Benchmark Review SC.912.L.14.3

Compare and contrast the general structures of plant and animal cells. Compare and contrast the general structures and prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

CellsProkaryotes• Simple, no membrane

bound organelles• Bacteria only• One circular chromosome• Includes: chromosome,

ribosomes, and plasma membrane

Eukaryotes• Membrane bound

organelles • Plants and Animals• True nucleus

containing chromosomes

StructuresNucleus•“Control Center”•Contains chromosomesMitochondria•“Powerhouse” of the cell•Produces energy in the form of ATP•Site of Aerobic respirationChloroplast•Site of photosynthesis•Plant cells ONLY•Contains the pigment chlorophyll

Cell Structures

Ribosomes•Proteins are synthesized•Found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Plasma Membrane (Cell Membrane)•Surrounds the cell•Regulates what enters/leaves the cell•Helps maintain homeostasis•Made of phospholipids with embedded proteins

Cell Wall•Plant cells ONLY•Surrounds cell and provides support and protection.•Made of cellulose

1. Eukaryotic cells are differentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells A are much smaller.B have permeable membranes.C have a higher rate of reproduction.D have nuclei.

2. Which cellular organelle is responsible for packaging the proteins that the cell secretes? A. cytoskeletonB. cell membraneC. lysosomeD. Golgi apparatus

Check Your Understanding

Check Your Understanding• W3. hich of these best completes this concept

map? • cell