiesRemotepartiesRemotepartiesTheseinclude:

AllSuppliersThesupplierforeachmeterchangesovertimewhenconsumersswitch

Networkoperatorsthismaybefixedforanyonemeter

3rdpartyserviceprovidersThisisacategorythatcoversanumberofservicesthatmaybechosenbythecustomersuchasenergymanagementservices,thesuppliersuchasmeterdataprocessingoranotherpartysuchasDNOorGT.

These parties may exchange data with meters including data that may

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Thesearedeviceslocaltothemeter,normallyinthesamepremises.Thesedevicesmayalsohavesomerelationshiptoaremoteparty.Thesedevicesareexpectedtoincludeameansofdisplayingenergyuseinformationbutmayalsoinclude:

Appliances

Microgenerationfacilitiesbutmayovertimeincludeahostofotherdevicesincludingpotentiallywatermetering.Localdevicesmayhaveanumberofdifferentcommunicationsrelationshipswiththemeteringsystem

Theoreticallytheymay: havetwowaycommunicationwiththemeteringsystem

onlyreceivedatafromthemeteringsystem

onlysenddatatothemeteringsystem

CommunicatewithanotherpartyviathemeteringsystemGeneralGeneralGeneralGeneralAgeneralactorisincluded.Thisistoallowrequirementsthatdontbelongtoaspecificparticipantorofthosestakeholdersthatwillnotusethesystemdirectlytobecaptured.ThismayrepresentforexamplewherenationalorlocalGovernmentintendforpoliciestoberealisedviasmartmetering.Thisactormayimplementrequirementsbyobligationsplacedonotherparties.Newactorsshouldbedistinguishedwhenclearrequirementsareidentified.

4.34.34.34.3 ScopeScopeScopeScopeofsolutionofsolutionofsolutionofsolutionThewholesolutionmustprovidetheWANcommunicationsbetweenthemeterpopulationandremoteauthorisedparties,includingwherethosecommunicationsareusedforthepurposeofdataexchangebetweenlocaldevices.RemotepartiesRemotepartiesRemotepartiesRemoteparties

ThesearepartieswithsuitableauthorisationwhowillusetheWANcommunicationsfordataexchangewiththemeterorviathemetertootherdevices.Thenumberofauthorisedpartiesisnotknown,foreachmetering

systemtheauthorisedpartieswillincludeasuccessionofsuppliers(oragentsactingontheirbehalf),itmayincludeindustrypartiesandagentschosenbythesupplierorconsumer.

ThemeterpopulationThemeterpopulationThemeterpopulationThemeterpopulation

ThisisprimarilythepopulationofdomesticGasandElectricitymetersin GB It is anticipated however that the same arrangements may be

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Note:metersmaybeconsideredalocaldevicetoanothermeter;thiscouldbemultiplemetersforthesameutilityinthesamepremisesormetersforanotherutility.Forexampleagasmeter(orwatermeter)mayhavenoWANcommunicationscapabilityofitsownandrelyontheelectricitymetertoprovideitsWANcommunications.Thesedevicesarenormallyinthesamepremisesasthemeteralthoughthelocalcommunicationsmechanismmaybeusedtoprovidecommunicationtodataconcentratorsoutsidethepremises.

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5555 GeneralReGeneralReGeneralReGeneralRequirementsquirementsquirementsquirementsThissectionreflectstherequirementsofthewholesmartmeteringsolutionforGreatBritainratherthanthoseofaspecificparticipanttype.

RefRefRefRef ReqReqReqRequirementuirementuirementuirement DetailsDetailsDetailsDetailsWG1 TheWANcommunicationsolutionmust

providefordataexchangebetweensuitablyauthorisedpartiesandgasandelectricity

meteringsystemsofdomesticsizeintheGBpopulation.Theremaybeanumberofpartiescontemporaneouslyauthorisedtoexchangedatawitheachmeteringsystem.

WG2 TheWANcommunicationsolutionmustprovidefordataexchangebetweensuitably

authorisedpartiesanddeviceslocaltothegasandelectricitymeteringsystemsintheGBpopulationviathosemeteringsystems.

