becky russell, lpc/mhsp, brainspotting, crm, emdr certified cameron clark, lmsw, trauma-sensitive...
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Becky Russell, LPC/MHSP, Brainspotting, CRM, EMDR Certified
Cameron Clark, LMSW, Trauma-Sensitive Yoga
Utilizing Brain and Body-based Treatment Methods with Traumatized Children
“Overwhelming, uncontrollable experiences that psychologically impact victims by
creating in them feelings of helplessness, vulnerability, loss of safety and loss of
control”
Beverly JamesTreating Traumatized children:
New Insights and Creative Interventions
TRAUMA...
Types of Traumatic Events...
EXAMPLES OF BIG T Traumas
Domestic Violence Accidents (Car, athletic, etc.) Violence/Crimes (shootings,
robberies, etc.) Childhood Sexual Abuse Rape/Sexual Assault Bullying Mental Abuse Emotional Abuse Spiritual Abuse War Abandonment Witnessing any of the above
EXAMPLES OF Little ‘t’ Traumas
Arguments Being teased Being picked last for a
team Death of a pet Moving
Witnessing any of the above
Two Types of PTSD...
Simple: occurs as a result of a single incident, such as an auto accident or fire.
Complex: occurs as a result of
repeated incidents, such as sexual abuse and domestic violence.
How/where is TRAUMA stored?
“Trauma by definition involves speechless terror: patients often are simply unable to put what they feel into words and are left with intense emotions simply without being able
to articulate what’s going on.”
Bessel Van der Kolk 2002
What does this mean?
What does this look like in children?
Domain of Development:
ATTACHMENT
Signs of Disruption/Impairment:
Difficulty trusting others Uncertain about the
reliability/predictability of others Interpersonal difficulty Social isolation Difficulty seeking help Clingy, difficulty with separations
What does this look like in children?
Domain of Development:
PHYSICAL
Signs of Disruption/Impairment:
Sensorimotor development problems
Hypersensitivity to physical contact
Somatization Increased medical problems Problems with coordination and
balance
What does this look like in children?
Domain of Development:
AFFECT REGULATION
Signs of Disruption/Impairment:
Problems with emotional regulation
Easily upset and/or difficulty calming
Difficulty describing emotions and internal experiences
Difficulty knowing and describing internal states
Problems with communicating needs
What does this look like in children?
Domain of Development:
BEHAVIORAL CONTROL
Signs of Disruption/Impairment:
Poor impulse control Self-destructive behavior Aggressive behavior Oppositional behavior Excessive compliance Sleep disturbance Eating disorders Reenactment of traumatic
event/past Pathological self-soothing practices
What does this look like in children?
Domain of Development:
COGNITION
Signs of Disruption/Impairment:
Difficulty paying attention Lack of sustained curiosity Problems processing information Problems focusing on/completing
tasks Difficulty planning and anticipating
consequences Learning difficulties, developmental
delays Problems with language
development
What does this look like in children?
Domain of Development:
SELF-CONCEPT
Signs of Disruption/Impairment:
Lack of continuous/predictable sense of self
Poor sense of separateness Disturbance of body image Low self-esteem Shame and guilt
How do we treat trauma from this perspective?
Play Therapy
Expressive Arts
Trauma-sensitive Yoga
“The practice of yoga only requires us to act and to be attentive in
our actions.” T. K. V. Desikachar
Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing Therapy Developed by Francine Shapiro, Ph.D. Websites: www.emdr.com
www. emdria.org
EMDR Therapy
Developed by David Grand, Ph.D. Website:
www.brainspottinginternational.org
Brainspotting
“Where you look affects how you feel.”
Developed by Lisa Schwarz, M.Ed.Website: www.comprehensiveresourcemodel.com
Comprehensive Resource Model (CRM)
Biofeedback TherapyAttachment Regulation Competency (ARC)
ModelEquine Assisted TherapySomatic Experiencing
Other Brain/Body-based Techniques
QUESTIONS/WRAP-UP
Becky Russell CounselingEMDR (Level II) Certified, Brainspotting (Level III), Advanced CRM
www.beckyrussellcounseling.comPhone: (615) 861-8832
Email: [email protected]
The Sexual Assault Centerwww.sacenter.org
Becky Russell, LPC/MHSP – [email protected]: (615) 259-9055 ext. 344
Cameron Clark, LMSW – [email protected]: (615) 259-9055 ext. 310
Cook, A., Blaustein, M., Spinazzola, J., & van der Kolk, B. Eds., (2003). Complex trauma in children and adolescents: White paper. National Child Traumatic Stress Network. Retrieved July 2005 from http://www.NCTSN.org/
Corrigan F, Grand D. Brainspotting: Recruiting the midbrain for accessing and healing sensorimotor memories of traumatic activation. Med Hypotheses (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2013.03.005
Emerson, D., & Hopper, E. (2011). Overcoming Trauma through Yoga. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books.
Emerson, D., Sharma, R., Chaudhry, S., & Turner, J. (2009). Trauma-sensitive yoga: Principles, practice, and research. International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 19, 123-128.
Emerson, D., & Turner, J. (2009). Toward becoming a trauma-sensitive yoga teacher. Paper presented at Trauma Sensitive Yoga for Yoga Teachers and Clinicians Training, Stockbridge, MA.
Farb NAS, Segal ZV, Anderson AK (2013). Mindfulness meditation training alters cortical representations of interoceptive attention. Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8(1), 15-26.
Grand, David (2013). Brainspotting: The Revolutionary New Therapy for Rapid and Effective Change. Sounds True. ISBN 978-1-60407-943-2.
References:
Hepburn, Kathy S. Center for ECMHC , Georgetown University. Recognizing and Addressing Trauma in Infants, Young Children, and Their Families
Huso, Deborah R., Treating Child Abuse Trauma with EMDR, Social Work Today, vol. 10, No. 2, p. 20.
Kinniburgh, Blaustein, Spinazzola & van der Kolk, 2005, Psychiatric Annals, pp. 424-430. Attachment, Self-Regulation & Competency
Levine, Peter A. (2004) It Won’t Hurt Forever. http://www.traumahealing.com
Malchiodi, C. (2012, March 6). Trauma-informed expressive arts therapy. Retrieved July 15, 2012, from Psychology Today: http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-healing-arts/201203/trauma-informed-expressive-arts-therapy
McGuinness, V. (2001). Integrating play therapy and EMDR with children. EMDRResources.com.
References:
Nordqvist, Joseph. What is Biofeedback Therapy?, Medical News Today. September 11, 2014.
Phelps, Don. (2012) Therapeutic Use of Expressive Arts With Children. Retrieved from http://www.socialworktoday.com/archive/exc_020712.shtml
Schultz PN, Remick-Barlow GA, Robbins L. Equine-assisted psychotherapy (EAP): a mental health promotion/intervention modality for children who have experienced intra-family violence. 2007 May;15(3):265-71.
Schwarz, Lisa. The Comprehensive Resource Model. http://www.comprehensiveresourcemodel.com
Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
van der Kolk B. A., Stone L., West J., Rhodes A., Emerson D., Suvak M., et al. (2014). Yoga as an adjunctive treatment for PTSD. J. Clin. Psychiatry 75 e559–e565. 10.4088/JCP.13m08561
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