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BeeCityUSA 1

BeeCityUSAisavolunteer-run501c3organiza;oninAsheville,NorthCarolina,

hometo1stBeeCityUSAaffiliateinna;on

Outline

1.  INTRODUCTION:Whatispollina@onandwhoarethepollinators?

2.  THEPROBLEM:Pollinatordecline3.  Whydoweneedpollinators?4.  SOLUTION:Let’slivetogether!5.  BeeCity/CampusUSAphilosophy,applica@on

process,commitments&benefits6.  Crea@ngpollinatorhabitat:Plantit&theywill

come

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INTRODUCTION:POLLINATION&POLLINATORS

ANTHECOLOGY(pollina;onbiology)

CartoonusedwithpermissionofScoYHilburn

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Flowersproducepollinatorbait—nectar!Pollina;on:Movingmalepartofflower(pollenonanthers)tofemalepartofflower(s@gma)toproduceseeds/fruit

Virg

iniaSen

echal

BeatrizM

oisset

BillDu

yck

USG

S

NancyAdamson

KimBailey

7MajorGroupsofPollinators(Many,butnotall,species

inanyofthesegroupspollinate)

BEES:Only7of

20Kspeciesare

“honey”bees

BEETLES:Oldestknown

pollinator

FLIES:They

pollinatechocolate!

MOTHS:Mostly

nocturnal

BUTTERFLIES HUMMINGBIRDS:OnlyfoundinWestern

HemisphereBATS:Thisbatisnotreallyyellow!

ManybuYerflies,hummingbirdsandbatsmigrateforfoodandsurvivingwinter

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POLLINATORDECLINE

What'sWrongWithTheBees? CBSNews,October25,2007

Mystery Bee Disappearances Sweeping U.S.

National Geographic, February 23, 2007

Deserted beehives, starving young stun scientists USATODAY.com, April 30, 2007

Suddenly, the bees are simply vanishing LA Times, June 10, 2007

Mystery Ailment Strikes Honeybees The Associated Press, February 11, 2007

ColonyCollapseDisorderFinallyBroughtAZen;ontoPollinatorsin2007

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UN’s2016reportsays40%of

pollinatorspeciesareat

riskofex@nc@on

Monarchshavedeclinedbyasmuchas90%inlast2decades(basedonareacoveredinMexicanoverwinteringloca@ons)

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•  Habitatloss(duetoagriculture,development,invasive/exo;cplantspecies)causingpoornutri;on(quan;ty&quality)+

•  Pes;cides(insec;cides,fungicides,herbicides)+•  Parasites(esp.Varroamite)&Disease+•  Climatechange+

Whyarehoneybees,monarchbuZerflies&otherpollinatorsdeclining?

RobinS@

ckne

y

Percapita,Americansaverageusing3.5poundsofpes@cides/year

Isthehoneybeethecanaryinthe

world’scoalmine,

warningusofgravedanger?

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WHYDOWENEEDPOLLINATORS?

1in3bitesoffoodweeat(includingmajorsourcesofmicronutrients&

an@oxidants)relyonpollinators

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What'smissinginthisWholeFoodsproducesec@onamerstaffremovedproductsthatrequiredbees’help?Apples,avocados,bokchoy,broccoli,broccolirabe,cantaloupe,carrots,

cauliflower,celery,cucumbers,eggplant,greenonions,honeydew,kale,leeks,lemons,limes,mangos,mustardgreens,onions,summersquashandzucchini(52%ofproduce).