WG3 AccessControlItisessentialthatallinteractionwitheachsmartmeteringsystemviaWANCommunicationsberestrictedtothosewithsuitablerightstodoso.Theaccesscontrolmechanismmustmanage::

WhocaninteractwitheachmeteringsystemusingWANcommunications(includingwherethisisdonetointeractwithlocaldevices)atanypointintime,

Whatfunctionsapartyisallowedtouseand

Whatdataapartymayread,writeordelete.

Thismechanismmustexcludeaccesstothosewithoutsuitablerightsincludingwhererightshaveexpired.

Itisnotedthatasolutioncould have nodespassing on informationpackets without the needto read those packets

WG4 InteroperabilityTh ill b b f diff i

Interoperabilitywillneedb d fi d i l di

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RefRefRefRef ReqReqReqRequirementuirementuirementuirement DetailsDetailsDetailsDetailsWG5 Utility robust

Anytechnologyoptionthathasthepotentialforcustomerinterferenceoradependencyonacustomerprovidedserviceisnotarobustutilitysolution.Itisessentialtohaveahighreliabilitysolutionforaservicethatistheresponsibilityoftheutilityserviceprovider,notthecustomer.Utilitiescouldnotbedependentonalevelofserviceforcommunicationsdeterminedby,ordrivenfor,thecustomer.Itislikelythatutilities

wouldhavetoconsideradditionalcommercialarrangementstomeetutility-robuststandardsofservice.Thereisnotarequirementforcommunicationstobecontinuouslyonbutthereislikelytobearequirementforveryhighavailability.

WG6 GeographiccoverageTheWANcommunicationssolutionmust

providecoverageforthewholeoftheGBarea.TheWANcommunicationssolutionmustprovidecoverageforcloseto100%ofpropertytypesandtopographicalvariations.

ItisacknowledgedthattheWAN

communicationsmaynotbedeliveredbyasinglesolutionornetworknationallyorinlocalareasbuttheoverallcoveragemustbecloseto100%,failureisonlyacceptableintrulyexceptionalcircumstances.

WG7 PremisetypecoverageTheWANcommunicationssolutionmustprovidecoverageforcloseto100%ofpropertytypesandtopographicalvariations.

ItisacknowledgedthattheWANcommunicationsmaynotbedeliveredbyasinglesolutionornetworkforallpropertytypesbutthe

overallcoveragemustbecloseto100%,failureisonlyacceptableintrulyexceptionalcircumstances.

WG8 Longe it It is en isaged that smart

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RefRefRefRef ReqReqReqRequirementuirementuirementuirement DetailsDetailsDetailsDetailsmechanismscannotchangeinthattimebutwouldnotbeacceptableforthisnewgenerationofmeterstoneedreplacementbecausetheCommunicationsbecomesobsolete.Thesolutionmaybe

designedsuchthatshouldacomponentpartoftheWANcommunicationsbecomeobsolete,itcanbeupdatedwithoutthereplacementofmeteringsystems.

Therewouldbearequirementfornewcommunicationssolutionstobebackwardlycompatiblewithexistingmeterswithouttheneedtovisitthosemetersforupgrade.

WG9 GrowthofUse

TherequirementsforuseoftheWANcommunicationsareexpectedtogrowovertimehencethereisarequirementforthesolutionstohavesparecapacityandorscalability.

WG10 ReasonablecostThewholesolutionmustbeprovidedatreasonablecost,thisistrueoftheWANCommunicationselement.

WG11 InitiationofCommunicationWANcommunicationsmaybeinitiatedbyremote parties or by the metering system (or

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Ref Requirement Mandatory/Highly

Desirable/Desirable

relevantlegislationandregulations.

WS2 Thereisarequirementforintermittent22waycommunicationofdatabetweentheMeteringSystemandAuthorisedParties.

Thecommunicationsabilityofthemeteringsystemmay

createexpectationsofveryshortlatencyandtheserequirementswillneedtobeestablished.Forexample,theremaybeadesireforcustomerserviceadvisorstointerrogatethemeterduringaphonecallwiththecustomer,thiswouldcreaterequirementsforlatencytobeintherangeofoneminute.

