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Bearing Installation Bearing Installation and Handling and Handling gg
[Presenter Name]
Timken Technical & Commercial Training
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TopicsRemove BearingsRemove Bearings Install Bearings Lubrication Lubrication Handling and Storage
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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The Importance of Proper InstallationEnsure safetyEnsure safety Simplify and speed the processMake full use the bearing’s load capacityMake full use the bearing s load capacity Get the longest possible bearing life
P t i f t i i th iPrevent rings from turning on or in their seats under load
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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Safety Warning
Proper maintenance and h dli ti iti lhandling practices are critical.
Failure to follow installation instructions and to maintaininstructions and to maintain
proper lubrication can result in equipment failure creating a risk
f i b dil hof serious bodily harm.
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Start With a Clean Work AreaClean the work area of debris or dirt thatClean the work area of debris or dirt that
could find it’s way into the bearingWipe any surface where the bearing willWipe any surface where the bearing will
be placed to avoid contaminating the greaseg
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Removing BearingsRemoving Bearings
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Remove BearingGuillotine pullerGuillotine puller
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Remove BearingGuillotine pullerGuillotine puller
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Remove BearingRotate cone by handRotate cone by hand
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Remove BearingManual driversManual drivers
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Remove BearingDrive bearing off the shaftDrive bearing off the shaft
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Remove BearingDrive bearing off the shaftDrive bearing off the shaft
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Remove BearingKeep your tools organizedKeep your tools organized
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Remove BearingPullersPullers
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Remove Bearing Puller with hydraulicPuller with hydraulic
assist
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Remove Bearing Maintain alignment:Maintain alignment:
Apply force to tight fitted member
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Clean BearingCleaning bearing componentsCleaning bearing components
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Clean BearingCleaning bearing componentsCleaning bearing components
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Clean BearingAlkali cleanersAlkali cleaners
– 2-3 ounces per gallon of heated water typical mixtureyp
KeroseneOther commercial cleaners / solvents
– Environmental friendly cleaners are available
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Clean BearingBlow solvent out of bearingBlow solvent out of bearing
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Clean Bearing
Warning!Never spin a bearing with compressed air. The rollers may be forcefully expelled creating a risk offorcefully expelled creating a risk of serious bodily harm.
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Inspecting BearingsVisual inspectionVisual inspection
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Inspecting BearingsChecking for spallsChecking for spalls
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Inspecting BearingsChecking for spallsChecking for spalls
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60Click for a closeup
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Uneven Wear PatternsDo not mix new with used componentsDo not mix new with used components
Old CupOld Cup
New Cone
Original Wear
New Wear Pattern
O g a eaPattern
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Installing BearingsInstalling Bearings
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Prepare for InstallationCheck for debrisCheck for debris
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Prepare for InstallationClean and wipe out gear caseClean and wipe out gear case
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Prepare for Installation Inspect and prepare the shaft Inspect and prepare the shaft
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Prepare for Installation Inspect and prepare the shaft Inspect and prepare the shaft
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Prepare for Installation Inspect and prepare the bearing seat Inspect and prepare the bearing seat
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Inspect and prepare the bearing seat
Prepare for Installation Inspect and prepare the bearing seat
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Inspect and prepare the bearing seat
Prepare for Installation Inspect and prepare the bearing seat
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
TCK9
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TCK9 The bearing is backwardsTim Kraft, 8/22/2006
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Prepare for Installation Inspect and prepare the bearing seat Inspect and prepare the bearing seat
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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Prepare for Installation Inspect and prepare the bearing seat Inspect and prepare the bearing seat
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Check DimensionsCheck housing boreCheck housing bore
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Check DimensionsCheck shaftCheck shaft
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Optional Section12 point Shaft & Housing12-point Shaft & Housing
