bell work(buff binder): explain the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote. also, take out...
TRANSCRIPT
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BELL WORK(Buff Binder):
Explain the difference between a PROKARYOTE and a EUKARYOTE.
Also, take out your homework so I can check it!
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Set up today’s page in your journal…
• Page: 59• Date: 2-4-15• Title: Viral Structure• Essential Question: How does the
structure of a virus compare to a cell?• YES - Cornell notes, please!
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OVERVIEW
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VocabularyVirus: a non-cellular (or acellular) pathogen
Pathogen: any disease-causing agent
Virology: the study of viruses
Virion: a viral particle (piece of a virus)
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Cellular Organisms vs Acellular Particles
Eukaryotic Nucleus
Prokaryotic Cell
Virus
Eukaryotic Cell
1 ųm (1000 nm)
A virus’s size helps it to reproduce. We’ll talk about this tomorrow.
If a cell was the size of our classroom, then an average virus would be the size of a softball.
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Viral Size
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Viral components– Capsid (protein coat)
• Made of proteins• Surrounds the core
– Genetic material• DNA or RNA• Inside the capsid
– Envelope• Made of lipids (like cell membranes!)• ONLY ON SOME VIRUSES
– Spikes• Made of proteins• Used to attach to cells• ONLY ON VIRUSES WITH ENVELOPES7
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Generalized Structure of Viruses
virions having envelopes = enveloped virusesvirions lacking envelopes = naked viruses
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Generalized Structure of Viruses
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Helical Capsids
Helical capsids are rod-like structures with the RNA in the center of the helix. A helix is made by stacking repeating units in a spiral.
RNA
protein coat
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Tobacco Mosaic VirusTobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) is an example of a virus with a helical structure. Protein
subunits wrap around the spiraling RNA strand.
This image taken using an Electron Microscope
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AdenovirusAdenoviruses cause diseases like pink-eye or the common cold
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BacteriophageBacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria.
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Specificity: viruses are highly specific to the cells they infect
Examples: 1) plant viruses infect plant cells2) animal viruses infect only certain related species of animals3) bacterial viruses (bacteriophage) infect only certain types of bacteria.
So, what about zombies?
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For the rest of today…
• Complete your HIV handout from yesterday.• Turn in your packet when you finish.