M

WS3 Thecommunicationssolution(s)willsupportaminimumstandardofservice3forthecompletionofallData

ExchangesbetweenMeteringSystemsandAuthorisedParties4.

Thisstandardofservicewillbeexpressedintime.ItwillnotbeprescriptiveaboutthenumberofretriesrequiredallDataExchangeswillcomplete.5

M

WS4 Thecommunicationssolution(s)willsupportaprioritised6standardofserviceforthecompletionof

HD

2ThereisnorequirementforcontinuouscommunicationbetweenaMeteringSystemandAuthorisedParties,e.g.alwaysonline.Thecommunicationssolutionshouldsupportintermittent(asopposedtocontinuous)serviceavailableondemand.Thisofcourse,doesnot,precludethattherequirementcouldbefulfilledbycontinuousserviceavailability,subjecttocostandthepotentialimpactonbatterylifeofgasmeters.ThelimitingfactorwouldbethosecomponentsoftheWANcommunicationsthatarebatterypowered,namelythegasmeters.Sendingandreceivingmessagesorlistening(beingavailabletoreceive)takespowerhencetheoverallrequirementisforintermittentcommunications.

Itisexpectedthatthemajorityofthecommunicationssolutionwillbeavailablevirtuallyconstantly,butthatgasmetersparticularlymayhavecommunicationsregimesthatusepowereconomically.3AnyintroductionofastandardofservicesintroducesparallelrequirementsforOperationalFrameworkparticipantsforunilateralormultilateralmonitoringofperformanceagainstthestandard.Whilstthismaybevestedintheserviceprovider(s)themselves,someformof

i ht ill b i d t i i ti i d li d dd

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Desirable/Desirable

DataExchangesbetweenMeteringSystemsandAuthorisedParties.

PrioritieswithinthestandardofservicewillbeexpressedinthetimetakentocompletetheDataExchangesuggestedexample

HighestPriority=wheretimelinessofcompletingDataExchangeiscriticaltocompletionofabusinessprocesse.g.addingemergencycredittoMeteringSystemoralertinganAuthorisedPartyofaseriousfault/tamper.

StandardPriority=assumedtobemostcommonclassificationusedforthemajorityofDataExchanges.

LowPriority=informationisnotcriticaltoSupplierorcustomerprocesse.g.downloadingnewsoftware

versiontoMeteringSystem.

Itispossiblethatsuchprioritisationmaynotbeneededforsometimebutitisconsideredessentialtomakeprovisionforthistobeabletobeactivatedlater.

WS5 Thecommunicationssolution(s)willrequirethenumberofsitevisitstoaMeteringSystemtoaddressissuesor

failuresofthecommunicationssolution(s)tobekepttoaminimum.

HD

WS6 AllcommunicationsbetweenaMeteringSystemandAuthorisedPartywillbesecure.7

Ifcommunicationssecuritydoesnotformpartofthecommunicationsprotocols,thesolutionwillincludesecuritymeasuresandcontrolsasfollows8:

Cryptosecuritye.g.atleast128bitencryptionusingAdvancedEncryptionStandard(AES).

Emissionsecurityprotectinginformationemanatingfrom the Metering System from intercept andanalysis

Ph i l it f di i ti

M

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Desirable/Desirable

Traffic Flowsecurity concealing the presenceandpropertiesofvalidmessagesonthenetwork

Transmission security measures to protectinformation from interception and exploitation bymeans other than decryption e.g. jamming,frequencyhoppingetc.

WS7 CommunicationtoandfromaMeteringSystemwillberesistanttoinappropriateinterferencebyanypartyincludingthecustomer.9

M

WS8 Thecommunicationssolutionsshallberesistanttovirusesandothermalicioussoftware.

M

WS9 Thecommunicationssolution(s)willcomplywith

ScheduleIProtocolSpecification.

(notethisschedulespecifiestheuseofinternetprotocolaspartoftheTCP/IPinternetprotocolstack)

M

WS10 Thecommunicationssolution(s)willcomplywithScheduleJDataExchangeFormatSpecification.

(notethisschedulespecifiestheuseofXML)

M

WS11 Thecommunicationssolutionwillnotalter,corruptorpermanentlystoreanydataittransports.