Measurement Procedure
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Bottom linePrecision bearings require proper supportPrecision bearings require proper supportShaft and housing condition is critical to
bearing system performancebearing system performanceRemember, a bearing is only as good as
the shaft it’s mounted on, and thethe shaft it s mounted on, and the housing it’s mounted in
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Check Shaft Shoulder Fillet Radius
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Check Shaft Shoulder Fillet Radius
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Shaft Fillet & Shoulder DiameterShaft Fillet & Shoulder Diameter
Shaft fillet diameter too large
Shoulder diameter too small
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Shoulder diameter too large
Correct shaft shoulder diameter and fillet
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Install the Bearing Pregrease sealPregrease seal
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Install the BearingDriversDrivers
Cup (Outer Ring) Drivers
Cone (Inner Ring) Driver
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Install the BearingPress bearings in through the facePress bearings in through the face
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Install the BearingDrive the bearing onDrive the bearing on
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Install the BearingDrive the bearing onDrive the bearing on
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Heat / Chill BearingsFreeze tight fittingFreeze tight fitting
outer rings to help installation in housinggChill limits (lowest)
• Standard product:• Standard product:-65°F (-54°C)Use dry ice in alcohol bath
• Precision product: -20°F (-29°C)Use freezer
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Heat / Chill BearingsHeat or chill bearingsHeat or chill bearings
to ease installationsHeat limits (maximums)Heat limits (maximums)
• Standard product, metallic cage, no seals:200°F (93°C) for 24 hours 250°F (121°C) for 8 hours
• Standard product, nonmetallic cage and polymer or elastomer seals:polymer or elastomer seals: 200°F (93°C) 24 hours
• Precision product:
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
p150°F (66°C) 24 hours
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Heating BearingsOil bath methodOil bath method
– Temperature: < 250°F – Duration: varies according to sizeDuration: varies according to size– 15 minutes to two hours soak time
Non-conductive Bearing Support BlockHigh Flash
Point Oil
Flame Burner
Bearing Held From Bottom By Screen
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Heating BearingsHeating lampHeating lamp
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Heating Bearings Induction Heating Induction Heating
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Heating Bearings Induction Heater Induction Heater
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Heating BearingsAvoid using a torchAvoid using a torch
to heat bearings
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Heating BearingsHandling hot bearingHandling hot bearing
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Heating BearingsHandling hot bearingHandling hot bearing
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Heating BearingsHold bearing in position while coolingHold bearing in position while cooling
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Heating BearingsCooling bearingCooling bearing
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Protect the Bearing
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Check Fit 0 002” ( 05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage 0.002 (.05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage
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Check Fit 0 002” ( 05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage 0.002 (.05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage
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Check Fit 0 002” ( 05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage 0.002 (.05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage
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Check Fit 0 002” ( 05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage 0.002 (.05 mm) shim stock / feeler gage
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Lubricating BearingsLubricating Bearings
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LubricationThe lubricant reduces friction betweenThe lubricant reduces friction between
mating surfacesHelps to keep the bearings and theHelps to keep the bearings, and the
equipment, running coolerProtects bearingsProtects bearings
from debris and corrosion.
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LubricationSelect the right type and grade of greaseSelect the right type and grade of greaseWhen regreasing, ensure that the new
grease is compatible with the existinggrease is compatible with the existing grease in the bearing
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LubricationPlace grease in your hand and work itPlace grease in your hand and work it
through the rolling elements
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Lubricating the BearingMechanical grease packersMechanical grease packers
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Lubricating the BearingMechanical grease packersMechanical grease packers
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Lubricating the Bearing: Grease Fill Do not overgrease!Do not overgrease!
– Fill roller bearings from 1/3 to 2/3 of their free volume
Over-lubricated and 100
C°
Over-lubricated or incorrectly lubricated
incorrectly lubricated
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Tem
p C
Proper lubrication
0
lubrication
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Time
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Install the Bearing
