BELLWORK

1. What was the Red Scare?2. Describe the Palmer Raids.3. Who are Sacco and Vanzetti?4. Do you think another Red Scare could

happen again?5. What were the Jim Crow laws?6. What was Plessey vs. Ferguson? 7. THINKER: Why were African

Americans moving north during and after WWI?

Sacco and Vanzetti• Two Italian

immigrants and anarchists accused of murder.

• Extremely controversial court case during the Red Scare.

• Inconclusive evidence

• Sentenced to death by electric chair.

Reading: Sacco and Vanzetti• We are now going

to read more in-depth about this court case and the overall feeling in America at the time.

• As we read, follow along and answer the questions on the worksheet.

Sacco and Vanzetti

Innocent or Guilty?

• Why would African Americans chose to move North in the 1920’s?

The Great Migration• Between 1916 and 1920, half a million African

Americans left the south in search of jobs, better opportunities, and to escape racism.

• In the North, they took jobs as meatpackers, metalworkers, and autoworkers for more pay than they would’ve made in the South.

• This caused Northern urban centers to become more populated.

• Some northern whites were mad they had to share power and opportunity with African Americans and eventually led to the 1920’s race riots.

Chicago Race Riots: 1919

Washington Race Riot: 1920

Marcus Garvey• A Jamaican-born

activist who urged African Americans to return to “Motherland Africa” to create a self-governing nation.

• Raised $10 million for a steamship that would take his followers back to the motherland.

Marcus Garvey• Garvey was

deported to Jamaica in 1927 for fraud charges.

• His message of racial pride and independence inspired later “black pride” movements.

Resurgence of the KKK• In 1872, the population of the KKK

dramatically decreased due to Reconstruction.

• The KKK undergoes a second ten- to fifteen- year popularity in 1915.

• They were not just targeting African Americans anymore: immigrants, communists, and radicals led to the KKK’s new popularity, reaching its peak membership in 1924.

Year Membership

1920 3,000,000

1924 4,000,000

1930 30,000

1980 5,000

2008 6,000

Anti-Immigrant Rally; WV 1920

Anti-Immigrant March; NJ 1921

KKK Initiation; DC 1923

CLOSURE

• What was “The Great Migration?” Why was this taking place?

• What led to the “middle” Klan’s popularity in the 1920’s?

• Who was Marcus Garvey? What did he believe?

When White Hoods Were in Flower

• To learn more about the KKK’s popularity in the 1920’s you are going to read an article about the “middle” Klan.

• As you read, answer the questions on your own sheet of paper!

• We will discuss them once everyone is finished.