M

WS12 Thecommunicationssolution(s)underreasonableusageprofiles,willnotcriticallyaffectthepowerconsumption10orbatterylifeofaMeteringSystem.

M

WS13 Thecommunicationssolution(s)willbecapableofmeetingthedatatrafficrequirementsoftheOperational

Framework.11

M

9Inappropriatehere,meansinadvertentordeliberateactionsthatwouldcompromisetheotherrequirements.AbalancewillneedtobemaintainedbetweentherequirementforsecurecommunicationswithLocalDevices,asdefinedinScheduleFAccessControlSpecification,d th bilit f t t t bli h L l C i ti b t M t i S t

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6.26.26.26.2 ConsumerConsumerConsumerConsumerThe majority of the consumer requirements of Smart metering WANcommunications (reliable, secure communications) will be covered by thesupplier requirements). However, the consumer has requirements of theWAN communications solution in addition to those of the supplier.

WC1 SafetyThe WAN communications solution shall not be harmful to residents.

WC2 Interference caused to existing networksThe WAN communications solution shall not materially interfere withconsumers existing networks (as isthecaseforallconsumerelectronics).

WC3 Minimal DisruptionThe consumer has a requirement that the installation and operation of

smart metering causes minimal disruption. The requirement forminimal disruption includes disruption to the persons schedule such asaccess to the premises or supply off during work and disruption causedby physical device(s).

WC4 Latency in CommunicationConsumers will carry out activities that use the metering system WANcommunications, where these activities involve a customer activity anda response (update to the metering system) the consumer will normally

require the operation to complete in a short space of time.A clear example where a short latency in messages is required iswhere the meter is operating in prepayment mode. It is expected thatmeters will hold the balance, credit payments may be made at a vendorand that the credit is updated to the meter by the vendor or supplier.The consumer will require that this operation complete in a short time.As a guideline, it would be unlikely to be acceptable for the smartmetering process to take significantly longer than a normal time for

the current process.The current process for a prepayment customer when they need toupdate credit is that they go to a vendor, purchase credit which is heldon a key or token, return to the meter and transfer the credit to themeter, the credit is immediately updated to the meter. This activitymight reasonably be assumed to take about 20 - 30 minutes. There is

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The customer has a requirement that the whole of the smart meteringsystem is at reasonable cost, this is true of the WAN communicationselement.

WC6 Not IntrusiveThe customer has a requirement that the WAN communications are notinvasive. There is a balance to be struck between providing usefulservices and those that may be seen as invasive.

6.36.36.36.3 Network/DistributerUseNetwork/DistributerUseNetwork/DistributerUseNetwork/DistributerUseThere are no firm requirements of Network operators or distributors asyet. However the potential requirements of these parties can beestimated by considering a range of benefits these parties may expectto realise from use of smart metering facilities. Examples of thesebenefits have been identified in the ERA response to BERRs AMMimpact assessment as follows:

BenefitsenabledwithERAspecification:

LossManagement

Restorationverification

Emergencyresponse

Loadforecastingandscheduling

Benefitsthatwouldrequireadditionalfunctionality

Powerqualitymonitoring

PhaseBalancing

LoadBalancing

Outagenotification

These and others have been agreed as potential benefits for networks load

management, in particular, has been discussed as a likely use. However,none of these requirements are firm. It is unknown if each network operatorwould be likely to adopt the same set of functionality although there should besimilar benefits cases for each.

The activities to achieve the benefits that are recognised for networks would

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6.66.66.66.6 AppliancesAppliancesAppliancesAppliancesThe requirements of appliances which may communicate with 3rd parties via

the metering system WAN communications have been covered within therequirements of suppliers and 3rd parties and no additional requirements areidentified.

6.76.76.76.7 DisplayDisplayDisplayDisplayOne or more suppliers may communicate via the metering system with one ormore in home displays. The display may be used to carry out many actions

that are, by default, actions that belong to the meter.Authorised parties may carry out dialogues with the consumer using thedisplay rather than the meter as the interface. However the requirements ofthe supplier should already cover this interface and no additional requirementsare identified.