Photos:WholeFoods

75%ofcropsrelyonpollinatorsforseed/fruitsetand/or

improvedqualityorincreasedyield

AgriculturalEconomicImpacts

•  Totalvalueofpollina@onworldwidees@matedat$235-$577billion•  WellpollinatedcropslookbeYer,tastebeYer,&havelongershelf-

life.•  Volumeofproduc@onofpollinator-dependentcropshasincreased

by300%overlast5decades,makinglivelihoodsincreasinglydependentuponpollinators

FromUNIntergovernmentalPlarormonBiodiversityandEcosystemServices(IPBES)Thema@cAssessmentofPollinators,Pollina@onandFoodProduc@onReport:SummaryforPolicyMakers,2016Photo:ByLouisaHooven/OregonStateUniversity(Flickr)[CCBY-SA2.0(hYps://crea@vecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)],viaWikimediaCommons

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Ourgenera@oncouldbelasttowitnessgreatmonarchmigra@on

KimBailey

90%ofwildplantspeciesrelyonpollinatorsforreproduc@on,

andmanyotherspeciesrelyonthoseplantsforfoodandshelter

KimBailey

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Biodiversity

•  Morepollinators=moreplants•  Moreplantspecies=morespecieswildlife&greaterchancesurvivingdiseases/pests

•  Morewelladaptedplants=morestoredcarbon&waterfilteredintosoilvs.damagingrun-off

"When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it

hitched to everything else in

the Universe.”

John Muir

ByFrancisM.Fritz-hYp://content.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/r2r29p09b&brand=calisphere,PublicDomain,hYps://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=266893

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Whilebumblebeesareexpertsatbuzzpollina@on--requiredbytomatoesandsomeotherplants,vibratorssome@mes

replacebeesingreenhousespollina@ngoneflowerata@me.(Tuningforkswork,too.)

LSUAgCenter,Winter2005,LouisianaAgMagazine,Page21

“Bees underline the reality that we are more, not less, dependent on nature’s services in a world of close to 7 billion people.” U.N. Environment Program Executive Director Achim Steiner and U.N. undersecretary-general, 2011

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SOLUTION:LET’SLIVETOGETHER!

AnAfricanelephantcaneatupto50poundsoffood/day

ByPJKAPDos@e(Ownwork)[CCBY-SA3.0(hYps://crea@vecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)],viaWikimediaCommons

1Africanelephantmayneedupto2.7millionacres(4,219squaremiles)toliveinthewild

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Join the Conversationabout

What’s the buzz?

NativeBeesNorth America has over 4,400 described

species of native bees* that pollinate wildflowers and crops. From the tiny

Perdita minima to the substantial carpenter bee (Xylocopa varipuncta), these local pollinators are hard at work in the floral landscapes of

gardens, farms, forests, grasslands and urban and wild lands. Unfortunately, several

species of native bees are showing disturbing signs

of decline. Learn more about

these colorful pollinators and

how you can support them at

www.pollinator.org

Art and Designby

Steve Buchanan

*Ascher, J. S. and J. Pickering. 2010 (citation at www.pollinator.org)

Sweat bee

Oil bee

Squash bee

Impatientbumble bee

Morrison’sbumble bee

Southeasternblueberry bee

Blue orchardbee

Yellow-facedbee

Valleycarpenter bee

Easterncarpenter bee

Yellow-facedbumble bee

Rusty-patchedbumble bee

Leafcutter bee

Digger bee

Miner bee

WanderingCuckoo bee

Sweat bee

Perdita minima

Woods’ roseIndian paintbrush

Yellow coneflower

Wildbergamot

Owl’s claws

AHPAThe SwansonFoundation

BUT,mostbees(&otherinsectpollinators)liveouttheiren;reliveswithinfew100yardsofwheretheywereborn

•  Beesonlyeatpollen(protein)andnectar(carbohydrate)fromflowers(Pollenisbees’onlysourceofprotein)

•  Unlikemostotherpollinators,beescollectpolleninten@onally•  20,000+beespeciesintheworld(3,600inUSA)•  70%ofbeesnestinground•  Allbuthoneybees&bumblebeesare“solitary”vs.“social”(Theydon’thavea

nesttodefendbys@ngingandwillnotharmhumans!)

