Bellringer

•What do you know about nutrients Pre-quiz (handout)

Nutrient Basics

Objective• I will identify the six basic nutrient groups

• I will learn how the basic nutrients comprise the foods I eat

You Are What You Eat• Food is your body’s fuel

• Energy is released from the food and the nutrients are used to build, repair, and maintain body cells.

What is a Nutrient?

A nutrient is a chemical substance in food that helps maintain the body.

Some provide energy. All help build cells and tissues, regulate bodily processes such as breathing. No single food supplies all the nutrients the body needs to function.

What Are Essential Nutrients?• The Building Blocks– Contribute to your body’s healthy functioning

1. Carbohydrates

2. Proteins

3. Fats

4. Vitamins

5. Minerals

6. Water

Chemistry of Nutrition• Chemical Elements– Elements: the simplest substances from which all

matter is formed

– Molecule: the smallest amount of a substance made of 2 or more atoms

– Atom: the smallest part of an element that can enter into a chemical reaction

– Compound: when atoms of 2 or more elements are bonded together

Chemistry of Nutrients• Compounds– Carbohydrates

– Fats

– Proteins

– Vitamins

– Water

• Element– Minerals

Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and cobalt

3 Main Functions of Nutrients

Essential nutrients from food are used to:

• Build and repair body tissue

• Regulate all body processes

• Provide energy

Build and Repair Body Tissues

Cells are formed with materials that come from food.

Regulate Body ProcessesKeep body processes running smoothly such as:

• Circulation of body fluids

• Acid-base level in the blood

• Digestion, absorption, and metabolism

Provide Energy• To breathe

• Pump blood

• Move muscles

• Provide heat

Food is to your body as gasoline is to your car.

It is a source of energy for performance.

Energy is necessary for all life processes to occur

Energy

Chemical reactions that take place in the cells release energy from the nutrients you get from food.

Energy Sources

• Carbohydrates

• Protein

• Fats

2 main: Carbs and Fat

Water, Vitamins, and Minerals DO NOT provide energy!• They help with metabolism and

improve the way food is processed but they don’t actually deliver any energy.

Energy value of food

Kilocalorie

• Amount of heat needed to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius.

• kcal

Calorie

• A unit of measurement that describes how much energy the food delivers to the body when it is digested and metabolized.

CaloriesNutrient Energy

delivered per Gram

Carbohydrates 4 kcal

Protein 4 kcal

Fat 9 kcal

Vitamins None

Minerals None

Water None

For every gram of the nutrients you digest, your body receives # kcal of fuel

BYOD • Write down the calorie information for:– Chick-fil-a: nuggets (8 piece)

– McDonalds: nuggets (6 piece)

– KFC: extra crispy strips (3)

– Church’s: tender crispy strip (3 each)

– Burger King: chicken nuggets (6 piece)

– Wendy’s: nuggets (6 piece)

Assignment:

Which is the best choice? Why? (write down answer and turn in tomorrow)