BellringerBellringer

Name the 2 essential fatty acidsName the 2 essential fatty acids

Fats ReviewFats Review

The Facts About FatThe Facts About Fat

Certain fats are essential for good nutrition Certain fats are essential for good nutrition and health.and health.

Fats provide essential fatty acids which the Fats provide essential fatty acids which the body can’t manufacture.body can’t manufacture.

Act as insulators to maintain body Act as insulators to maintain body temperature.temperature.

Improve the palatability of food and Improve the palatability of food and promote digestion.promote digestion.

The Facts About FatThe Facts About Fat

Provide the greatest energy output per gram Provide the greatest energy output per gram of any food source. ( 9 cals)of any food source. ( 9 cals)

Carry fat soluble vitamins- A,D,E, and K.Carry fat soluble vitamins- A,D,E, and K.

Fats ContentFats Content

Heart Disease- The Silent KillerHeart Disease- The Silent Killer

What is Heart Disease?What is Heart Disease?

A general term that covers a number of A general term that covers a number of diseases which affect the heart, including diseases which affect the heart, including coronary artery disease, heart-failure and coronary artery disease, heart-failure and angina.angina.

Heart Disease is the number one killer in Heart Disease is the number one killer in the United States.the United States.

What Is Heart Disease?

There are many forms of heart disease Coronary artery disease, or coronary heart

disease, is most common Heart disease develops over years and

progresses when the heart doesn’t get enough nutrient-rich blood

What Causes Heart Disease?What Causes Heart Disease?

Atherosclerosis-fatty deposits of cholesterolAtherosclerosis-fatty deposits of cholesterol

HypertensionHypertension

A disease in A disease in which plaque which plaque builds up inside builds up inside your arteries, your arteries, limiting the flow limiting the flow of oxygen-rich of oxygen-rich blood to your blood to your organsorgans

Atherosclerosis

What is Hypertension?What is Hypertension?

160/95 mm Hg?160/95 mm Hg?

140/90 mm Hg?140/90 mm Hg?

160/95 mm Hg?160/95 mm Hg?

140/90 mm Hg?140/90 mm Hg?

http://youtu.be/tAmLbclSucQ

Risk factors for high blood pressureRisk factors for high blood pressure

Older AgeOlder Age Ethnicity: African-CaribbeanEthnicity: African-Caribbean Family historyFamily history Body mass: Overweight/obeseBody mass: Overweight/obese Alcohol intake: highAlcohol intake: high

• Angina Angina pectorispectoris

• Unstable Unstable anginaangina

• Myocardial Myocardial infarctioninfarction

• Sudden deathSudden death• Heart failureHeart failure

• TIATIA• Ischemic Ischemic

strokestroke• Hemorrhagic Hemorrhagic

strokestroke

• Renovascular Renovascular diseasedisease

• Renal failureRenal failure

• ClaudicationClaudication• AneurysmAneurysm• Critical limb Critical limb

ischemiaischemia

Hypertension Affects Target OrgansHypertension Affects Target OrgansHypertension

High BP increases the risk of:-High BP increases the risk of:-

-Coronary (ischaemic) heart disease-Coronary (ischaemic) heart disease -Stroke (all types)-Stroke (all types) -Ischaemic stroke-Ischaemic stroke -Haemorrhagic stroke-Haemorrhagic stroke -Subarachnoid haemorrhage-Subarachnoid haemorrhage -Heart failure-Heart failure -Hypertensive heart disease-Hypertensive heart disease -Sudden death-Sudden death -Renal failure-Renal failure

Coronary Artery DiseaseCoronary Artery Disease

Occurs when the coronary arteries that Occurs when the coronary arteries that supply the heart muscle become blocked.supply the heart muscle become blocked.

Partially blocked it causes angina.Partially blocked it causes angina.

Fully blocked it causes a myocardial Fully blocked it causes a myocardial infarction or a heart attack!infarction or a heart attack!

Occurs when blood flow to a section of heart muscle becomes blocked, most often, the result of coronary artery disease

Heart Attack

http://youtu.be/n8P3n6GKBSY

Myocardial Infarction or

Heart Attack

Myocardial Infarction or

Heart Attack

Symptoms: uncomfortable pressure, Symptoms: uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing pain, pain spreading to fullness, squeezing pain, pain spreading to the shoulders, neck and arms.the shoulders, neck and arms.

Chest discomfort and light headednessChest discomfort and light headedness Anxiety/nervousnessAnxiety/nervousness Paleness or pallorPaleness or pallor Increased irregular heart rateIncreased irregular heart rate

Myocardial Infarction contd.Myocardial Infarction contd.

Feeling of impending doomFeeling of impending doom

If you or someone you know is having these If you or someone you know is having these symptoms call 911!symptoms call 911!

Congestive Heart FailureCongestive Heart Failure

Fits under the description of heart disease.Fits under the description of heart disease. Does not mean the heart has failed, simply Does not mean the heart has failed, simply

means the heart is not doing an efficient job. means the heart is not doing an efficient job. It results from an injury or a reduction of It results from an injury or a reduction of

function of the heart muscle.function of the heart muscle. Can be due to arteriosclerosis, hypertension, Can be due to arteriosclerosis, hypertension,

myocardial infarction, rheumatic fever or myocardial infarction, rheumatic fever or birth defect.birth defect.

Cerebrovascular Accidentor

Stroke

Cerebrovascular Accidentor

Stroke

Blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked Blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked by atherosclerosis- the tissue supplied by by atherosclerosis- the tissue supplied by the artery dies.the artery dies.

Embolus – which is a traveling blood clot.Embolus – which is a traveling blood clot.

Symptoms of StrokeSymptoms of Stroke

Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the arm or leg, especially on one side of the body.body.

Sudden confusion, trouble speaking, or Sudden confusion, trouble speaking, or understanding.understanding.

Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes.Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes. Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of

balance or coordination.balance or coordination.

Symptoms of StrokeSymptoms of Stroke

Sudden severe headache with no known Sudden severe headache with no known cause.cause.

If you have any of these symptoms you If you have any of these symptoms you need immediate medical attention!need immediate medical attention!

http://youtu.be/fKrXCly1kK0

Unchangeable Risk FactorsUnchangeable Risk Factors

Age- the older you get, the greater the Age- the older you get, the greater the chance.chance.

Sex- males have a greater rate even after Sex- males have a greater rate even after women pass menopause.women pass menopause.

Race- minorities have a greater chance.Race- minorities have a greater chance. Family history- if family members have had Family history- if family members have had

CHD, there is a greater chance.CHD, there is a greater chance.

Unchangeable Risk FactorsUnchangeable Risk Factors

Personal Medical History- other diseases Personal Medical History- other diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus can increase such as Diabetes Mellitus can increase chances.chances.

Changeable Risk FactorsChangeable Risk Factors

HypertensionHypertension Serum cholesterolSerum cholesterol ObesityObesity Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus Physical InactivityPhysical Inactivity Cigarette SmokingCigarette Smoking Alcohol IntakeAlcohol Intake