6.86.86.86.8 InstallerInstallerInstallerInstaller////MaintainerMaintainerMaintainerMaintainer

The parties responsible for installing and maintaining the metering systemshave a different relationship with the WAN communications the other actors inthat they are not using the WAN communications for their own sake.As the relationship is different installers have requirements in addition to thoseof suppliers. This party requires:

WI1 Repeatable processesInstallation of metering systems, including the commissioning of WANcommunications, and maintenance activities must be simple and routineactivities.

WI2 Avoidance of meter visits through remote diagnosticsThe vast majority of current reasons for meter visits must be avoided asthis avoidance is a major benefit in the case for smart metering. Meteringsystems should provide information about faults automatically and shouldalso report maintenance requirements (such as low batteries) so thatmeter visits can be targeted when needed. It is particularly important that

the state of the metering systems can be sufficiently assured that thecurrent need for inspection visits can be avoided.

7777 TrafficFlowDescriptionTrafficFlowDescriptionTrafficFlowDescriptionTrafficFlowDescription

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Numberofmetersinvolved

Frequency

Profileofuse

Theconcurrentuseandtopologywilldrivethesizeofthebandwidthrequirements.However,itisprematuretoundertakedetaileddatatrafficanalysis.Thereareenoughunknownssuchanalysishaslimitedvalueandmayactuallybemisleading.

AnumberofpartiesareexpectedtousetheWANcommunicationsfordataexchangewiththemeteringsystemandlocaldevicesbutthepartywithknownrequirementsisthesupplier.Eachadditionalpartywouldaddtothedatatrafficrequirementsbuttheextentwoulddependontheirinteractionwiththemeteringsystem.Itisreasonabletoassumethattheusemaygrowsignificantlyovertime.Thevastmajorityofmessagesinasuppliersdataexchangesarelikelytobereasonablysmall(suchasmeterreadings,logs,tariffupdates,creditupdates,

alerts,etc)itwouldbepossibletoestimatethesealthoughthislesslikelytobetheareathatwillstretchthesolution.Themajorityofmessagesofotherpartiesarelikelytobesimilarlysmallalthoughuntilthoseusesareidentifiedthisisspeculativedifferentpartiesmayhavecompletelydifferentuseprofiles.Thelargestmessagesarelikelytobesoftwareorfirmwareupgradesalthoughitisimpossibletoestimatethesizeofthesewhenthesoftwaresolutionis

unknown.ThesoftwaredevelopmentwillneedtoaccountforconstraintsoftheneedtoprovideupgradeovertheWAN.AnearlyexampleofhowtrafficanalysismaylookisprovidedinAppendixA .Itisstressedthoughthatallvaluesgivenareestimatesthatwouldneedtobere-evaluatedwithexpertsinalltherelevantfields.

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APPENDIX A: EXAMPLE Traffic Flow Analysis Model

1 The table below shows an example of traffic flow that could be modelled to meet Operational Framework requirements.

2 Due to the incremental nature of any implementation of smart metering, and the potential variety of data requirements by customer or Supplier segments, any model willneed to use a number of assumptions and profiles to determine the traffic capacity requirements of smart metering.

3 All sizes used in this table are in bytes and are estimations.

MessageOverhead Fuel MessageContent

ExampleUsage

Interaction Header Footer NetworkAck

Gas Elec Elements Size TotalPerMeter

FrequencyofActivity

%ofPortfolio

MeterReading(non-interval,simpletariff)

100B 100B 15B Yes Yes 10Bperreadingandregisteridentifier

40B 255B Daily 100%

MeterReading(intervaldata)

100B 100B 15B Yes Yes 10Bperhalfhouradvance

240B 455B Daily 100%

TariffSetting 100B 100B 15B Yes Yes 50Bpertariffset 100B 315B Monthly 25%

Meteralerts 100B 100B 15B Yes Yes 20Bperalert 20B 235B Daily 5%

Debitbalances 100B 100B 15B Yes Yes 50Bperbalancedebt,credit,recovery

rate,emergencycredit

200B 415B Weekly 20%

AccessControlPolicies 100B 100B 15B Yes Yes 250Bperpolicy 250B 465B Monthly 50%

Softwareapplication 100B 100B 15B Yes Yes 15000Bperapplication

15000B 15215B Monthly 10%