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Install the Bearing
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Install the Bearing Ensure bearing isEnsure bearing is
flush with shaft shoulder
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
.002” feeler gage
Storing BearingsStoring Bearings
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Protecting the Bearings
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Storing Bearings
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Bearing AdjustmentBearing Adjustment
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Adjusting Bearings Some bearings areSome bearings are
“adjustable” … the distance between the rolling l t d
Tapered Rollerelements and raceways
can be set during installation
Roller Bearing
For non-adjustable bearings, you can slightly modify the rollingmodify the rolling element/raceway clearance through an interference fit
Ball Bearing
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Shaft and Housing Dimensions SizeSize
– OD tolerance
Roundness– One-half OD
tolerance
StraightnessStraightness– One-half OD
tolerance
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Ensure Proper Shaft Tolerances
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Proper Shaft and Housing ConditionsProvide bearing supportProvide bearing support
– Effective capacityPrevent relative motionPrevent relative motion
– Holding torqueMinimize component frettingMinimize component fretting
– Limit wear Improve machine operationImprove machine operation
– Limit runout / vibration
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Important Shaft and Housing AttributesSizeSize
– Average diameterFormForm
– Roundness, straightness (taper)Surface roughnessSurface roughness
– Topography
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Surface Finish Requirements
ShaftStraight Tapered
63 rms 50 rms
Fixed FloatHousing
125 rms 63 rms
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Roundness and StraightnessRoundness and StraightnessTolerance RequirementsRoundness equals one half of sizeRoundness equals one half of size
tolerance 80% conformity required80% conformity required
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Correct Shaft Mounting Equal supportEqual support
– minimum 80% conformity
Effective holding torque Minimal fretting
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Stepped Shaft Installation Uneven supportUneven support High wear potential Exaggerated loadinggg g Inner ring axial bending Reduced holding torque
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Bowed Shaft Installation Uneven supportUneven support Exaggerated loading Inner ring axial bendingg g Reduced holding torque
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Hollow Shaft Installation Exaggerated loadingExaggerated loading Inner ring axial bending Extreme uneven supportpp Reduced holding torque
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Tapered Shaft Installation Exaggerated loadingExaggerated loading Inner ring axial bending Uneven supportpp Reduced holding torque
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Irregular Shaft Installation Exaggerated loadingExaggerated loading Uneven support Limited holding torqueg q High wear potential
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Optional TopicsTapered Bearing AdjustmentTapered Bearing Adjustment
Multiple-Row Spacer Bearing Adjustment
TDO Bearing Measurement
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Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Bearing Installation Bearing Installation and Handling and Handling gg
Timken Technical & Commercial Training
Optional ContentOptional Content
Timken Technical & Commercial Training
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Roller Scoring
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
1212--point Shaft point Shaft and Housingand Housingand Housing and Housing Measurement Measurement ProcedureProcedure
Timken Technical & Commercial Training
ProcedureProcedure
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12-Point Process Requirements Clean environmentClean environment
Calculation data sheet
Precision straight-edge sine bar Precision straight-edge, sine bar
Application shaft size and tolerance
Application housing size and tolerance Application housing size and tolerance
Two-point diameter gages accurate to .0001” (.003 mm)( )
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Select three measurement planes todefine bearing housing / shaft contactdefine bearing housing / shaft contact
Plane B
Plane C
Plane A
Plane B
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Identify four angular positions within each plane for diameter measurementeach plane for diameter measurement
0º45º
90º
135º135
0º 45º
90º
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
135º
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12-Point Measurement Worksheet
Application : Machine : #1Press roll
Measured by : Ken Holmes Date : 2/2/04
Maximum 12.6023 (in.) Maximum 22.8379 (in.)Bore = 12.5984 (in.) Minimum 12.6008 (in.) Minimum 22.8351 (in.)O.D. = 22.8346 (in.) Tolerance 0.0015 (in.) Tolerance 0.0028 (in.)Width = 8.1890 (in.) Form 0.00075 (in.) Form 0.00140 (in.)
23264YMBW507C08Bearing Shaft Housing
SHAFTSIZE
Plane Average Round Taper0� 45� 90� 135� (in.) (in.) Planes (in.)
A 12.6008 12.6012 12.6020 12.6015 12.6014 0.00120 A-B 0.00097
B 12 6018 12 6030 12 6023 12 6023 12 6024 0 00120 B C 0 00217
Angular Measurement FORM
B 12.6018 12.6030 12.6023 12.6023 12.6024 0.00120 B-C 0.00217
C 12.5995 12.6002 12.6008 12.6002 12.6002 0.00130 A-C 0.00120
HOUSINGSIZE
Plane Average Round Taper0� 45� 90� 135� (in.) (in.) Planes (in.)
Angular Measurement FORM
A 22.8356 22.837 22.8360 22.8364 22.8363 0.00140 A-B 0.00115
B 22.8346 22.8356 22.8352 22.8350 22.8351 0.00100 B-C 0.00303
C 22.8376 22.8384 22.8381 22.8384 22.8381 0.00080 A-C 0.00187The red-shaded range identifies the out-of-tolerance condition.