LargeorSmall,AnimalConserva@on

StartsWithHABITAT

•  Food(Plantorprey)•  Water•  Cover&shelterthroughoutchangingseasons(forprotec@onandforwarmthorcooling)

•  Mates•  Society(insomecases)

Honeybeeismostfamousanimalthatneedssocietytoexist

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FloridaCoon@ePlant&AtalaBuYerfly

AllPhotos:FairchildTropicalBotanicGarden

ThankstoDr.DougTallamyforthisconserva@onsuccessstory:Howlandscapingindustryaccidentallysavedspecies!

AtalaChrysalis

MonarchMath

In4genera;onsoverthecourseof1year,ifhalfwerefemales&allsurvivedtoadulthood&reproduced,

1monarchbuYerfly’soffspringof300couldmul@plyto

1,012,500,000

Currently,only1-10%ofmonarcheggssurvivetoadulthood.

MonarchlifecyclebyTomFanslow

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NancyAdamson

BeeCityUSA®&BeeCampusUSAaffiliatesarenotwillingtostandidlyby

watchingspeciesdisappear!

Gulffri@llaries

“Neverdoubtthatasmallgroupofthough3ulcommi6edci7zenscanchangetheworld.Indeed,it’stheonlythingthateverhas.”

MargaretMead

GreenmetallicsweatbeebyClayBolt

OURMANTRA

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We’remobilizing&equippinggrowingna@onalarmyofpollinator

advocatestoraiseawareness&enhancehabitatonpublic&privateland

Photo:DaphneTraywickBeeCityUSA#8–SeaYle:Plan@ngPollinatorHabitatUnderU@lityLines

•  Habitatloss(duetoagriculture,development,exo;c/invasiveplantspecies)causingpoornutri;on(quan;ty&quality)+

•  Pes;cides(insec;cides,fungicides,herbicides)+•  Parasites(esp.Varroamite)&Disease+•  Climatechange+

What’scausinghoneybee,buZerfly,na;vebees’andotherpollinator

declines?Ph

oto:Rob

inS@ckney

BeeCityUSA&BeeCampusUSAfocusonwhatcommuni@es&individualsCANdo

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•  Realestatedevelopers,

•  bigag,•  pes@cideindustry,•  lawncareindustry,•  commercialbeekeepers….

weaskwhateachofuscandotoreversepollinatordecline.

Insteadofpoin@ngfingersat:

BEECITYUSAPHILOSOPHY,COMMITMENTS,APPLICATION

PROCESS&BENEFITS

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BeeCityUSAMISSION

Togalvanizecommuni@estosustainpollinators,byprovidingthemwithhealthyhabitat,richinavarietyofna@veplantsandfreetonearlyfreeofpes@cides.

LeafcuYerbeebyCelesteEts-Hokin

LeafcuYerbeesandmasonbeescarrytheirpollenundertheirabdomenratherthantheirbacklegslikemostbees.

Cer;fiedBeeCityUSAAffiliates(launched2012)ARKANSASEurekaSprings,MountainViewCALIFORNIAFortBragg,Orland,Redding,SanFrancisco,ThousandOaksDISTRICTOFCOLUMBIAWashingtonFLORIDAWebsterGEORGIAAtlanta,Canon,Decatur,Jefferson,RomeIDAHOGardenCityIOWAMountVernonKENTUCKYClarksonMARYLANDAnneArundelCounty+Annapolis+HighlandBeachPartnership

OHIOGahanna,Vandalia,Wright-PaYersonAirForceBaseOREGONAshland,GoldHill,Phoenix,Talent,WilsonvilleSOUTHCAROLINAGreenwood,LakeCityTENNESSEEBellBuckle,LookoutMountainTEXASBeeville,DentonVIRGINIAScoYsvilleWASHINGTONPuyallup,SeaYleWISCONSINHalesCorners,Madison,MequonWYOMINGGilleYe

MICHIGANAnnArbor,CharterTownshipofYpsilan@,Ypsilan@MISSOURICrestwood,ForsythNEWHAMPSHIREDurhamNEWJERSEYRidgewoodNEWMEXICOAlbuquerqueNORTHCAROLINAAsheville,Bethania,Carrboro,Davidson,Durham,Hayesville,Hendersonville,Hillsborough,MaYhews,Raleigh,TaborCity,Whiteville,Wilmington

