Bell Ringer - 11/29 & 11/30Bell Ringer - 11/29 & 11/30

1. The Scientific Revolution was a new way of thinking about the ___________ __________ based on careful ___________ and a willingness to ____________ old beliefs.

2. Old View = ________________ Universe

3. Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo were all working on the ___________ theory.

4. Who discovered the Law of Gravity?

The Enlightenment

The Enlightenment The Enlightenment

• Explain what the Enlightenment was and its affect on the world.

• Describe a Salon and the roots of the Enlightenment.• Define the concept of Natural Law.• Identify the beliefs and works of Thomas Hobbes,

John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Jean Jacques Rousseau.

• Match Enlightenment thinkers to documents they influenced.

The EnlightenmentThe Enlightenment

• The word enlightenment refers to a change in outlook among many educated Europeans that began during the 1600s.

• Applied reason to the human world to solve real life problems.

Sound familiar?

Enlightenment ImpactsEnlightenment Impacts

• Stimulated religious tolerance• Encouraged democratic revolutions

around the world

SalonsSalons• In France, thinkers gathered in

informal meetings called “Salons”.• Salons were a place to exchange and

debate ideas.• Women

participated too!

No, not this kind of No, not this kind of SALON!SALON!

NaturalNatural Law Law• Enlightenment

thinkers had many questions about Natural Law.

• Natural Law = The concept that there is a universal order built into nature that can guide moral thinking.

Natural Law or Scientific Law?

People are happiest when they are free.

The best governments are ones that listen to the people.

The earth revolves around the sun.

People are by nature greedy and selfish and need to be controlled.

What goes up, must come down.

Thomas Hobbes

-.

.

•People are bad by nature & cannot be trusted to make decisions for themselves.

•The state must have central authority to manage behavior.

LeviathanWhat kind of government do you think Hobbes have supported?

John Locke

“What is the purpose of government?”• To protect people’s natural rights –

life, liberty and property.• Government only exists with the

consent of the governed• If government is not doing its job, it

should be overthrown

Two Treatises on Government

Baron de Montesquieu

• Believed in the separation of powers idea

• Checks and Balances between the branches of government

The Spirit of Laws

Whose government did he inspire?

Voltaire

• Believed in the freedom of speech

• Religious toleration– Separation of church and state

What part of our Constitution did he inspire?

“Candide”

Rousseau

The Social Contract

•Government is NOT there for the glory of God, but because there are obligations between the government and its people.

•Government is a contract between rulers and the people.

Who Said It? (or would have said it)

With a partner, your job is to match each quote with who would have said it. Some of the quotes are real, others are things that could have been said. You will use some of the names more than once.

Movie Clip

The History of the U.S. Government

• Chapter 3: Influences on American Government 

Enlightenment Worksheet

1. Match thinker, ideas and book.2. Identify their influences3. Complete the Bumper Sticker as homework, if necessary

Turn in your completed worksheet for a grade!