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Confirm surface topographyConfirm surface topography across bearing seat
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Prussian blue and precision straight edge or sine bar confirmsstraight edge or sine bar confirms surface topography
Check in angular planes
80% conformity required80% co o y equ ed
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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Tapered Roller Bearing Tapered Roller Bearing Adjustment Adjustment jj
Timken Technical & Commercial Training
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Tapered Bearing AdjustmentH i
Internal Axial Cl E d l
Housing
Clearance: Endplay
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Shaft
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Bearing Adjustment
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Bearing Adjustment
Clearance
End Play ( Shaft Movement
Relative to Housing)
Seated Bearing
Position 1Position 1Right BearingSeated
Position 2Left Bearing Seated
UnseatedBearing
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Seated
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Bearing Adjustment
SeatedBearing
SeatedBearing
N Sh ft
NoClearance
No Clearance
No Shaft Movement
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Bearing Adjustment
No internal axial
Housing
Line-to-Line ContactNo internal axial
clearance: PreloadContact
Sh ft
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Shaft
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Bearing AdjustmentRemoveShi T
Remove Shims To Shims To
CompressThe System
Shims To Compress
The System
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Bearing Adjustment
Load exerted by
housingLoad
Exertedb gby
Housing
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Bearing Adjustment
Internal Clearance
Zero Cl
Preload Excessive P l dClearance
(Endplay) Clearance Preload
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Bearing Adjustmente
Relative LifeVs.
Operating Bearing
Incr
ease
Operating BearingSettings
ive
Life
IR
elat
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Preload Endplay
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BearingBearing Adjustment Using a dialUsing a dial
indicator while pushing / pulling th b ithe bearing
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Bearing AdjustmentNeed to oscillate the bearing so theNeed to oscillate the bearing so the
rollers climb the taper and fully seat against the large ribg g
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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Bearing AdjustmentUse torque wrench to check rolling torqueUse torque wrench to check rolling torque
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Bearing Adjustment
Pull (pounds)
Gear radius (inches) X Pull pounds)
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Torque ((inch/pounds)
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Bearing Adjustment
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
MultipleMultiple--Row Row Spacer Bearings Spacer Bearings p gp g
Timken Technical & Commercial Training
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Multiple-Row Bearings
TDI
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
TDO
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Multiple-Row Bearing ApplicationsUsually mounted with tight fitted conesUsually mounted with tight fitted cones
on rotating shafts– Where cones can be loose fitted, may wantWhere cones can be loose fitted, may want
to use a TDI at one position (can use TDO at other)
One bearing commonly "fixed" and one "float“
Click to learn more about fixed
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
Click to learn more about fixed and float bearings
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Preset AssembliesSpacer bearingsSpacer bearings
– Bench Endplay or Bench Preload, the endplay or preload measured on the bench p y pin manufacturing facility
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Preset AssembliesSpacer bearingsSpacer bearings
– Components are not interchangeable– Components are supplied as "matched"Components are supplied as matched
assemblies– Identified by cone part
b & bl * bnumber & assembly* number
* Not inscribed on the bearing
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Preset AssembliesSpacer bearingSpacer bearing
assembly number
5 6 6 9 0 2 A 1
Class *Sequential numberCone
number
Indicates Assembly
Various Meanings (county, etc.)
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
* For bearings made after mid 1990s only. Prior to that, a random number.
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Preset AssembliesSpacer bearingSpacer bearing
566 - 902A2– (2) 566 cones TDO(2) 566 cones– (1) 563D cup– (1) X2S-566 cone spacer
TDO
– Bench endplay (BEP) = 0.008” (0.20mm)– Inspection = 20024
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Preset AssembliesSpacer bearingSpacer bearing
566 - 902A1– Same components and TDOSame components and
inspection– Bench preload (BPL) = 0.001” (0.03 mm)
TDO
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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Measuring Bench Endplay / Preload Preset Assemblies Spacer BearingsPreset Assemblies - Spacer Bearings1. Measure bearing on bench
(drop method): B = (AB + CB) AC(drop method): B = (AB + CB) - AC
566 902A2
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
566 - 902A2
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Measuring Bench Endplay / Preload Preset Assemblies Spacer BearingsPreset Assemblies - Spacer Bearings2. Determine spacer length
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Measuring Bench Endplay / Preload Preset Assemblies Spacer BearingsPreset Assemblies - Spacer Bearings3. Mark assembly components with serial
numbernumber
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Mounted Setting Endplay or preload in a mounted bearingEndplay or preload in a mounted bearing
as a result of changes in lateral due to tight cone or cup fits, or bothg p ,
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Operating SettingAmount of endplay or preload in aAmount of endplay or preload in a
bearing system at operating conditions
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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Bench End PlayEstablish Bench End PlayEstablish Bench End Play
– Chosen for desired performance
Operating Setting = BEP - -
lateral loss due to thermal
changes
lateral loss due to fits
changes
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
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Fixed/Float Bearings
Fixed Bearing Float Bearing
Restrained from axial movement
Able to move or “float” axially
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60
axial movement float axially
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25 years later, I can finally stop looking atfinally stop looking at
this bearing!
Bob Roseman
Bearing Handling and Maintenance – T60