60communi@es(@ny,medium,large)In24statesasof11/11/17

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BeeCity/CampusUSAApplica@onProcess

1.  Applicantbuildsstakeholdergroup2.  Applicantemailsdramapplica@on&resolu@on

(cityonly)toBeeCityUSAforapproval3.  Applicantsignsapplica@on,electedcouncil

adoptsresolu@on(cityonly)4.  Applicantemailsfinalsignedapplica@on&

adoptedresolu@on&mailsapplica@onfeetoBeeCityUSA

5.  BeeCityUSAcer@fiesapplicantviacongratulatoryemail

Individualmunicipali;es,coun;esormunicipality-countypartnershipsareinvitedtoapply.

BeeCityUSACommitments1.  Adoptresolu;on&applywithmodestapplica@onfee2.  StandingcommiZeeempoweredbycitytospeakfor

pollinators,sponsoredbycitydepartmentwithliaisontocommiYee

3.   Publicity&Informa;on:BeeCityUSAstreetsign(atleastone)&webpage

4.   Educa;on/Outreach:Hostatleast1annualawarenessevent5.   Habitat:DevelopPollinatorHabitatPlanwithRecommended

na@veplantspecieslist&LeasttoxicIPMplan&integrateintocitymaster/comprehensiveplansiden@fyingtargetpropertytobeenhancedforpollinatorhabitat

6.   Renewannuallywithreportofhabitat&awareness-raisingaccomplishments,&renewalfee

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BEECAMPUSUSACOMMITMENTS,APPLICATIONPROCESS&BENEFITS

Cer;fiedBeeCampusUSAAffiliates(Launched2015)�ArkansasUniversityofArkansas(FayeYeville)CaliforniaCollegeofSanMateo(SanMateo)Connec;cutUniversityofConnec@cut(Storrs)GeorgiaGeorgiaTech(Atlanta);EastGeorgiaStateCollege(Swainsboro)KentuckyMoreheadStateUniversity(Morehead)IllinoisUniversityofIllinoisatChicago(Chicago)IndianaGoshenCollege(Goshen);IndianaUniversity-PurdueUniversityIndianapolis(Indianapolis)MissouriMineralAreaCollege(ParkHill);UniversityofMissouri(Columbia)NebraskaCentralCommunityCollege(GrandIsland)NewJerseyRaritanValleyCommunityCollege(Branchburg)

�NewYorkSUNYCortland(Cortland)NorthCarolinaBlueRidgeCommunityCollege(FlatRock);NashCommunityCollege(RockyMount);NCArboretum(Asheville);SurryCommunityCollege(Dobson);UNCAsheville(Asheville);WarrenWilsonCollege(Asheville)OregonPortlandCommunityCollege(Portland);PortlandStateUniversity(Portland);SouthernOregonUniversity(Ashland)SouthCarolinaMedicalUniversityofSouthCarolina(Charleston)TexasAbileneChris@anUniversity(Abilene);CoastalBendCollege(Beeville);UniversityofNorthTexas(Denton)VermontSaintMichael'sCollege(Colchester);UniversityofVermont(Burlington)VirginiaRandolphCollege(Lynchburg)WashingtonGonzagaUniversity(Spokane)�31in18statesasof11/11/17

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BeeCampusUSACommitmentsLIKEBEECITYUSA:1.   CommiZee(groundsstaff,students,faculty,administrators)to

create&upholdPollinatorHabitatPlan(Recommendedna@veplantspecieslist,leasttoxicIPMplan)

2.   Annualawarenessevent(s)3.   Webpage4.   Annualrenewalandreportonachievementswithmodestini@al&

annualcer@fica@onfeePLUS:5.   Curriculum:Includeinatleast1course/workshopevery2years6.   Servicelearning7.   Signageaboutpollinators

SouthernOregonUniversity-1stBeeCampusUSA!

