Bell Work: August 24th, 2011

• *Census

• What is the Census?

• How often is it conducted?

• Why is the census collected?

• What are some potential problems with conducting an accurate census?

Population Continued

Population Composition

Population Composition

• Population composition concerns itself primarily with the ages and genders of a population.– It also looks into other demographic info about a

population such as marital status and education.

• Population composition matters when trying to combat problems within a particular area.– Areas with a very young population will have

different concerns than an area with an extremely old population

Population Pyramids

• Age and sex are key indicators of population composition.

• Geographers and Demographers use population pyramids to represent these traits visually.

Population pyramids

• Pyramids display percentages of each age group in the total population.– Usually split into 5 year age groups.– Males on the Left and Females to the right.

• A population pyramid can instantly convey the demographic situation in a country.

Population Pyramids – Charts that show the percentages of each age group in the total population, divided by gender.

For poorer countries, the chart is shaped like a pyramid. Infant mortality rates (IMR) are high, life expectancy is shorter.

In poorer countries, Infant Mortality Rates(IMR) are usually high, which is reflected in the pyramid shape.Infant mortality rate (IMR) is one of the measures of the

condition of a countries population. Infant mortality is recorded as a baby’s death during the first year following birth. Normally recorded per thousand Live births

Child Mortality

• Infants who survive their first year of life still do not have a a long life expectancy in poorer areas of the world.

• Child Mortality Rate (CMR) is recorded deaths of children that die between the ages of 1 and 5.– In extreme cases some countries have one and

five children die between these years.

In poorer countries, Life Expectancy is usually shorter, which is also reflected in the pyramid shape.

Life Expectancy is another indicator of a societies well-being.At birth this is an average of the number of years someone might expect to remain alive.

Affect of AIDS on population pyramid for South Africa.

Predicted population for 2035, without and with AIDS.

With AIDS, looks like a population “chimney.”

AIDS is leaving large numbers of AIDS orphans.

AIDS is creating large numbers of AIDS care-givers.

Drawing by a Pokot boy in Kenya, the drawing shows him working in the fields and taking care of his family cattle in order to assist his sick family members.

Population Pyramids – Charts that show the percentages of each age group in the total population, divided by gender.

For wealthier countries, the chart is shaped like a lopsided vase. In many wealthier countries population is aging, Total Fertility Rates (TFR) are declining.

Total Fertility Rate

• The average number of children born to a woman of childbearing age.– Generally between the

years of 15-49

• TRF- To keep a population stable over time a country needs a TFR of 2.1

Age Structure of a Population

• The populations of many countries are aging. - eg. Europe

- eg. Japan

Photo credit: H.J. de Blij

Bordeaux, France

TODAY!!!• Today we are going to construct a population pyramid of our beloved state of Arizona!!!

• Your task is to analyze population data from the U.S. census and create a population pyramid for Arizona that could be displayed for viewing.

• Finally Analyze your finished product.– Describe the main features of its

population in the year shown.– Identify the demographic

characteristics and processes of population change that have resulted in the age and sex composition of its population. (High Life Expectancy, CBR, CDR, Males vs. Females, rate of growth etc.)