Bell Ringer: 11/16 & Bell Ringer: 11/16 & 11/1711/17

Peter the Great wanted to Peter the Great wanted to ______________________ Russia by making ______________________ Russia by making it more like western Europe. it more like western Europe.

The Seven Years War was fought on the The Seven Years War was fought on the continents of ______________ and continents of ______________ and _______________._______________.

Maria Theresa ruled _________________.Maria Theresa ruled _________________. ________________ the Great was the last ________________ the Great was the last

of the European absolute monarchs.of the European absolute monarchs.

Absolute Monarchs: Absolute Monarchs: EnglandEngland Describe the four important monarchs Describe the four important monarchs

from the Tudor Dynasty. from the Tudor Dynasty. Describe the four important monarchs Describe the four important monarchs

from the Stuart Dynasty. from the Stuart Dynasty. Describe the events of the English Civil Describe the events of the English Civil

War. War. Describe the actions of Oliver Cromwell. Describe the actions of Oliver Cromwell. Explain the significance of the Glorious Explain the significance of the Glorious

Revolution. Revolution.

EnglandEngland

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen

The TudorsThe Tudors

Henry VIIIHenry VIII– What do we know What do we know

about him?about him? Edward VIEdward VI

– Son of Henry VIIISon of Henry VIII– King at 10King at 10– Died at 15Died at 15

The TudorsThe Tudors

Mary IMary I– Daughter of Daughter of

Henry VIIIHenry VIII– ““Bloody Mary”Bloody Mary”– Persecuted Persecuted

ProtestantsProtestants

The TudorsThe Tudors

Elizabeth IElizabeth I– What do we What do we

know about her?know about her? – Expanded the Expanded the

empireempire ColoniesColonies

– VictoryVictory over the over the Spanish ArmadaSpanish Armada in 1588in 1588

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen

Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

The Stuarts: James The Stuarts: James II

Became king when Elizabeth I died

Clashed with the English Parliament– Insisted upon Divine

Right and absolute powers

Published English bible– “King James Bible”

The Stuarts: Charles IThe Stuarts: Charles I

Son of James I Refused to sign the

Petition of Right that would have limited his powers

Dismissed Parliament in 1629 and refused to call them back into session

English Civil War – 1642-English Civil War – 1642-16491649

1640: Parliament meets again

Parliament limits Charles’ power– Charles tried to arrest

Parliament’s leaders, but they escaped

Civil War breaks out between Royalists vs. Roundheads

Royalist – Someone who fought for the monarchy

Roundhead – Someone who fought against the monarchy

King surrendered in 1646 Charles I was charged with treason

and sentenced to death– Charles I was beheaded publicly on

January 30, 1649

Charles’ death sentence

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen

Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

The CommonwealthThe Commonwealth Oliver Cromwell -

leader of the Roundheads

1654, Cromwell given the title Lord Protector

He demanded complete obedience

Laws against theater, drinking, dancing, gambling

The Stuarts: Charles The Stuarts: Charles IIII

“Restoration Parliament” brings back the monarchy

Parliament appoints Charles II (son of Charles I)

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen

Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

The Stuarts: James IIThe Stuarts: James II

Third son of Charles I– Hid in France during the

Commonwealth James II was unpopular

because he was Catholic and believed in absolute monarchy

James II and the Glorious James II and the Glorious RevolutionRevolution

Parliament overthrew James II in the “Glorious Revolution”

Glorious Revolution = bloodless overthrow of James II

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen

Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

William & MaryWilliam & Mary Mary and her

husband William became King and Queen

Constitutional Constitutional MonarchyMonarchy

William & Mary had to sign the English Bill of Rights FIRST

England became a constitutional monarchy– Monarchs could NOT tax without the

consent of Parliament– Trial by jury– Freedom of speech

Constitutional Monarchy = a monarchy that is limited by laws

Rights of Englishmen

And the winner is …