BenefitsofAffilia@onwithBeeCity/CampusUSA

Generally:1.  Helpsensuresurvivalof“ecologicalkeystonespecies”(i.e.

pollinatorsprovidecri@calresourcesforawiderangeofspecies)2.  Raisescommunityawarenessofdangersofnon-na;veinvasive

plants&leasttoxicwaystodealwithhome&gardenpestproblems

3.  Raisescommunityawarenessofhowourfoodgrows&improveslocalfoodproduc;onthroughexpandedpollina;on

4.  Supportslocalhoney,andseedandplantnurserycompanies5.  Engenderscommunityprideandmayincreasetourism

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BenefitsofAffilia@onwithBeeCity/CampusUSA

Directly:1.   Wholeisgreaterthansumofitsparts:Beingpartofna@onalnetwork,enhances

credibilityforlocalefforts&offersopportuni@estoinfluencestate/na@onalpolicies&ini@a@ves

2.   Accountabilityforachievingpollinatorconserva@onresultseachyear--sharedwithnetwork&publicthroughannualrepor@ng

3.  Accesstoonlinetools&documents,aswellassharedresourcesforprogrampromo@on:–  posters–  brochuretemplates–  T-shirtdesigns–  beedecals

BumblebeeinsquashblossombyNancyAdamson

BenefitsofAffilia@onwithBeeCity/CampusUSA

“Directbenefits”Con;nued:4.  Op@onalaffiliatenetworkconferencecalls&webinarswithexpertstopromote

collabora@on&teachingandlearningamongaffiliates5.   Ongoingaffiliatesupporttoassistwithcommunityimpactincluding:

–  @melypressreleasetemplatestobringlocalaYen@ontopollinatorissues–  currentinforma@onaboutresearch&na@onaltrendsinpollinator

conserva@onthrough:•  e-newsleYers•  Emailblasts•  Website•  Facebookpage

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CREATINGPLLINATORHABITAT:PLANTIT&THEYWILLCOME

Wakeup!Let’sgetbuzzy!

NancyAdamson

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Plantdiversityoflocallyna;ve,pes;cide-freeplants(includingshrubs,vines&trees)thatbloominsuccessionthroughoutgrowingseason

OtherPollinatorGardeningPrincipals1.  Avoidpes@cides(insec@cides,herbicides,fungicides)andenjoywatchingplantand

animaldiversityfindbalance2.  PlanthostplantsforbuYerfly&mothlarvae(especiallymilkweedformonarchs),

eveniftheydon’thaveflowers3.  Planteachspeciesinclusterstoreducepollinators’travel&learningcurveinforaging4.  Don’tworksohard—LEAVE:

–  sunny,barepatchesforground-nesters–  fallleavesforinsectsandbatsthatoverwinterinleafmold–  downedtrees&limbs,andstumpsforwoodcavitynesters–  deadpithystemsforinsectsthatoverwinterinthem–  lawnheightaliYletallertoallowdandelionandclovertobloom

5.  Planteverywhere—schools,corporatecampuses,yards,parks,trafficislands…6.  Installsignagetoeducatepassers-by7.  Photo-documentyourworkmonthlytoappreciatethemanypollinatorsyou’ve

sustained!

MoreInfo:www.beecityusa.org/create-habitat

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“Intheend,wewillconserveonlywhatwelove,wewillloveonlywhatweunderstand,and

wewillunderstandonlywhatwearetaught.”

BabaDioum,SenegaleseForestryEngineer

(FromspeechatGeneralAssemblyoftheInterna@onalUnionfortheConserva@onofNatureandNatural

ResourcesinNewDelhi,1968)

Malesquashbeeonzucchiniblossom

Educatekidsaboutpollinators!BeeCampusUSA#8-UNCAshevillewelcomes

mason&leafcuYerbeesaswellassummercampers.

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WhatwillYOUdotohelppollinators,ourplanetandpeople?

www.beecityusa.orgPhyllisS@les